更新python pip 时提示操作超时错误

C:\Users\Administrator>python -m pip install --upgrade pip
Collecting pip
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/54/0c/d01aa759fdc501a58f431eb594a17495f15b88da142ce14b5845662c13f3/pip-20.0.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.4MB)
|████ | 184kB 6.6kB/s eta 0:03:12ERROR: Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\urllib3\response.py”, line 397, in _error_catcher
yield
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\urllib3\response.py”, line 479, in read
data = self._fp.read(amt)
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\cachecontrol\filewrapper.py”, line 62, in read
data = self.__fp.read(amt)
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\http\client.py”, line 454, in read
n = self.readinto(b)
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\http\client.py”, line 498, in readinto
n = self.fp.readinto(b)
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\socket.py”, line 669, in readinto
return self._sock.recv_into(b)
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\ssl.py”, line 1241, in recv_into
return self.read(nbytes, buffer)
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\ssl.py”, line 1099, in read
return self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
socket.timeout: The read operation timed out

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\cli\base_command.py”, line 188, in main
status = self.run(options, args)
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\commands\install.py”, line 345, in run
resolver.resolve(requirement_set)
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\legacy_resolve.py”, line 196, in resolve
self._resolve_one(requirement_set, req)
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\legacy_resolve.py”, line 359, in _resolve_one
abstract_dist = self._get_abstract_dist_for(req_to_install)
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\legacy_resolve.py”, line 305, in _get_abstract_dist_for
abstract_dist = self.preparer.prepare_linked_requirement(
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\operations\prepare.py”, line 195, in prepare_linked_requirement
unpack_url(
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\download.py”, line 1058, in unpack_url
unpack_http_url(
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\download.py”, line 920, in unpack_http_url
from_path, content_type = _download_http_url(link,
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\download.py”, line 1152, in _download_http_url
_download_url(resp, link, content_file, hashes, progress_bar)
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\download.py”, line 861, in _download_url
hashes.check_against_chunks(downloaded_chunks)
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\utils\hashes.py”, line 75, in check_against_chunks
for chunk in chunks:
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\download.py”, line 829, in written_chunks
for chunk in chunks:
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\utils\ui.py”, line 156, in iter
for x in it:
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip_internal\download.py”, line 794, in resp_read
for chunk in resp.raw.stream(
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\urllib3\response.py”, line 531, in stream
data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\urllib3\response.py”, line 496, in read
raise IncompleteRead(self._fp_bytes_read, self.length_remaining)
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\contextlib.py”, line 131, in exit
self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
File “D:\ProgramFiles\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\pip_vendor\urllib3\response.py”, line 402, in _error_catcher
raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, ‘Read timed out.’)
pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host=‘files.pythonhosted.org’, port=443): Read timed out.

出现上述问题时，输入下述指令：

python -m pip install --upgrade pip -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/

即可完成更新，在win7 32bit系统下亲测可用