如何读Excel
读取Excel文件时,首先生成一个POIFSFileSystem对象,由POIFSFileSystem对象构造一个HSSFWorkbook,该HSSFWorkbook对象就代表了Excel文档。下面代码读取上面生成的Excel文件写入的消息字串:
- POIFSFileSystem
fs=newPOIFSFileSystem(new FileInputStream("d:\test.xls")); - HSSFWorkbook
wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs); - }
catch (IOException e) { - e.printStackTrace();
- }
- HSSFSheet
sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0); - HSSFRow
row = sheet.getRow(0); - HSSFCell
cell = row.getCell((short) 0); - String
msg = cell.getStringCellValue();
- POIFSFileSystem
fs=newPOIFSFileSystem(new FileInputStream("d:\test.xls")); - HSSFWorkbook
wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs); - }
catch (IOException e) { - e.printStackTrace();
- }
- HSSFSheet
sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0); - HSSFRow
row = sheet.getRow(0); - HSSFCell
cell = row.getCell((short) 0); - String
msg = cell.getStringCellValue();
如何写excel,
将excel的第一个表单第一行的第一个单元格的值写成“a test”。
- POIFSFileSystem
fs =new POIFSFileSystem(new FileInputStream("workbook.xls")); -
-
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs); -
-
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0); -
-
HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(0); -
-
HSSFCell cell = row.getCell((short)0); -
-
cell.setCellValue("a test"); -
-
// Write the output to a file -
-
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("workbook.xls"); -
-
wb.write(fileOut); -
- fileOut.close();
1、遍历workbook
- //
load源文件 - POIFSFileSystem
fs = new POIFSFileSystem(new FileInputStream(filePath)); - HSSFWorkbook
wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs); - for
(int i = 0; i < wb.getNumberOfSheets(); i++) { -
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(i); -
for (int i = sheet.getFirstRowNum(); i < sheet.getLastRowNum(); i ++) { -
HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i); -
if (row != null) { -
。。。操作} -
} -
} - //
目标文件 - FileOutputStream
fos = new FileOutputStream(objectPath); - //写文件
- swb.write(fos);
- fos.close();
2、得到列和单元格
- HSSFRow
row = sheet.getRow(i); - HSSFCell
cell = row.getCell((short) j);
3、设置sheet名称和单元格内容为中文
- wb.setSheetName(n,
"中文",HSSFCell.ENCODING_UTF_16); - cell.setEncoding((short)
1); - cell.setCellValue("中文");
4、单元格内容未公式或数值,可以这样读写
- cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC);
- cell.getNumericCellValue()
5、设置列宽、行高
- sheet.setColumnWidth((short)column,(short)width);
- row.setHeight((short)height);
6、添加区域,合并单元格
- Region
region = new Region((short)rowFrom,(short)columnFrom,(short)rowTo,(short)columnTo); - sheet.addMergedRegion(region);
- //得到所有区域
- sheet.getNumMergedRegions()
7、常用方法
根据单元格不同属性返回字符串数值
- public
String getCellStringValue(HSSFCell cell) { -
String cellValue = ""; -
switch (cell.getCellType()) { -
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING: -
cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue(); -
if(cellValue.trim().equals("")||cellValue.trim().length()<=0) -
cellValue=" "; -
break; -
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC: -
cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue()); -
break; -
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA: -
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC); -
cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue()); -
break; -
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK: -
cellValue=" "; -
break; -
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN: -
break; -
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR: -
break; -
default: -
break; -
} -
return cellValue; -
}
8、常用单元格边框格式
虚线HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_DOTTED
实线HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN
- public
static HSSFCellStyle getCellStyle(short type) -
{ -
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(); -
HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle(); -
style.setBorderBottom(type);//下边框 -
style.setBorderLeft(type);//左边框 -
style.setBorderRight(type);//右边框 -
style.setBorderTop(type);//上边框 -
return style; -
}
9、设置字体和内容位置
- HSSFFont
f = wb.createFont(); - f.setFontHeightInPoints((short)
11);//字号 - f.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);//加粗
- style.setFont(f);
- style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);//左右居中
- style.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);//上下居中
- style.setRotation(short
rotation);//单元格内容的旋转的角度 - HSSFDataFormat
df = wb.createDataFormat(); - style1.setDataFormat(df.getFormat("0.00%"));//设置单元格数据格式
- cell.setCellFormula(string);//给单元格设公式
- style.setRotation(short
rotation);//单元格内容的旋转的角度 - cell.setCellStyle(style);
10、插入图片
论坛里看到的
- //先把读进来的图片放到一个ByteArrayOutputStream中,以便产生ByteArray
-
ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); -
BufferedImage bufferImg = ImageIO.read(new File("ok.jpg")); -
ImageIO.write(bufferImg,"jpg",byteArrayOut); - //读进一个excel模版
- FileInputStream
fos = new FileInputStream(filePathName+"/stencil.xlt"); - fs
= new POIFSFileSystem(fos); - //创建一个工作薄
- HSSFWorkbook
wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs); - HSSFSheet
sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0); - HSSFPatriarch
patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch(); - HSSFClientAnchor
anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0,0,1023,255,(short) 0,0,(short)10,10); - patriarch.createPicture(anchor
, wb.addPicture(byteArrayOut.toByteArray(),HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));
11、设置列自动换行
单元格拷贝示例:
package testpoi;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.Region;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;
/**
* 将某SHEET页中的某几行复制到某SHEET页的某几行中。抱括被合并了的单元格。
*/
public class RowCopy {
/**
* @param args
* @throws IOException
* @throws FileNotFoundException
*/
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
POIFSFileSystem fs = new POIFSFileSystem(new FileInputStream(
"d:\\exlsample.xls"));
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);
// source为源sheet 页,target为目标sheet页
copyRows(wb, "source", "target", 5, 6, 20);
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("d:\\exlsample.xls");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.flush();
fileOut.close();
System.out.println("Operation finished");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* @param wb HSSFWorkbook
* @param pSourceSheetName 源sheet页名称
* @param pTargetSheetName 目标sheet页名称
* @param pStartRow 源sheet页中的起始行
* @param pEndRow 源sheet页中的结束行
* @param pPosition 目标sheet页中的开始行
*/
public static void copyRows(HSSFWorkbook wb, String pSourceSheetName,
String pTargetSheetName, int intStartRow, int intEndRow, int intPosition) {
// EXECL中的行是从1开始的,而POI中是从0开始的,所以这里要减1.
int pStartRow = intStartRow - 1;
int pEndRow = intEndRow - 1;
int pPosition = intPosition - 1;
HSSFRow sourceRow = null;
HSSFRow targetRow = null;
HSSFCell sourceCell = null;
HSSFCell targetCell = null;
HSSFSheet sourceSheet = null;
HSSFSheet targetSheet = null;
Region region = null;
int cType;
int i;
int j;
int targetRowFrom;
int targetRowTo;
if ((pStartRow == -1) || (pEndRow == -1)) {
return;
}
sourceSheet = wb.getSheet(pSourceSheetName);
targetSheet = wb.getSheet(pTargetSheetName);
System.out.println(sourceSheet.getNumMergedRegions());
// 拷贝合并的单元格
for (i = 0; i < sourceSheet.getNumMergedRegions(); i++) {
region = sourceSheet.getMergedRegionAt(i);
if ((region.getRowFrom() >= pStartRow)
&& (region.getRowTo() <= pEndRow)) {
targetRowFrom = region.getRowFrom() - pStartRow + pPosition;
targetRowTo = region.getRowTo() - pStartRow + pPosition;
region.setRowFrom(targetRowFrom);
region.setRowTo(targetRowTo);
targetSheet.addMergedRegion(region);
}
}
// 设置列宽
for (i = pStartRow; i <= pEndRow; i++) {
sourceRow = sourceSheet.getRow(i);
if (sourceRow != null) {
for (j = sourceRow.getLastCellNum(); j > sourceRow
.getFirstCellNum(); j--) {
targetSheet
.setColumnWidth(j, sourceSheet.getColumnWidth(j));
targetSheet.setColumnHidden(j, false);
}
break;
}
}
// 拷贝行并填充数据
for (; i <= pEndRow; i++) {
sourceRow = sourceSheet.getRow(i);
if (sourceRow == null) {
continue;
}
targetRow = targetSheet.createRow(i - pStartRow + pPosition);
targetRow.setHeight(sourceRow.getHeight());
for (j = sourceRow.getFirstCellNum(); j < sourceRow
.getPhysicalNumberOfCells(); j++) {
sourceCell = sourceRow.getCell(j);
if (sourceCell == null) {
continue;
}
targetCell = targetRow.createCell(j);
targetCell.setCellStyle(sourceCell.getCellStyle());
cType = sourceCell.getCellType();
targetCell.setCellType(cType);
switch (cType) {
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
targetCell.setCellValue(sourceCell.getBooleanCellValue());
System.out.println("--------TYPE_BOOLEAN:"
+ targetCell.getBooleanCellValue());
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR:
targetCell
.setCellErrorValue(sourceCell.getErrorCellValue());
System.out.println("--------TYPE_ERROR:"
+ targetCell.getErrorCellValue());
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA:
// parseFormula这个函数的用途在后面说明
targetCell.setCellFormula(parseFormula(sourceCell
.getCellFormula()));
System.out.println("--------TYPE_FORMULA:"
+ targetCell.getCellFormula());
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:
targetCell.setCellValue(sourceCell.getNumericCellValue());
System.out.println("--------TYPE_NUMERIC:"
+ targetCell.getNumericCellValue());
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:
targetCell
.setCellValue(sourceCell.getRichStringCellValue());
System.out.println("--------TYPE_STRING:" + i
+ targetCell.getRichStringCellValue());
break;
}
}
}
}
/**
* POI对Excel公式的支持是相当好的,但是有一个问题,如果公式里面的函数不带参数,比如now()或today(),
* 那么你通过getCellFormula()取出来的值就是now(ATTR(semiVolatile))和today(ATTR(semiVolatile)),
* 这样的值写入Excel是会出错的,这也是我上面copyRow的函数在写入公式前要调用parseFormula的原因,
* parseFormula这个函数的功能很简单,就是把ATTR(semiVolatile)删掉。
* @param pPOIFormula
* @return
*/
private static String parseFormula(String pPOIFormula) {
final String cstReplaceString = "ATTR(semiVolatile)"; //$NON-NLS-1$
StringBuffer result = null;
int index;
result = new StringBuffer();
index = pPOIFormula.indexOf(cstReplaceString);
if (index >= 0) {
result.append(pPOIFormula.substring(0, index));
result.append(pPOIFormula.substring(index
+ cstReplaceString.length()));
} else {
result.append(pPOIFormula);
}
return result.toString();
}
}