oracle的转义字符

Oracle的转义字符需要用ESCAPE函数来定义，小小学习一下：

SQL> create table t_char(a varchar2(20));

SQL> insert into t_char values('a_b');

SQL> insert into t_char values('acb');

SQL> insert into t_char values('a%b');

SQL> insert into t_char values('a''b');

SQL> insert into t_char values('a/b');

SQL> insert into t_char values('a\b');

SQL> insert into t_char values('%');

SQL> insert into t_char values('_');

SQL> insert into t_char values('a');

SQL> commit;

1.SQL> select * from t_char;

A
--------------------
a_b
acb
a%b
a'b
a/b
a\b
%
_
a

2.SQL> select * from t_char where a like'a_b';

A
--------------------
a_b
acb
a%b
a'b
a/b
a\b

3.SQL> select * from t_char where a like 'a\_b' escape '\';

A
--------------------
a_b

--可见要查询含有通配字符的字符串，必须要使用escape函数

4.SQL> select * from t_char where a like 'a\'b' escape '\';
ERROR:
ORA-01756: quoted string not properly terminated

5.SQL> select * from t_char where a like 'a''b' escape '\';

A
--------------------
a'b

--但是字符 ' 还是需要用两个 '' 来代替字符串中的单引号

6.SQL> select * from t_char where a like 'ax_b' escape 'x';

A
--------------------
a_b

7.SQL> select * from t_char where a like 'a''_b' escape '''';

A
--------------------
a_b

8.SQL> select * from t_char where a like 'a_%b' escape '_';

A
--------------------
a%b

--可以用其他字符，甚至是“'”、“_”、“%”来用作转义字符，但是一般都使用\，以免发生逻辑错误

9.SQL> select * from t_char where a like 'a\/b' escape '\';
select * from t_char where a like 'a\/b' escape '\'
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01424: missing or illegal character following the escape character

10.SQL> select * from t_char where a like 'a_/b' escape '_';
select * from t_char where a like 'a_/b' escape '_'
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01424: missing or illegal character following the escape character

11.SQL> select * from t_char where a like 'a//b' escape '/';

A
--------------------
a/b

12.SQL> select * from t_char where a like 'a/\b' escape '/';
select * from t_char where a like 'a/\b' escape '/'
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01424: missing or illegal character following the escape character

13.SQL> select * from t_char where alike 'a\\b' escape '\';

A
--------------------
a\b

--要搜索"/"或者"\"则必须使用与之相同的符号作为转义字符，否则无效

基本上的使用方法就是这些了，还需要注意一点，这里的escape函数，和sqlplus中的escape环境参数·毫·无·关·系·