线程间通讯

应用程序所有UI组件的创建，UI刷新，处理用户输入事件等都是运行于UI线程（也叫main线程），除了main线程外，程序可能还得需要其他线程（work线程），例如程序从服务器下载等比较耗时的操作，这些功能不能放在main线程中进行处理，否则，程序将无法响应用户的输入事件，甚至会出现ANR或是FC。UI组件的刷新等只能在main线程中进行，因此work线程的处理结果可能需要向main线程进行反馈，因此得处理线程间的通讯，线程间的通讯方法有：

1.      Handler

使用sendMessage() 或 post() 等方法（得覆盖Handler类的handleMessage()方法）

2.      可在work线程中使用方法runOnUiThread()，实现代码块在UI线程中运行，例如：

1）runOnUiThread(Runnable)

                                       Runnableaction = new Runnable() {

                                                @Override

                                                publicvoid run() {

                                                         mTextView.setText("下载完成");

                                                }

                                       };

2) View.post(Runnable)

          3) Handler.post(Runnable)

4) View.postDelayed(Runnable, 1000)

 5)Handler.postDelayed(Runnable, 1000)

 

 

3.      使用系统api  AsyncTask，该类可部分代替Handler，同时不需要自己创建Thread

如何使用该类：

1. 继承AsyncTask，指定泛型参数

      例如：classMyAsycnTask extends AsyncTask<URL, Integer, String>

2. 覆写1)doInBackground() 在work thread执行耗时操作

          2)onPostExecute()  在UI执行，

             当doInBackground()方法执行完成之后被调用，

             doInBackground()的返回值作为参数传进来

3. 执行任务：

      创建对象，并调用execute()方法执行

      例如：

             MyAsycnTask myAsycnTask= new MyAsycnTask();

myAsycnTask.execute(null); 

 

 

刷新进度：

当用户开启一个耗时操作时，程序中应该向用户反馈进度。在该类中刷新进度方法：

覆写onProgressUpdate()方法，该方法在UI线程中执行，刷新进度条的进度以及其它UI；然后在在doInBackground()方法中调用，publishProgress()方法传递消息，相当于Handler.sendmessage()方法

 

示例程序代码：

程序通过获取静态数据来模拟向网络服务器下载数据，获取数据的操作放在异步任务AsyncTask里完成。程序的主要代码：

//MainActivity.java

package com.wy;

 

import java.util.List;

 

import android.app.Activity;

import android.app.Dialog;

import android.app.ProgressDialog;

import android.content.DialogInterface;

import android.os.AsyncTask;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.util.Pair;

import android.view.View;

importandroid.view.View.OnClickListener;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.TextView;

 

public class MainActivity extendsActivity implements OnClickListener,

                   android.content.DialogInterface.OnClickListener{

          privateint mPage = 2;

          privatestatic final int PROGRESSDIALOG = 1;

          privateProgressDialog mDlg;

          privateTextView mtTextView;

          privateMyAsyncTask mTask;

          privateButton mButton;

 

          classMyAsyncTask extends

                            AsyncTask<Integer,Void, Pair<Boolean, List<String>>> {

                   protectedPair<Boolean, List<String>> doInBackground(Integer... params) {

                            intpage = params[0];

                            Pair<Boolean,List<String>> pair = Data.getRows(page);

                            returnpair;

                   }

 

                   @Override

                   protectedvoid onPostExecute(Pair<Boolean, List<String>> result) {

                            //TODO Auto-generated method stub

                            mDlg.cancel();

                            List<String>data = result.second;

                            mtTextView.setText(data.toString());

                            mPage++;

                            mButton.setEnabled(true);

                   }

          }

 

          /**Called when the activity is first created. */

          @Override

          publicvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

                   super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

                   setContentView(R.layout.main);

                   mButton= (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);

                   mButton.setOnClickListener(this);

                   mtTextView= (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvShowData);

          }

 

          @Override

          publicvoid onClick(View v) {

                   //TODO Auto-generated method stub

                   mTask= new MyAsyncTask();

                   mTask.execute(mPage);

                   showDialog(PROGRESSDIALOG);

                   mButton.setEnabled(false);

          }

 

          @Override

          protectedDialog onCreateDialog(int id) {

                   switch(id) {

                   casePROGRESSDIALOG:

                            mDlg= new ProgressDialog(this);

                            mDlg.setMessage("数据更新请稍等");

                            mDlg.setButton(ProgressDialog.BUTTON_NEGATIVE,"取消", this);

                            returnmDlg;

                   }

                   returnnull;

          }

 

          @Override

          publicvoid onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {

                   //TODO Auto-generated method stub

                   switch(which) {

                   caseProgressDialog.BUTTON_NEGATIVE:

                            mDlg.cancel();

                            if(mTask != null) {

                                      mTask.cancel(true);

                            }

                            mButton.setEnabled(true);

                            break;

                   }

          }

 

}

 

//提供静态数据类：

Data.java

package com.wy;

 

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.Arrays;

import java.util.List;

 

import android.util.Pair;

 

public class Data {

          privatestatic final int pageSize = 10;

          privatestatic List<String> mData = new ArrayList<String>();

          privatestatic final String[] mStrings = {"1 AbbayedeBelloc",

                   "2  AbbayeduMontdesCats",

                   "3  Abertam",

                   "4  Abondance",

                   "5  Ackawi",

                   "6  Acorn",

                   "7  Adelost",

                   "8  AffideliceauChablis",

                   "9  Afuega'lPitu",

                   "10Airag",

                   "11Airedale",

                   "12AisyCendre",

                   "13AllgauerEmmentaler",

                   "14Alverca",

                   "15Ambert",

                   "16AmericanCheese",

                   "17AmiduChambertin",

                   "18AnejoEnchilado",

                   "19AnneauduVic-Bilh",

                   "20Anthoriro",

                   "21Appenzell",                

                   "654ZanettiParmigianoReggiano"};

          static{

                   mData= Arrays.asList(mStrings);

          }

 

          publicstatic Pair<Boolean, List<String>> getRows(int page) {

                   System.out.println("getRows()"+ page );

                   if(page == 1) {

                            booleanhasMore = mStrings.length > pageSize;

                            returnnew Pair<Boolean, List<String>>(hasMore, mData.subList(0,

                                               pageSize));

                   }else {

                            for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

                                      try{

                                               Thread.sleep(1000);

                                      }catch (InterruptedException e) {

                                               //TODO Auto-generated catch block

                                               e.printStackTrace();

                                      }

                            }

                            booleanhasMore = mStrings.length > pageSize * page;

                            intstart = (page - 1) * pageSize;

                            returnnew Pair<Boolean, List<String>>(hasMore, mData.subList(

                                               start,Math.min(start + pageSize, mStrings.length)));

                   }

          }

 

}