List在Python中的使用

List的基本方法：

list.append(x)
Add an item to the end of the list. Equivalent to a[len(a):] = [x].

list.extend(L)
Extend the list by appending all the items in the given list. Equivalent to a[len(a):] = L.

list.insert(i, x)
Insert an item at a given position. The first argument is the index of the element before which to insert, so a.insert(0, x) inserts at the front of the list, and a.insert(len(a), x) is equivalent to a.append(x).

list.remove(x)
Remove the first item from the list whose value is x. It is an error if there is no such item.

list.pop([i])
Remove the item at the given position in the list, and return it. If no index is specified, a.pop() removes and returns the last item in the list. (The square brackets around the i in the method signature denote that the parameter is optional, not that you should type square brackets at that position. You will see this notation frequently in the Python Library Reference.)

list.clear()
Remove all items from the list. Equivalent to del a[:].

list.index(x)
Return the index in the list of the first item whose value is x. It is an error if there is no such item.

list.count(x)
Return the number of times x appears in the list.

list.sort(key=None, reverse=False)
Sort the items of the list in place (the arguments can be used for sort customization, see sorted() for their explanation).

list.reverse()
Reverse the elements of the list in place.

list.copy()
Return a shallow copy of the list. Equivalent to a[:].

代码块

下面是一些方法的例子：

>>> a = [1, 3, 4, 1, 1]
>>> print(a.count(3), a.count(1), a.count('a'))
1 3 0
>>> a.insert(2, -1)
>>> a.append(3)
>>> a
[1, 3, -1, 4, 1, 1, 3]
>>> a.index(3)
1
>>> a.remove(3)
>>> a
[1, -1, 4, 1, 1, 3]
>>> a.reverse()
>>> a
[3, 1, 1, 4, -1, 1]
>>> a.sort()
>>> a
[-1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 4]
>>> a.pop()
4
>>> a
[-1, 1, 1, 1, 3]

注意：a.index(x)x必须包括在List中，如果不存在它会提示错误，
因此在应用过程需要先判断是否存在。
参考：More On Lists