内核态空间地址直接映射到用户态空间访问

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-28 17:43:31 发布

fengzhishang_meteor

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-28 17:43:31 发布

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分类专栏： Linux Kernel 文章标签： devmem 用户空间读mem

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http://blog.csdn.net/xy010902100449/article/details/47029075

【摘要】在Linux开发中着实用到的调试工具并不是很多。devmem的方式是提供给驱动开发人员，在应用层能够侦测内存地址中的数据变化，以此来检测驱动中对内存或者相关配置的正确性验证。

http://blog.csdn.net/hens007/article/details/7268447

这个工具的原理也比较简单，就是应用程序通过mmap函数实现对/dev/mem驱动中mmap方法的使用，映射了设备的内存到用户空间，实现对这些物理地址的读写操作。

<code class="hljs cpp has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <stdio.h></span>
<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <stdlib.h></span>
<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <unistd.h></span>
<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <string.h></span>
<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <errno.h></span>
<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <signal.h></span>
<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <fcntl.h></span>
<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <ctype.h></span>
<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <termios.h></span>
<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <sys/types.h></span>
<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <sys/mman.h></span>

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#define FATAL do { fprintf(stderr, "Error at line %d, file %s (%d) [%s]\n", \</span>
  __LINE__, __FILE__, errno, strerror(errno)); <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">exit</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#define MAP_SIZE 4096UL</span>
<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#define MAP_MASK (MAP_SIZE - 1)</span>

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> main(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> argc, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">char</span> **argv) {
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> fd;
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> *map_base, *virt_addr; 
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">unsigned</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">long</span> read_result, writeval;
    off_t target;
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> access_type = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'w'</span>;

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span>(argc < <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>) {<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//若参数个数少于两个则打印此工具的使用方法</span>
        <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">fprintf</span>(stderr, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"\nUsage:\t%s { address } [ type [ data ] ]\n"</span>
            <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"\taddress : memory address to act upon\n"</span>
            <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"\ttype    : access operation type : [b]yte, [h]alfword, [w]ord\n"</span>
            <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"\tdata    : data to be written\n\n"</span>,
            argv[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>]);
        <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">exit</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>);
    }
    target = strtoul(argv[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>], <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>);

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span>(argc > <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>)
        access_type = <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">tolower</span>(argv[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>][<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>]);


    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span>((fd = open(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"/dev/mem"</span>, O_RDWR | O_SYNC)) == -<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>) FATAL;
    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"/dev/mem opened.\n"</span>); 
    fflush(stdout);

    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/* Map one page */</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//将内核空间映射到用户空间</span>
    map_base = mmap(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, MAP_SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, target & ~MAP_MASK);
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span>(map_base == (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> *) -<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>) FATAL;
    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Memory mapped at address %p.\n"</span>, map_base); 
    fflush(stdout);

    virt_addr = map_base + (target & MAP_MASK);
    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//针对不同的参数获取不同类型内存数据</span>
&nbsp;   <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span>(access_type) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'b'</span>:
            read_result = *((<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">unsigned</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">char</span> *) virt_addr);
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'h'</span>:
            read_result = *((<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">unsigned</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">short</span> *) virt_addr);
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'w'</span>:
            read_result = *((<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">unsigned</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">long</span> *) virt_addr);
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">default</span>:
            <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">fprintf</span>(stderr, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Illegal data type '%c'.\n"</span>, access_type);
            <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">exit</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>);
    }
    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Value at address 0x%X (%p): 0x%X\n"</span>, target, virt_addr, read_result); 
    fflush(stdout);
        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//若参数大于3个，则说明为写入操作，针对不同参数写入不同类型的数据</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span>(argc > <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>) {
        writeval = strtoul(argv[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>], <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>);
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span>(access_type) {
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'b'</span>:
                *((<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">unsigned</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">char</span> *) virt_addr) = writeval;
                read_result = *((<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">unsigned</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">char</span> *) virt_addr);
                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'h'</span>:
                *((<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">unsigned</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">short</span> *) virt_addr) = writeval;
                read_result = *((<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">unsigned</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">short</span> *) virt_addr);
                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'w'</span>:
                *((<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">unsigned</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">long</span> *) virt_addr) = writeval;
                read_result = *((<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">unsigned</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">long</span> *) virt_addr);
                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;
        }
        <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">printf</span>(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Written 0x%X; readback 0x%X\n"</span>, writeval, read_result); 
        fflush(stdout);
    }

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span>(munmap(map_base, MAP_SIZE) == -<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>) FATAL;
    close(fd);
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>;
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; 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padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">65</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">66</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">67</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">68</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">69</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">70</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">71</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">72</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">73</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">74</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">75</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">76</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">77</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">78</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">79</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">80</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">81</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">82</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">83</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">84</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">85</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">86</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">87</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">88</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">89</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">90</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">91</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">92</li></ul>

<code class="hljs applescript has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">memdev：直接读写内存。
可以在busybox的杂项中找到：

CONFIG_USER_BUSYBOX_DEVMEM:                                       

devmem <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">is</span> a small program <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">that</span> reads <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">and</span> writes <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> physical     
memory using /dev/mem.                                           

Symbol: USER_BUSYBOX_DEVMEM [=y]                                  
Prompt: devmem                                                    
  Defined <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">at</span> ../user/busybox/busybox-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1.14</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.3</span>/miscutils/Kconfig:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">216</span> 
  Depends <span class="hljs-function_start" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">on</span></span>: USER_BUSYBOX_BUSYBOX                                
  Location:                                                       
    -> BusyBox (USER_BUSYBOX_BUSYBOX [=y])                        
      -> Miscellaneous Utilities                                  

[用法]
Usage: devmem ADDRESS [WIDTH [VALUE]]
读取：在地址<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0x97000000</span>读取<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">32</span>bit值(WIDTH默认等于<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">32</span>, 可选值为[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">16</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">32</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">64</span>])
/dev <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># devmem 0x97000000 </span>
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0x11111111</span>
读取：在地址<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0x97000000</span>读取<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">16</span>bit值
/dev <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># devmem 0x97000000 16</span>
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0x1111</span>

写入：在地址<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0x97000000</span>写入<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">32</span>bit值<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0x7777ABCD</span>
/dev <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># devmem 0x97000000 32 0x7777ABCD</span>
/dev <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># devmem 0x97000000              </span>
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0x7777ABCD</span>

注意：如果/dev下没有mem这个node，会出现错误：
/dev <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># devmem 0x97000000 </span>
devmem: can't open '/dev/mem': No such <span class="hljs-type" style="box-sizing: border-box;">file</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">or</span> directory

这时可以在Host系统中手动创建一个（例如在NFS root filesystem模式）：
host@host-laptop:~/embedded/tftpboot/nfsroot/dev$ sudo mknod mem -m666 c <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>
注意这里的权限是<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">666</span>，允许任何人任意读写，可以很好的配合程序debug。

/dev <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># devmem 0x97000000</span>
<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0x7777ABCD</span>
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li></ul>