1,在src下面新建一个META-INF文件夹,在META-INF下面新建一个persistence.xml的配置文件,persistence.xml配置如下:我这里的JPA采用的是Hibernate实现,不用的实现下面的配置文件的内容不一样的。
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd" version="1.0"> <persistence-unit name="mengya" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL"> <properties> <!-- 方言 --> <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect"/> <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/> <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver"/> <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="root"/> <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="123"/> <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mp?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8"/> </properties> </persistence-unit> </persistence>
2,配置一个实体Bean如:
package com.mengya.bean;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Basic;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.EnumType;
import javax.persistence.Enumerated;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Lob;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.Temporal;
import javax.persistence.TemporalType;
import javax.persistence.Transient;
import com.mengya.util.Gender;
//表示实体Bean
@Entity
//设置表名
@Table(name = "PERSON")
public class Person {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Date birthday;
private String info;
private byte[] file;
private String imagePath;
// 枚举类型
// 设置该列的默认值,在字段后面赋初始值
private Gender sex = Gender.MAN;
public Person() {
}
public Person(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
// 放在get方法上面或字段上面
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
// 设置该列在数据中列名,长度,非空
@Column(name = "p_name", length = 10, nullable = false)
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
// 设置日期的格式为yyyy-MM-dd
@Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
// 取其枚举的值
@Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
// 取其枚举的索引
// @Enumerated(EnumType.ORDINAL);
@Column(length = 10, nullable = false)
public Gender getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(Gender sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
//@Lob表示大的文本字段
//@Basic(fetch=FetchType.LAZY)设置该字段是否懒加载
@Lob @Basic(fetch=FetchType.LAZY)
public String getInfo() {
return info;
}
public void setInfo(String info) {
this.info = info;
}
//大的二进制字段
@Lob
public byte[] getFile() {
return file;
}
public void setFile(byte[] file) {
this.file = file;
}
//非持久化字段(数据库中没有字段与之对应)
@Transient
public String getImagePath() {
return imagePath;
}
public void setImagePath(String imagePath) {
this.imagePath = imagePath;
}
}
性别枚举
package com.mengya.util;
public enum Gender {
MAN,WOMAN;
}
测试用例如下:
import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
import javax.persistence.Query;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.mengya.bean.Person;
import com.mengya.util.Gender;
public class PersonTest {
@BeforeClass
public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception {
}
@Test public void save(){
EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("mengya");
EntityManager manager=factory.createEntityManager();
manager.getTransaction().begin();
Person p=new Person();
p.setName("小酱油");
DateFormat df=DateFormat.getDateInstance();
try {
Date d=df.parse("1986-8-25");
p.setBirthday(d);
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
p.setSex(Gender.WOMAN);
manager.persist(p);
manager.getTransaction().commit();
manager.close();
factory.close();
}
}