JS数组操作(数组增加、删除、翻转、转字符串、取索引、截取(切片)slice、剪接splice、数组合并)

POP 删除最后一项

删除最后一项,并返回删除元素的值；如果数组为空则返回undefine

var a = [1,2,3,4,5];
a.pop();//a：[1, 2, 3, 4]
a.pop();//a：[1, 2, 3]
a.pop();//a：[1, 2]

shift 删除第一项

删除原数组第一项，并返回删除元素的值；如果数组为空则返回undefine

var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; 
a.shift(); //a：[2,3,4,5]
a.shift(); //a：[3, 4, 5]

push 增加到最后

并返回新数组长度；

var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; 
a.push(6);//[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
aa.push('xx');//[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, "xx"] 返回长度7
a.push('yy');//[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, "xx", "yy"] 返回长度8

unshift增加到最前

并返回新数组长度；

var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; 
a.unshift();//[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
a.unshift("cc");//["cc", 1, 2, 3, 4, 5] 返回长度6
a.unshift("aaa");//["aaa", "cc", 1, 2, 3, 4, 5] 返回长度7

reverse 数组翻转

并返回翻转后的原数组，原数组翻转了

var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; 
a.reverse()//a：[5, 4, 3, 2, 1] 返回[5, 4, 3, 2, 1]

join数组转成字符串

并返回字符串，原数组木变

var a = [1,2,3,4,5]; 
var b=a.join('||');//b:"1||2||3||4||5" a:[1,2,3,4,5]

indexOf数组元素索引

并返回元素索引，不存在返回-1,索引从0开始

var a = ['a','b','c','d','e']; 
a.indexOf('a');//0
a.indexOf(a);//-1
a.indexOf('f');//-1
a.indexOf('e');//4

slice截取(切片)数组得到截取的数组

返回从原数组中指定开始索引(包含)到结束索引(不包含)之间的项组成的新数组,原数组木变，索引从0开始

var a = ['a','b','c','d','e']; 
a.slice(1,3);//["b", "c"] a:['a','b','c','d','e']
a.slice(0,4);//["a", "b", "c", "d"]
a.slice(3,4);//["d"]

splice剪接数组原数组变化可以实现shift前删除，pop后删除,unshift前增加,同push后增加一样的效果

返回剪接的元素数组,原数组变化，索引从0开始

/*参数是2个*/
//第一参数是索引（从0开始），第二是长度
var a = ['a','b','c','d','e']; 
a.splice(0,2);//["a", "b"] a:["c", "d", "e"]
a.splice(0,2);//["c", "d"] a:["e"]
var a = ['a','b','c','d','e']; 
a.splice(0,1);//["a"] a:["b", "c", "d", "e"] 同shift前删除
var a = ['a','b','c','d','e']
a.splice(a.length-1,1)l//["e"] a:["a", "b", "c", "d"] 同pop前删除
/*参数大于2个*/
//splice(start,deleteCount,val1,val2,...)：从start位置开始删除deleteCount项，并从该位置起插入val1,val2,... 
var a = ['a','b','c','d','e']; 
a.splice(3,1,10,21,238,99);//["d"] a:["a", "b", "c", 10, 21, 238, 99, "e"]
var a = ['a','b','c','d','e']; 
a.splice(a.length,100000000,88)//返回 [] 从最后元素后面的元素，截取长度任意个，肯定是空 a：["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", 88] 同push后增加
var a = ['a','b','c','d','e']; 
a.splice(a.length,0,88)//返回 [] 从最后元素后面的元素，截取长度任意个，肯定是空 a：["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", 88] 同push后增加
var a = ['a','b','c','d','e'];
a.splice(0,0,88,99)//返回 [] 从第一个元素，截取长度0个 肯定是空 a:[88, 99, "a", "b", "c", "d",

concat数组合并

返回合并后的新数组,原数组木变

var a = ['a','b','c','d','e']; 
a.concat([88,99]);//["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", 88, 99] a:["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]
var b= [9999,10000]
a.concat(b);// ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", 9999, 10000] a:["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]