观察者模式

一、模式提出

定义一种一对多的依赖关系，让多个观察者对象同时监听每一个主题对象。这个主题对象在状态发生变化时，会通知所有的观察者对象，使得他们能够自动更新自己

二、业务逻辑

  在北京奋斗8年的一个小伙，天天关注北京的房价，但是每天看房价都在不停的上涨，他非常的担心。。。

三、UML图

四、代码详解

注意：Observer接口，Observable是java.util包里，详细的源码请看源代码，这里只讲核心的几个方法 

Observer接口

public interface Observer {
    /**
     * This method is called whenever the observed object is changed. An
     * application calls an Observable object's
     * notifyObservers  method to have all the object's
     * observers notified of the change.
     *
     * @param   o     the observable object.
     * @param   arg   an argument passed to the notifyObservers

     *                 method.
     */
    void update(Observable o, Object arg);
}

Obserable类只讲核心的方法

 /**
     * Marks this <tt>Observable</tt> object as having been changed; the 
     * <tt>hasChanged</tt> method will now return <tt>true</tt>.
     */
    protected synchronized void setChanged() {
	changed = true;
    }

/**
     * Adds an observer to the set of observers for this object, provided 
     * that it is not the same as some observer already in the set. 
     * The order in which notifications will be delivered to multiple 
     * observers is not specified. See the class comment.
     *
     * @param   o   an observer to be added.
     * @throws NullPointerException   if the parameter o is null.
     */
    public synchronized void addObserver(Observer o) {
        if (o == null)
            throw new NullPointerException();
	if (!obs.contains(o)) {
	    obs.addElement(o);
	}
    }


 /**
     * If this object has changed, as indicated by the 
     * <code>hasChanged</code> method, then notify all of its observers 
     * and then call the <code>clearChanged</code> method to indicate 
     * that this object has no longer changed. 
     * <p>
     * Each observer has its <code>update</code> method called with two
     * arguments: this observable object and the <code>arg</code> argument.
     *
     * @param   arg   any object.
     * @see     java.util.Observable#clearChanged()
     * @see     java.util.Observable#hasChanged()
     * @see     java.util.Observer#update(java.util.Observable, java.lang.Object)
     */
    public void notifyObservers(Object arg) {
	/*
         * a temporary array buffer, used as a snapshot of the state of
         * current Observers.
         */
        Object[] arrLocal;

	synchronized (this) {
	    /* We don't want the Observer doing callbacks into
	     * arbitrary code while holding its own Monitor.
	     * The code where we extract each Observable from 
	     * the Vector and store the state of the Observer
	     * needs synchronization, but notifying observers
	     * does not (should not).  The worst result of any 
	     * potential race-condition here is that:
	     * 1) a newly-added Observer will miss a
	     *   notification in progress
	     * 2) a recently unregistered Observer will be
	     *   wrongly notified when it doesn't care
	     */
	    if (!changed)
                return;
            arrLocal = obs.toArray();
            clearChanged();
        }

        for (int i = arrLocal.length-1; i>=0; i--)
            ((Observer)arrLocal[i]).update(this, arg);
    }

  

Person关注房价的人

package cn.com.obersver.demo;

import java.util.Observable;
import java.util.Observer;

public class Person implements Observer {

	public void update(Observable o, Object arg) {
		System.out.println(o+"被观察的操作有所更改"+arg);

	}
}

 House房价变化啊，这年头学历高的毕业也头疼

package cn.com.obersver.demo;

import java.util.Observable;

public class House extends Observable {
	private float price;//房子的商品价格
	public House(float price) {
		this.price = price;
	}

	public float getPrice() {
		return price;
	}

	public void setPrice(float price) {
		super.setChanged();//同事父类商品价格要发生改变，使得changed = true
		this.price = price;
		super.notifyObservers(price);//通知父类这是一个代理类，执行update方法
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "房价";
	}
}

注释：研究javaAPI是一件很有趣的事情，希望各位网友把自己研究的源码，展示出来