java.util.concurrent.locks writeread lock 读写锁【3】

</pre>我们使用sychronized或者lock的时候，锁可以对竞争资源提供安全访问，但是读是没有并发问题的，只有写才有并发问题，显然我们都加锁，在读取的时候势必会影响效率。为了提供性能，Java的并发包提供了读写锁，在读的地方使用读锁，在写的地方使用写锁，这样就可以将问题区分开来，一定程度上提升了效率。<p></p><p></p><p>ReadWriteLock 维护了一对相关的锁，一个用于只读操作，另一个用于写入操作。只要没有 writer，读取锁可以由多个 reader 线程同时保持。写入锁是独占的。 </p><p><img src="https://img-blog.csdn.net/20150118190351953?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvZ2FvZG1s/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center" alt="" /></p><p></p><p>这里拷贝其他人写的一段代码示例：</p><p></p><pre code_snippet_id="582913" snippet_file_name="blog_20150118_2_3024795" name="code" class="java">import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;

/**
public class Test {
         public static void main(String[] args) {
                 //创建并发访问的账户
                 MyCount myCount = new MyCount("95599200901215522", 10000);
                 //创建一个锁对象
                 ReadWriteLock lock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock(false);
                 //创建一个线程池
                 ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
                 //创建一些并发访问用户，一个信用卡，存的存，取的取，好热闹啊
                 User u1 = new User("张三", myCount, -4000, lock, false);
                 User u2 = new User("张三他爹", myCount, 6000, lock, false);
                 User u3 = new User("张三他弟", myCount, -8000, lock, false);
                 User u4 = new User("张三", myCount, 800, lock, false);
                 User u5 = new User("张三他爹", myCount, 0, lock, true);
                 //在线程池中执行各个用户的操作
                 pool.execute(u1);
                 pool.execute(u2);
                 pool.execute(u3);
                 pool.execute(u4);
                 pool.execute(u5);
                 //关闭线程池
                 pool.shutdown();
         }
}

/**
class User implements Runnable {
         private String name;                 //用户名
         private MyCount myCount;         //所要操作的账户
         private int iocash;                 //操作的金额，当然有正负之分了
         private ReadWriteLock myLock;                 //执行操作所需的锁对象
         private boolean ischeck;         //是否查询

         User(String name, MyCount myCount, int iocash, ReadWriteLock myLock, boolean ischeck) {
                 this.name = name;
                 this.myCount = myCount;
                 this.iocash = iocash;
                 this.myLock = myLock;
                 this.ischeck = ischeck;
         }

         public void run() {
                 if (ischeck) {
                         //获取读锁
                         myLock.readLock().lock();
                         System.out.println("读：" + name + "正在查询" + myCount + "账户，当前金额为" + myCount.getCash());
                         //释放读锁
                         myLock.readLock().unlock();
                 } else {
                         //获取写锁
                         myLock.writeLock().lock();
                         //执行现金业务
                         System.out.println("写：" + name + "正在操作" + myCount + "账户，金额为" + iocash +"，当前金额为" + myCount.getCash());
                         myCount.setCash(myCount.getCash() + iocash);
                         System.out.println("写：" + name + "操作" + myCount + "账户成功，金额为" + iocash +"，当前金额为" + myCount.getCash());
                         //释放写锁
                         myLock.writeLock().unlock();
                 }
         }
}

/**
class MyCount {
         private String oid;         //账号
         private int cash;             //账户余额

         MyCount(String oid, int cash) {
                 this.oid = oid;
                 this.cash = cash;
         }

         public String getOid() {
                 return oid;
         }

         public void setOid(String oid) {
                 this.oid = oid;
         }

         public int getCash() {
                 return cash;
         }

         public void setCash(int cash) {
                 this.cash = cash;
         }

         @Override
         public String toString() {
                 return "MyCount{" +
                                 "oid='" + oid + '\'' +
                                 ", cash=" + cash +
                                 '}';
         }
}
写：张三正在操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=10000}账户，金额为-4000，当前金额为10000
写：张三操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=6000}账户成功，金额为-4000，当前金额为6000
写：张三他弟正在操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=6000}账户，金额为-8000，当前金额为6000
写：张三他弟操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=-2000}账户成功，金额为-8000，当前金额为-2000
写：张三正在操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=-2000}账户，金额为800，当前金额为-2000
写：张三操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=-1200}账户成功，金额为800，当前金额为-1200
读：张三他爹正在查询MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=-1200}账户，当前金额为-1200
写：张三他爹正在操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=-1200}账户，金额为6000，当前金额为-1200
写：张三他爹操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=4800}账户成功，金额为6000，当前金额为4800

Process finished with exit code 0