Android UI高级控件之ViewHolder

先声明一下ViewHolder在Android自定义的适配器中使用。目的：优化资源，节省空间，避免重复绘制view而引起的不必要的内存损耗。
我自己以前的写法：
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public class PlateAdapter extends BaseAdapter {

private List<Plate> list;  
private Context context;  

public PlateAdapter(List<Plate> list, Context context) {  
    super();  
    this.list = list;  
    this.context = context;  
}  

@Override  
public int getCount() {  
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
    return list.size();  
}  

@Override  
public Object getItem(int arg0) {  
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
    return list.get(arg0);  
}  

@Override  
public long getItemId(int arg0) {  
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
    return arg0;  
}  

@Override  
public View getView(int arg0, View arg1, ViewGroup arg2) {  
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
    if(arg1 == null){  
        arg1 = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.select_car_type_list_item, null);  
    }  
    TextView text = (TextView)arg1.findViewById(R.id.text);  
    text.setText(list.get(arg0).getPlateType());  
    return arg1;  
}  

}
学习过ViewHolder之后的写法：
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@SuppressWarnings(“unused”)
public class NoticeAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
private Context _context;
private List _list;

public NoticeAdapter(Context context, List<ExamNotice> list) {  
    super();  
    this._context = context;  
    this._list = list;  
}  

public void set_list(List<ExamNotice> _list) {  
    this._list = _list;  
}  

@Override  
public int getCount() {  
    return _list.size();  
}  

@Override  
public Object getItem(int arg0) {  
    return _list.get(arg0);  
}  

@Override  
public long getItemId(int arg0) {  
    return arg0;  
}  

@Override  
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {  
    Holder holder;  
    if(null==convertView){  
        convertView=View.inflate(_context, R.layout.notice_item, null);  
        holder=new Holder();  
        holder.studyPlanName=(TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.xxjh_item_name);  
        holder.studyPlanDate=(TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.xxjh_item_date);  
        convertView.setTag(holder);  
    }else{  
        holder=(Holder)convertView.getTag();  
    }  
    ExamNotice notice=(ExamNotice) getItem(position);  
    holder.studyPlanName.setText(notice.getNoticeTitle());  
    SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");  
    String noticeDate = sdf.format(notice.getNoticeDate());  

    holder.studyPlanDate.setText(noticeDate);  
    return convertView;  
}  
private static class Holder{  
    public TextView studyPlanName,studyPlanDate;  
}  

}

看一下官方的API：
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/*
* Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the “License”);
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an “AS IS” BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/

package com.example.android.apis.view;

import android.app.ListActivity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import com.example.android.apis.R;

/**
* Demonstrates how to write an efficient list adapter. The adapter used in this example binds
* to an ImageView and to a TextView for each row in the list.
*
* To work efficiently the adapter implemented here uses two techniques:
* - It reuses the convertView passed to getView() to avoid inflating View when it is not necessary
* - It uses the ViewHolder pattern to avoid calling findViewById() when it is not necessary
*
* The ViewHolder pattern consists in storing a data structure in the tag of the view returned by
* getView(). This data structures contains references to the views we want to bind data to, thus
* avoiding calls to findViewById() every time getView() is invoked.
*/
public class List14 extends ListActivity {

private static class EfficientAdapter extends BaseAdapter {  
    private LayoutInflater mInflater;  
    private Bitmap mIcon1;  
    private Bitmap mIcon2;  

    public EfficientAdapter(Context context) {  
        // Cache the LayoutInflate to avoid asking for a new one each time.  
        mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);  

        // Icons bound to the rows.  
        mIcon1 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(), R.drawable.icon48x48_1);  
        mIcon2 = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(), R.drawable.icon48x48_2);  
    }  

    /**  
     * The number of items in the list is determined by the number of speeches  
     * in our array.  
     *  
     * @see android.widget.ListAdapter#getCount()  
     */  
    public int getCount() {  
        return DATA.length;  
    }  

    /**  
     * Since the data comes from an array, just returning the index is  
     * sufficent to get at the data. If we were using a more complex data  
     * structure, we would return whatever object represents one row in the  
     * list.  
     *  
     * @see android.widget.ListAdapter#getItem(int)  
     */  
    public Object getItem(int position) {  
        return position;  
    }  

    /**  
     * Use the array index as a unique id.  
     *  
     * @see android.widget.ListAdapter#getItemId(int)  
     */  
    public long getItemId(int position) {  
        return position;  
    }  

    /**  
     * Make a view to hold each row.  
     *  
     * @see android.widget.ListAdapter#getView(int, android.view.View,  
     *      android.view.ViewGroup)  
     */  
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {  
        // A ViewHolder keeps references to children views to avoid unneccessary calls  
        // to findViewById() on each row.  
        ViewHolder holder;  

        // When convertView is not null, we can reuse it directly, there is no need  
        // to reinflate it. We only inflate a new View when the convertView supplied  
        // by ListView is null.  
        if (convertView == null) {  
            convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.list_item_icon_text, null);  

            // Creates a ViewHolder and store references to the two children views  
            // we want to bind data to.  
            holder = new ViewHolder();  
            holder.text = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.text);  
            holder.icon = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.icon);  

            convertView.setTag(holder);  
        } else {  
            // Get the ViewHolder back to get fast access to the TextView  
            // and the ImageView.  
            holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();  
        }  

        // Bind the data efficiently with the holder.  
        holder.text.setText(DATA[position]);  
        holder.icon.setImageBitmap((position & 1) == 1 ? mIcon1 : mIcon2);  

        return convertView;  
    }  

    static class ViewHolder {  
        TextView text;  
        ImageView icon;  
    }  
}  

@Override  
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
    setListAdapter(new EfficientAdapter(this));  
}  

private static final String[] DATA = Cheeses.sCheeseStrings;  

}