memcached 入门介绍

文献引用---memcached 入门：
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_62c5a4810100ndl5.html

在linux上安装memcached

由于memcached安装时，需要使用libevent类库，所以先安装libevent
libevent下载网址:http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent/

本手册中下载的是 libevent-1.4.8-stable.tar.gz版本安装步骤如下:
1. 解压缩
tar xzfv libevent-1.4.8-stable.tar.gz

2. 进入到 libevent-1.4.8-stable目录
cd libevent-1.4.8-stable

3. 编译，安装
./configure
make
make install
注：默认安装到/usr/local/lib/目录

接下来，安装memcached
memcached下载网址:http://www.danga.com/memcached/download.bml
本手册中下载的是 memcached-1.2.6.tar.gz版本

安装步骤如下:
1. 解压缩
tar xzfv memcached-1.2.6.tar.gz

2. 进入到 memcached-1.2.6目录
cd memcached-1.2.6

3. 编译，安装
./configure --prefix=/local/memcached
make
make install

安装完成后，会在 /local/memcached 出现 bin和share目录

进行 bin目录，启动 memcache
方法如下:
./memcached -d -u nobody -m 512 127.0.0.1 -p 11211
此时，会报一个异常
error while loading shared libraries: libevent-1.4.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

原因是找不到libevent-1.4.so.2类库，解决办法如下：

使用LD_DEBUG=help ./memcached -v来确定 加载的类库路径,方法如下:
LD_DEBUG=libs ./memcached -v 2>&1 > /dev/null | less

则系统会显示:
linux:/local/memcached/bin # LD_DEBUG=libs ./memcached -v 2>&1 > /dev/null | less
20421: find library=libevent-1.4.so.2; searching
20421: search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
20421: search path=/lib/tls/i686/sse2:/lib/tls/i686:/lib/tls/sse2:/lib/tls:/lib/i686/sse2:/lib/i686:/lib/sse2:/lib:/usr/lib/tls/i686
/sse2:/usr/lib/tls/i686:/usr/lib/tls/sse2:/usr/lib/tls:/usr/lib/i686/sse2:/usr/lib/i686:/usr/lib/sse2:/usr/lib (system search path)
20421: trying file=/lib/tls/i686/sse2/libevent-1.4.so.2
20421: trying file=/lib/tls/i686/libevent-1.4.so.2
20421: trying file=/lib/tls/sse2/libevent-1.4.so.2
20421: trying file=/lib/tls/libevent-1.4.so.2
20421: trying file=/lib/i686/sse2/libevent-1.4.so.2
20421: trying file=/lib/i686/libevent-1.4.so.2
20421: trying file=/lib/sse2/libevent-1.4.so.2
20421: trying file=/lib/libevent-1.4.so.2
20421: trying file=/usr/lib/tls/i686/sse2/libevent-1.4.so.2
20421: trying file=/usr/lib/tls/i686/libevent-1.4.so.2
20421: trying file=/usr/lib/tls/sse2/libevent-1.4.so.2
20421: trying file=/usr/lib/tls/libevent-1.4.so.2
20421: trying file=/usr/lib/i686/sse2/libevent-1.4.so.2
20421: trying file=/usr/lib/i686/libevent-1.4.so.2
20421: trying file=/usr/lib/sse2/libevent-1.4.so.2
20421: trying file=/usr/lib/libevent-1.4.so.2
20421:
./memcached: error while loading shared libraries: libevent-1.4.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory


我们看到，memcached会到很多地方去找，所以根据其它求，我们只需建一个软链接，指定到我们安装的类库上即可
方法如下：
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libevent-1.4.so.2 /lib/libevent-1.4.so.2

现在可以正常启动memcached了
./memcached -d -u nobody -m 512 127.0.0.1 -p 11211

到这里，看到memcached已经启动，说明安装成功。

memcache启动参数说明:
The options for memcached are:

-l <ip_addr>
Listen on <ip_addr>; default to INDRR_ANY. This is an important option to consider as there is no other way to secure the installation. Binding to an internal or firewalled network interface is suggested.
-d
Run memcached as a daemon.
-u <username>
Assume the identity of <username> (only when run as root).
-m <num>
Use <num> MB memory max to use for object storage; the default is 64 megabytes.
-M
Instead of throwing items from the cache when max memory is reached, throw an error
-c <num>
Use <num> max simultaneous connections; the default is 1024.
-k
Lock down all paged memory. This is a somewhat dangerous option with large caches, so consult the README and memcached homepage for configuration suggestions.
-p <num>
Listen on port <num>, the default is port 11211.
-r
Maximize core file limit
-M
Disable automatic removal of items from the cache when out of memory. Additions will not be possible until adequate space is freed up.
-r
Raise the core file size limit to the maximum allowable.
-h
Show the version of memcached and a summary of options.
-v
Be verbose during the event loop; print out errors and warnings.
-vv
Be even more verbose; same as -v but also print client commands and responses.
-i
Print memcached and libevent licenses.
-P <filename>
Print pidfile to <filename>, only used under -d option.