一、环境设置
- wayne@wayne-pc:~/Android/source$ source build/envsetup.sh
- including device/htc/passion/vendorsetup.sh
- including device/samsung/crespo/vendorsetup.sh
- wayne@wayne-pc:~/Android/source$ lunch full-eng
在lunch时,如果提示permission denied权限不够的话,需要在源码根目录下执行,赋予目录下所有文件权限
- wayne@wayne-pc:~/Android/source$ sudo chmod -R 777 *
这时候会lunch指令会打印出如下所示文段:
- ============================================
- PLATFORM_VERSION_CODENAME=REL
- PLATFORM_VERSION=2.3.3
- TARGET_PRODUCT=full
- TARGET_BUILD_VARIANT=eng
- TARGET_SIMULATOR=false
- TARGET_BUILD_TYPE=release
- TARGET_BUILD_APPS=
- TARGET_ARCH=arm
- HOST_ARCH=x86
- HOST_OS=linux
- HOST_BUILD_TYPE=release
- BUILD_ID=GRI40
- ============================================
二.开始编译
编译过程可能会出现许多错误而中止,在此wayne将会把所有遇到的问题以及解决方法一一贴出来,以供以后参考。
1.Q:
- wayne@wayne-pc:~/Android/source$ make -j2
- ============================================
- PLATFORM_VERSION_CODENAME=REL
- PLATFORM_VERSION=2.3.3
- TARGET_PRODUCT=full
- TARGET_BUILD_VARIANT=eng
- TARGET_SIMULATOR=false
- TARGET_BUILD_TYPE=release
- TARGET_BUILD_APPS=
- TARGET_ARCH=arm
- HOST_ARCH=x86
- HOST_OS=linux
- HOST_BUILD_TYPE=release
- BUILD_ID=GRI40
- ============================================
- Checking build tools versions...
- build/core/main.mk:76: ************************************************************
- build/core/main.mk:77: You are attempting to build on a 32-bit system.
- build/core/main.mk:78: Only 64-bit build environments are supported beyond froyo/2.2.
- build/core/main.mk:79: ************************************************************
- build/core/main.mk:80: *** stop。 停止。
解决方法:cd到源码根目录,执行:
- $ gedit build/core/main.mk
找到
- ifneq (64,$(findstring 64,$(build_arch)))
将其修改为
- ifneq (i686,$(findstring i686,$(build_arch)))
然后依次修改以下四个make文件:
将其中的
- external/clearsilver/cgi/Android.mk
- external/clearsilver/java-jni/Android.mk
- external/clearsilver/util/Android.mk
- external/clearsilver/cs/Android.mk
修改为
- LOCAL_CFLAGS += -m64
- LOCAL_LDFLAGS += -m64
2.Q:
- LOCAL_CFLAGS += -m32
- LOCAL_LDFLAGS += -m32
解决方法:
- frameworks/base/libs/utils/RefBase.cpp:483:67: error: passing ‘const android::RefBase::weakref_impl’ as ‘this’ argument of ‘void android::RefBase::weakref_impl::trackMe(bool, bool)’ discards qualifiers [-fpermissive]
- make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libutils_intermediates/RefBase.o] Error 1
修改以下语句
- $ gedit frameworks/base/libs/utils/Android.mk
为
- LOCAL_CFLAGS += -DLIBUTILS_NATIVE=1 $(TOOL_CFLAGS)
3.Q:
- LOCAL_CFLAGS += -DLIBUTILS_NATIVE=1 $(TOOL_CFLAGS) –fpermissive
如果之前的依赖包都已经安装成功的话,此处应该是交叉编译工具权限的问题。这个问题只要在文章开头lunch时执行了赋予权限命令,就应该不会遇到了。
- arm-eabi-gcc: error trying to exec 'cc1': execvp: No such file or directory
- make: *** [out/target/product/generic/obj/lib/crtbegin_dynamic.o] Error 1
4.Q:
- <command-line>:0:0: error: "_FORTIFY_SOURCE" redefined [-Werror]
- <built-in>:0:0: note: this is the location of the previous definition
- cc1plus: all warnings being treated as errors
- make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/obbtool_intermediates/Main.o] Error 1
此处编译错误是由于ubuntu 11.10采用了GCC4.6.1导致的。
解决方法:
修改源码目录下/build/core/combo/HOST_linux-x86.mk文件:
将以下语句
修改为
- HOST_GLOBAL_CFLAGS += -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=0
- HOST_GLOBAL_CFLAGS += -U_FORTIFY_SOURCE -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=0
编译时还有可能出现类似的错误,根据错误提示的关键词比如g++错误、jre错误等,都是些细节问题,比较好解决。
经过两小时左右的等待后,终于顺利完成。编译成功后会生成system.img等镜像文件,下面是编译完成提示:
- Target system fs image: out/target/product/generic/obj/PACKAGING/systemimage_intermediates/system.img
- Install system fs image: out/target/product/generic/system.img
- Installed file list: out/target/product/generic/installed-files.txt
5.Q出现如下错误:在android源码文件中找到 "external/mesa3d/src/glsl/linker.cpp"这个文件,添加#include <stddef.h>头文件就可以!
- hash_table*)::remap_visitor::visit(ir_dereference_variable*)’ [-Woverloaded-virtual]
- external/mesa3d/src/glsl/linker.cpp: In function ‘void assign_varying_locations(gl_shader_program*, gl_shader*, gl_shader*)’:
- external/mesa3d/src/glsl/linker.cpp:1394:49: error: expected primary-expression before ‘,’ token
- external/mesa3d/src/glsl/linker.cpp:1394:50: error: ‘varyings’ was not declared in this scope
- external/mesa3d/src/glsl/linker.cpp:1394:58: error: ‘offsetof’ was not declared in this scope
- external/mesa3d/src/glsl/linker.cpp:1395:48: error: expected primary-expression before ‘,’ token
- external/mesa3d/src/glsl/linker.cpp:1412:47: error: expected primary-expression before ‘,’ token
- external/mesa3d/src/glsl/linker.cpp:1412:48: error: ‘position’ was not declared in this scope
- external/mesa3d/src/glsl/linker.cpp:1414:47: error: expected primary-expression before ‘,’ token
- external/mesa3d/src/glsl/linker.cpp:1414:48: error: ‘pointSize’ was not declared in this scope
- external/mesa3d/src/glsl/linker.cpp:1424:47: error: expected primary-expression before ‘,’ token
- external/mesa3d/src/glsl/linker.cpp:1424:48: error: ‘position’ was not declared in this scope
- external/mesa3d/src/glsl/linker.cpp:1428:47: error: expected primary-expression before ‘,’ token
- external/mesa3d/src/glsl/linker.cpp:1428:48: error: ‘frontFacingPointCoord’ was not declared in this scope
- external/mesa3d/src/glsl/linker.cpp:1431:47: error: expected primary-expression before ‘,’ token
- external/mesa3d/src/glsl/linker.cpp:1431:48: error: ‘frontFacingPointCoord’ was not declared in this scope
- external/mesa3d/src/glsl/linker.cpp: In function ‘void link_shaders(const gl_context*, gl_shader_program*)’:
- external/mesa3d/src/glsl/linker.cpp:1734:49: error: expected primary-expression before ‘,’ token
- external/mesa3d/src/glsl/linker.cpp:1734:50: error: ‘fragColor’ was not declared in this scope
- external/mesa3d/src/glsl/linker.cpp:1734:59: error: ‘offsetof’ was not declared in this scope
- make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libMesa_intermediates/src/glsl/linker.o] Error 1
6Q:
现象:
<command-line>:0:0: error: "_FORTIFY_SOURCE" redefined [-Werror]
<built-in>:0:0: note: this is the location of the previous definition
cc1plus: all warnings being treated as errors
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/obbtool_intermediates/Main.o] Error 1
原因:
此处编译错误是由于ubuntu 11.10采用了GCC4.6.1导致的。
解决方法:
使用gcc4.4.6版本进行编译.7Q:
现象:
In file included from external/oprofile/libpp/arrange_profiles.cpp:24:0:
external/oprofile/libpp/format_output.h:94:22: error: reference ‘counts’ c-fpermissiveannot be declared ‘mutable’ [-fpermissive]
host C++: liboprofile_pp <= external/oprofile/libpp/callgraph_container.cpp
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/liboprofile_pp_intermediates/arrange_profiles.o] Error 1
make: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
解决:
使用gcc4.4.6版本进行编译.
ubuntu 11.10的gcc版本是4.6.1,版本太高,编译android时出错,要把gcc版本改为4.4.6, 4.5的版本据说可以,但没试过.
通 过gcc -v命令可以发现gcc库在/usr/lib/gcc/i686-linux-gnu目录下,该目录下有当前系统支持的各种版本gcc库 。在安装gcc 4.4前该目录下是没有4.4目录的,安装gcc 4.4后该目录下就会多出4.4这个目录,且该4.4目录下有各种相应库文件。
ubuntu 32bit系统下安装gcc 4.4的最好方法是仅用以下两条命令,不需要其它命令,否则编译时可能会出错。
sudo apt-get install gcc-4.4
sudo apt-get install g++-4.4
装完后在/usr/bin目录下
$ ls -l gcc*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 2011-10-29 09:11 gcc -> gcc-4.6
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 224544 2011-10-06 05:47 gcc-4.4
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 302104 2011-09-17 05:43 gcc-4.6
发现gcc 链接到gcc-4.6, 需要将它改为链接到gcc-4.4 :
sudo mv gcc gcc.bak
sudo ln -s gcc-4.4 gcc
同理
ls -l g++*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 2011-08-14 15:17 g++ -> g++-4.6
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 228640 2011-10-06 05:45 g++-4.4
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 306200 2011-09-17 05:39 g++-4.6
需要将g++链接改为g++-4.4:
/usr/bin$ sudo mv g++ g++.bak
/usr/bin$sudo ln -s g++-4.4 g++
再查看gcc和g++版本号:
gcc -v
g++ -v
均显示gcc version 4.4.6 ,说明gcc 4.4安装成功。三、启动所编译的系统
编译完之后会在out/target/product/generic目录下生成system.img ramdisk.img userdata.img三个镜像文件。
在启动模拟器之前,需要先为模拟器系统设置环境变量,执行gedit ~/.bashrc,新增环境变量如下:
最后,同步这些变化并启动模拟器:
- export ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT=~/Android/source/out/target/product/generic
- ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT_BIN=~/Android/source/out/host/linux-x86/bin
- export PATH=${PATH}:${ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT_BIN}:${ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT};
加载上我们所编译出来的系统文件,终于出现了期待已久的模拟器.
- $ source ~/.bashrc
- $ cd ~/Android/source/out/target/product/generic
- $ emulator -system system.img -data userdata.img -ramdisk ramdisk.img
到这里,源码编译就完成了,接下来就可以进行自己的改动测试了 问题补充 错误1:
| |||
解决方法:$ sudo apt-get install bison
2、问题二:
You are attempting to build with the incorrect version of java.
Your version is: /bin/bash: java: 未找到命令.
The correct version is: 1.5.
解决方法:
注意:必须使用1.5的JDK版本。不能使用1.6等其他版本。
(1) 下载
在sun官网上下载jdk-1_5_0_22-linux-i586.bin。注意不是jdk-1_5_0_22-linux-i586rpm.bin
(2) 部署
进入jdk-1_5_0_22-linux-i586.bin所在目录
cd ~
赋予该bin文件可执行属性
chmod +x jdk-1_5_0_22-linux-i586.bin
一直回车跳过协议到最后一行:
Do you agree to the above license terms? [yes or no]
键入yes回车,开始解压。默认解压到当前目录下的jdk1.5.0_22目录里。
(3) 配置环境变量
执行$gedit ~/.bashrc打开.bashrc文件。
修改./bashrc文件,在文件末尾添加
#set java environment
JAVA_HOME=“你的路径”/jdk1.5.0_10
export JRE_HOME=“你的路径”/jdk1.5.0_10/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH
保存并关闭文件。
在终端执行source ~/.bashrc刷新该配置
使用java –version检查JDK是否配置正确。
3、问题三:
host c++: libhost <= build/libs/host/pseudolocalize.cpp/bin/bash: g++: 未找到命令
make: ***[out/host/linux-x86/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libhost_intermediates/pseudolocalize.o] 错误 127
解决方法:$ sudo apt-get install build-essential
4、问题四:
external/clearsilver/cgi/cgi.c:22:18: 致命错误: zlib.h: 没有那个文件或目录编译终端。
make: ***[out/host/linux-x86/obj/SHARED_LIBRARIES/libneo_cgi_intermediates/cgi.o] 错误 1
解决方法:$ sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev
5、问题五:
make: ***[out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/aapt_intermediates/appt] 错误 1
解决方法:
打开Android.mk文件
$gedit frameworks/base/tools/aapt/Android.mk
编辑下面一行:
ifeq ($(HOST_OS),linux)
#LOCAL_LDLIBS += -lrt 把这行注释掉,改为下面一行。
LOCAL_LDLIBS += -lrt -lpthread
endif
6、问题六:
host c: adb<= system/core/adb/fdevent.c
host Executable:adb (out/host/linux-86/obj/EXECUTABLES/adb_intermediates/adb)/user/bin/ld: cannot find –lncurses
collect2: ld 返回 1
make: ***[out/host/linux-86/obj/EXECUTABLES/adb_intermediates/adb] 错误 1
解决方法:$sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev
7、问题七:
make: ***[out/target/product/sam9g45/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libwebcore_intermediates/WebCore/css/CSSPropertyNames.h] 错误 25
解决方法:$sudo apt-get install gpert
8、问题八:
host C++: libutils <= frameworks/base/libs/utils/RefBase.cpp
frameworks/base/libs/utils/RefBase.cpp: In member function ‘void android::RefBase::weakref_type::trackMe(bool, bool)’:
frameworks/base/libs/utils/RefBase.cpp:483:67: error: passing ‘const android::RefBase::weakref_impl’ as ‘this’ argument of ‘void android::RefBase::weakref_impl::trackMe(bool, bool)’ discards qualifiers [-fpermissive]
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/STATIC_LIBRARIES/libutils_intermediates/RefBase.o] 错误 1
解决方法:
打开Android.mk
$ gedit frameworks/base/libs/utils/Android.mk
将下面这一行
LOCAL_CFLAGS += -DLIBUTILS_NATIVE=1 $(TOOL_CFLAGS)
改为
LOCAL_CFLAGS += -DLIBUTILS_NATIVE=1 $(TOOL_CFLAGS) -fpermissive
9、问题九:
make: ***[out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/emulator_intermediates/android/skin/window.o] Error 1
解决方法:$ sudo apt-get install libx11-dev
10、问题十:
make: *** [out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/localize_intermediates/localize] 错误 1
解决方法:
打开Android.mk:
$gedit ./framework/base/tools/localize/Android.mk文件(注意与问题五中的文件是不同文件)
编辑下面一行:
ifeq ($(HOST_OS),linux)
#LOCAL_LDLIBS += -lrt 把这行注释掉,改为下面一行。
LOCAL_LDLIBS += -lrt –lpthread
转载请注明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/pku_android
11、问题十一:
make: ***[out/host/linux-x86/obj/EXECUTABLES/accRuntimeTest_intermediates/accRuntimeTest] 错误 1
解决方法:
打开Android.mk:
$gedit system/core/libacc/tests/Android.mk(注意与问题五和问题十不是同一个文件)
将以下缺少的语句添加进去:
LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := \
libacc
LOCAL_LDLIBS += -ldl
LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := tests
在include $(BUILD_HOST_EXECUTABLE)下面添加以下缺少的语句:
LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := \
libacc
LOCAL_LDLIBS += -ldl
LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := tests