spring发布和接收定制的事件(spring事件传播)

Spring事件处理一般过程：

◆定义Event类，继承org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent。
◆编写发布事件类Publisher，实现org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware接口。
◆覆盖方法setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext)和发布方法publish(Object obj)。
◆定义时间监听类EventListener，实现ApplicationListener接口，实现方法onApplicationEvent(ApplicationEvent event)。

1.发布

    1.1事件的发布者需要实现的接口

        org.springframework.context.ApplicationEventPublisherAware

    1.2 代码示例  

<p><span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> org</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">springframework</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">context</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="typ">ApplicationEventPublisher</span><span class="pun">;</span>
<span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> org</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">springframework</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">context</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="typ">ApplicationEventPublisherAware</span><span class="pun">;</span>

<span class="com">/**</span>
<span class="com"> * </span>
<span class="com"> * @author zq</span>
<span class="com"> *</span>
<span class="com"> */</span>
<span class="kwd">public</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">class</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">HelloWorld</span><span class="pln"> </span><span style="color:#ff0000;"><span class="kwd">implements</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">ApplicationEventPublisherAware</span></span><span class="pun">{</span>
<span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">private</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">String</span><span class="pln"> word</span><span class="pun">;</span>
<span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">private</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">ApplicationEventPublisher</span><span class="pln"> tradeEventPublisher</span><span class="pun">;</span>

<span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">public</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">void</span><span class="pln"> setWord</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="typ">String</span><span class="pln"> w</span><span class="pun">){</span>
<span class="pln">  </span><span class="kwd">this</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">word </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> w</span><span class="pun">;</span>
<span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">}</span>
<span class="pln"> </span>
<span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">public</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">void</span><span class="pln"> say</span><span class="pun">(){</span>
<span class="pln">  </span><span class="typ">System</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="kwd">out</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">println</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">"say : "</span><span class="pun">+</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">this</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">word</span><span class="pun">);</span>
<span class="pln">  </span><span style="color:#ff0000;"><span class="com">//construct a TradeEvent instance and publish it</span>
<span class="pln">  </span><span class="typ">TradeEvent</span><span class="pln"> tradeEvent </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">new</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">TradeEvent</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="kwd">new</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">String</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">"tradeEvent"</span><span class="pun">));</span>
<span class="pln">  </span><span class="kwd">this</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">tradeEventPublisher</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">publishEvent</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">tradeEvent</span><span class="pun">);</span></span>
<span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">}</span>

<span class="pln"> </span><span class="lit">@Override</span>
<span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">public</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">void</span><span class="pln"> setApplicationEventPublisher</span><span class="pun">(</span>
<span class="pln">   </span><span class="typ">ApplicationEventPublisher</span><span class="pln"> applicationEventPublisher</span><span class="pun">)</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span>
<span class="pln">  </span><span class="com">// TODO Auto-generated method stub</span>
<span class="pln">  </span><span class="kwd">this</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">tradeEventPublisher </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> applicationEventPublisher</span><span class="pun">;</span>
<span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">}</span>
<span class="pun">}</span></p>

2.接受事件

  2.1需要实现的接口org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener

  2.2代码示例

<p><span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> org</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">springframework</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">context</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="typ">ApplicationEvent</span><span class="pun">;</span>
<span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> org</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">springframework</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">context</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="typ">ApplicationListener</span><span class="pun">;</span>
<span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> org</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">springframework</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">context</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="kwd">event</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="typ">ContextStartedEvent</span><span class="pun">;</span>

<span class="kwd">public</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">class</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">TradeContextListener</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">implements</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">ApplicationListener</span><span class="pun">{</span>

<span class="pln"> </span><span class="lit">@Override</span>
<span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">public</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">void</span><span class="pln"> onApplicationEvent</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="typ">ApplicationEvent</span><span class="pln"> e</span><span class="pun">)</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span>
<span class="pln">  </span>
<span class="pln">  </span><span class="typ">System</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="kwd">out</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">println</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">e</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">getClass</span><span class="pun">().</span><span class="pln">toString</span><span class="pun">());</span>
<span class="pln">  </span><span class="com">// TODO Auto-generated method stub</span>
<span class="pln">  </span><span class="kwd">if</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">e </span><span class="kwd">instanceof</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">ContextStartedEvent</span><span class="pun">){</span>
<span class="pln">   </span><span class="typ">System</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="kwd">out</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">println</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">"it was contextStartedEvent"</span><span class="pun">);</span>
<span class="pln">  </span><span class="pun">}</span>
<span class="pln">  </span>
<span class="pln">  </span><span class="kwd">if</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">e </span><span class="kwd">instanceof</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">TradeEvent</span><span class="pun">){</span>
<span class="pln">   </span><span class="typ">System</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="kwd">out</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">println</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="pln">e</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">getSource</span><span class="pun">());</span>
<span class="pln">  </span><span class="pun">}</span>
<span class="pln">  </span>
<span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">}</span>

<span class="pun">}</span></p>

3配置文件

<p><span class="pun"><?</span><span class="pln">xml version</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="str">"1.0"</span><span class="pln"> encoding</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="str">"utf-8"</span><span class="pun">?></span>
<span class="dec"><!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"></span>
<span class="tag"><beans></span>
<span class="pln"> </span><span class="tag"><bean</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">name</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"helloWorld"</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">class</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"study.HelloWorld"</span><span class="tag">></span>
<span class="pln">  </span><span class="tag"><property</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">name</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"word"</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">value</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"hello world"</span><span class="tag">/></span>
<span class="pln"> </span><span class="tag"></bean></span>

<span class="pln"> </span><span class="tag"><bean</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">id</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"tradeContextListener"</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="atn">class</span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="atv">"study.TradeContextListener"</span><span class="tag">/></span>
<span class="tag"></beans></span></p>

4.测试代码

<p><span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> org</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">springframework</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">context</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="typ">ApplicationContext</span><span class="pun">;</span>
<span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> org</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">springframework</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">context</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">support</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="typ">ClassPathXmlApplicationContext</span><span class="pun">;</span>

<span class="kwd">import</span><span class="pln"> study</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="typ">HelloWorld</span><span class="pun">;</span>
<span class="kwd">public</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">class</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">TestHelloWorld</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span>

<span class="pln"> </span><span class="com">/**</span>
<span class="com">  * @param args</span>
<span class="com">  */</span>
<span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">public</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">static</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">void</span><span class="pln"> main</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="typ">String</span><span class="pun">[]</span><span class="pln"> args</span><span class="pun">)</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">{</span>
<span class="pln">  </span><span class="com">// TODO Auto-generated method stub</span>
<span class="pln">  </span>
<span class="pln">  </span><span class="typ">ApplicationContext</span><span class="pln"> applicationContext </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="kwd">new</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="typ">ClassPathXmlApplicationContext</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">"study-context.xml"</span><span class="pun">);</span>
<span class="pln">  </span><span class="typ">HelloWorld</span><span class="pln"> bean </span><span class="pun">=</span><span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="typ">HelloWorld</span><span class="pun">)</span><span class="pln">applicationContext</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">getBean</span><span class="pun">(</span><span class="str">"helloWorld"</span><span class="pun">);</span>
<span class="pln">  bean</span><span class="pun">.</span><span class="pln">say</span><span class="pun">();</span>
<span class="pln"> </span><span class="pun">}</span>

<span class="pun">}</span></p>

 

Spring中ApplicationContext的事件机制--- 内定事件)

在Spring中已经定义了五个标准事件，分别介绍如下：

1)      ContextRefreshedEvent：当ApplicationContext初始化或者刷新时触发该事件。

2)      ContextClosedEvent：当ApplicationContext被关闭时触发该事件。容器被关闭时，其管理的所有单例Bean都被销毁。

3)      RequestHandleEvent：在Web应用中，当一个http请求（request）结束触发该事件。

ContestStartedEvent：Spring2.5新增的事件，当容器调用ConfigurableApplicationContext的Start()方法开始/重新开始容器时触发该事件。

5) ContestStopedEvent：Spring2.5新增的事件，当容器调用ConfigurableApplicationContext的Stop()方法停止容器时触发该事件。

下面通过一个例子展示如何处理Spring内定的事件（例程3.8）。创建一个Java工程，添加Spring开发能力后，新建ioc.test包。在包中新建ApplicationEventListener类，实现ApplicationListener接口，在onApplicationEvent()方法中添加事件处理代码，如下：

1 package ioc.test;
2
3 // Import省略
4 public class ApplicationEventListener implements ApplicationListener {
5
6 public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationEvent event) {
7
8 // 如果是容器刷新事件
9 if (event instanceof ContextClosedEvent ){
10             System.out.println(event.getClass().getSimpleName() + " 事件已发生！ " );   
11         } else if (event instanceof ContextRefreshedEvent ){ // 如果是容器关闭事件
12             System.out.println(event.getClass().getSimpleName() + " 事件已发生！ " );   
13         } else if (event instanceof ContextStartedEvent ){
14             System.out.println(event.getClass().getSimpleName() + " 事件已发生！ " );
15         } else if (event instanceof ContextStoppedEvent){
16             System.out.println(event.getClass().getSimpleName() + " 事件已发生！ " );
17         } else {
18             System.out.println( " 有其它事件发生: " + event.getClass().getName());
19         }
20                    
21     }
22
23 }
24

在Spring配置文件中定义一个Bean，类为ApplicationEventListener，代码如下：

1 <? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
2 < beans …………   
3
4    <bean id ="ApplicationEventListener" class ="ioc.test.ApplicationEventListener" />
5
6 </ beans >
7

添加含有主方法的TesMain类，在主方法中，调用容器的相应方法，触发Spring内定事件，代码如下：

1 package ioc.test;
2
3 // import省略
4 public class TesMain {
5
6 public static void main(String[] args) {
7         AbstractApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( " applicationContext.xml " );
8        
9
10 //     ac.refresh(); // 触发ContextRefreshedEvent事件           
11         ac.start(); // 触发ContextStartedEvent事件
12         ac.stop();  // 触发ContextStoppedEvent事件       
13         ac.close(); // 关闭容器，触发ContextClosedEvent事件
14
15     }
16 }
17

运行主类，控制台输出如下：

从例子中可以知道，要注册事件监听器，我们只需要把它配置成一个Bean即可，ApplicationContext容器会自动将其注册。