作者:mingjava 文章来源:http://www.j2medev.com/Article/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=46 在开发J2ME联网应用程序中介绍了如何通过Http协议进行联网,通常我们把通过Http联网叫做高级联网,在这片文章中我们讲述如何使用Socket在TCP/IP层进行联网操作。如果你还不清楚J2ME平台的通用联网框架,那么请参考介绍J2ME通用联网框架。 在MIDP2.0中提供了如下重要的类对TCP/IP和UDP进行支持。 javax.microedition.io.SocketConnection javax.microedition.io.ServerSocketConnection javax.microedition.io.UDPDatagramConnection 今天主要讲述在客户端使用SocketConnection和TCP/IP服务器进行通信,后面的两个类将在后续的文章中介绍,SocketConnection定义了socket流连接。调用Connector.open("socket://host:port")会返回一个SocketConnection的实例。通过调用socket.openInputStream()和socket.openOutputStream()两个方法我们将得到InputStream和OutputStream的实例,这样我们就可以和服务器进行通信了,如下所示: SocketConnection client = (SocketConnection) Connector.open("socket://" + hostname + ":" + port); client.setSocketOption(DELAY, 0); client.setSocketOption(KEEPALIVE, 0); InputStream is = client.openInputStream(); OutputStream os = client.openOutputStream(); os.write("some string".getBytes()); int c = 0; while((c = is.read()) != -1) { // do something with the response } is.close(); os.close(); client.close(); 注意在联网的时候我们还是必须要在另一个线程内进行联网操作,而不能再主线程进行。这样的目的是为了避免用户界面的堵塞。通常我们可以定义一个类扩展Thread类并提供一个把MIDlet作为参数的构造器,为了提高效率我们通过使用wait()和notify()方法,这样只有在用户按下按钮的时候,线程才被唤醒去执行联网操作,否则再启动后他一直出去"wait"的状态。 class CommandThread extends Thread { MIDlet parent; StreamConnection socket = null; InputStream is = null; boolean exit = false; public CommandThread(MIDlet parent) { this.parent = parent; } public void run() { while (!exit) { synchronized(parent) { while(!commandAvailable) { try { parent.wait(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { } } }
...................... .................. TCP/IP服务器的写法和一般的服务器写法是一样的,因此不再多介绍。如果有问题可以参考java.net包的内容。下面通过例子演示一下,我们构建一个时间服务器,在手机端来通过socket访问并得到当前时间显示在屏幕上。代码如下: import java.io.BufferedOutputStream; import java.io.DataOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.net.Socket; import java.net.ServerSocket; import java.util.Date; public class DayTimeServer { public static void main(String args[]) { int dayTimePort = 13; if (args.length == 1) { try { dayTimePort = Integer.parseInt(args[0]); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { System.out.println("invalid port number"); System.exit(0); } } ServerSocket serverSocket = null; Socket sock; DataOutputStream dataout; try { serverSocket = new ServerSocket(dayTimePort); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); e.printStackTrace(); System.exit(0); } while (true) { try { sock = serverSocket.accept(); dataout = new DataOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream (sock.getOutputStream())); String dateString = new Date().toString(); dataout.write(dateString.getBytes(),0,dateString.length()); dataout.flush(); sock.close(); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); e.printStackTrace(); } } } }
import javax.microedition.midlet.*; import javax.microedition.lcdui.*; import java.io.*; import javax.microedition.io.*;
public class DayTimeClient extends javax.microedition.midlet.MIDlet implements CommandListener { Display display; private boolean commandAvailable; CommandThread commandThread; List menu; Form outputForm; StringItem dt; Command cmdBack; Command cmdExit; private static final String PROTOCOL = "socket:"; private String dayTimeURL; public void startApp() { String host = getAppProperty("HOST"); String port = getAppProperty("DAYTIME_PORT"); try { (Integer.parseInt(port)); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { destroyApp(false); notifyDestroyed(); } dayTimeURL = PROTOCOL + "//" + host + ":" + port; display = Display.getDisplay(this); outputForm = new Form("Date/Time"); dt = new StringItem(null,null); outputForm.append(dt); cmdBack = new Command("Back",Command.BACK,1); outputForm.addCommand(cmdBack); cmdExit = new Command("Exit",Command.EXIT,1); outputForm.addCommand(cmdExit); outputForm.setCommandListener(this); menu = new List("Menu",List.IMPLICIT); menu.append("Get Date/Time",null); menu.append("Exit",null); menu.setCommandListener(this); display.setCurrent(menu); commandAvailable = false; commandThread = new CommandThread(this); commandThread.start(); } public void pauseApp() { } public void destroyApp(boolean unconditional) { } public void commandAction(Command cmd, Displayable d) { if (cmd == cmdExit) { destroyApp(false); notifyDestroyed(); } else if (cmd == cmdBack) { display.setCurrent(menu); } else if ((d == menu) && (cmd == List.SELECT_COMMAND)) { synchronized (this) { commandAvailable = true; notify(); } } } class CommandThread extends Thread { MIDlet parent; StreamConnection socket = null; InputStream is = null; boolean exit = false; public CommandThread(MIDlet parent) { this.parent = parent; } public void run() { while (!exit) { synchronized(parent) { while(!commandAvailable) { try { parent.wait(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { } } } commandAvailable = false; switch (menu.getSelectedIndex()) { case 0: getDate(); break; case 1: exit = true; } } destroyApp(false); notifyDestroyed(); } public void getDate() { try { socket = (StreamConnection)Connector.open(dayTimeURL, Connector.READ, true); is = socket.openInputStream(); } catch (Exception e) { } try { int b; StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); while ( (b = is.read()) != -1) { sb.append((char)b); } socket.close(); dt.setText(sb.toString()); display.setCurrent(outputForm); } catch (Exception e) { } } } }
你需要在jad文件中定义两个属性值,当然你也可以直接写在源代码中 DAYTIME_PORT: 13 HOST: 127.0.0.1 |