并发协作-死锁

线程发生死锁可能性很小，即使看似可能发生死锁的代码，在运行时发生死锁的可能性也是小之又小。

 

发生死锁的原因一般是两个对象的锁相互等待造成的。

 

在《Java线程：线程的同步与锁》一文中，简述死锁的概念与简单例子，但是所给的例子是不完整的，这里给出一个完整的例子。

 

/** 

* Java线程：并发协作-死锁 

* 

* @author Administrator 2009-11-4 22:06:13 

*/

 public class Test { 

        public static void main(String[] args) { 

                DeadlockRisk dead = new DeadlockRisk(); 

                MyThread t1 = new MyThread(dead, 1, 2); 

                MyThread t2 = new MyThread(dead, 3, 4); 

                MyThread t3 = new MyThread(dead, 5, 6); 

                MyThread t4 = new MyThread(dead, 7, 8); 

                t1.start(); 

                t2.start(); 

                t3.start(); 

                t4.start(); 

        } 

} 

class MyThread extends Thread { 

        private DeadlockRisk dead; 

        private int a, b; 

        MyThread(DeadlockRisk dead, int a, int b) { 

                this.dead = dead; 

                this.a = a; 

                this.b = b; 

        } 

        @Override 

        public void run() { 

                dead.read(); 

                dead.write(a, b); 

        } 

} 

class DeadlockRisk { 

        private static class Resource { 

                public int value; 

        } 

        private Resource resourceA = new Resource(); 

        private Resource resourceB = new Resource(); 

        public int read() { 

                synchronized (resourceA) { 

                        System.out.println("read():" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "获取了resourceA的锁！"); 

                        synchronized (resourceB) { 

                                System.out.println("read():" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "获取了resourceB的锁！"); 

                                return resourceB.value + resourceA.value; 

                        } 

                } 

        } 

        public void write(int a, int b) { 

                synchronized (resourceB) { 

                        System.out.println("write():" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "获取了resourceA的锁！"); 

                        synchronized (resourceA) { 

                                System.out.println("write():" + Thread.currentThread().getName() + "获取了resourceB的锁！"); 

                                resourceA.value = a; 

                                resourceB.value = b; 

                        } 

                } 

        } 

}

 

下面死锁的情况发生了，真是难得一见啊：