Ubuntu 16.04系统上NFS的安装与使用

Ubuntu 16.04镜像源：

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20170801)]/ xenial main restricted

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main restricted
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse
#deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu xenial stable
# deb-src [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu xenial stable
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security multiverse

一、服务器端：

1.1安装NFS服务：

sudo apt install nfs-kernel-server

1.2编写配置文件：

vi /etc/exports

#/etc/exports文件的内容如下：

/tmp *(rw,sync,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash)

/data *(rw,sync,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash)

/logs *(rw,sync,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash)

1.3重启nfs服务

sudo service nfs-kernel-server restart

1.4查询命令

showmount -e localhost

#将配置文件中的目录全部重新export一次！无需重启服务。

sudo exportfs -rv

#查看NFS的运行状态

sudo nfsstat

#查看rpc执行信息，可以用于检测rpc运行情况

sudo rpcinfo

#查看网络端口，NFS默认是使用111端口。

sudo netstat -tu -4

二、客户端：

2.1安装客户端工具：

#在需要连接到NFS服务器的客户端机器上，

#需要执行以下命令，安装nfs-common软件包。

#apt会自动安装nfs-common、rpcbind等12个软件包

sudo apt install nfs-common

 

2.2查看NFS服务器上的共享目录

#显示指定的（192.168.3.167）NFS服务器上export出来的目录

sudo showmount -e 192.168.3.167

 

2.3创建本地挂载目录

sudo mkdir -p /mnt/data

sudo mkdir -p /mnt/logs

 

2.4挂载共享目录

#将NFS服务器192.168.3.167上的目录，挂载到本地的/mnt/目录下

sudo mount -t nfs 192.168.3.167:/data /mnt/data

sudo mount -t nfs 192.168.3.167:/logs /mnt/logs

  

#注：在没有安装nfs-common或者nfs-kernel-server软件包的机器上，

#直接执行showmount、exportfs、nfsstat、rpcinfo等命令时，

#系统会给出友好的提示，

#比如直接showmount会提示需要执行sudo apt install nfs-common命令，

#比如直接rpcinfo会提示需要执行sudo apt install rpcbind命令。
 

转载：https://blog.csdn.net/csdn_duomaomao/article/details/77822883