看下面的一个程序,判断是否错误,如果正确请给出输出结果,如果错误,修改后给出输出结果:
package StaticInitialzation;
class Bowl {
Bowl(int maker) {
System.out.println("Bowl(" + maker + ")");
}
void f1(int maker) {
System.out.println("f1(" + maker + ")");
}
}
class Table {
static Bowl bowl1 = new Bowl(1);
Table() {
System.out.println("Table()");
bowl2.f1(1);
}
void f2(int marker) {
System.out.println("f2(" + marker + ")");
}
static Bowl bowl2 = new Bowl(2);
}
class Cupboard {
Bowl bowl3 = new Bowl(3);
static Bowl bowl4 = new Bowl(4);
Cupboard() {
System.out.println("Cupboard()");
bowl4.f1(2);
}
void f3(int maker) {
System.out.println("f3(" + maker + ")");
}
static Bowl bowl5 = new Bowl(5);
}
public class StaticInitialzation {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Creating new Cupboard() in main");
new Cupboard();
System.out.println("Creating new Cupboard() in main");
new Cupboard();
table.f2(1);
cupboard.f3(1);
}
static Table table = new Table();
static Cupboard cupboard = new Cupboard();
}
在看答案之前,好好思考下.....
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答案是程序无错,输出结果为:
Bowl(1)
Bowl(2)
Table()
f1(1)
Bowl(4)
Bowl(5)
Bowl(3)
Cupboard()
f1(2)
Creating new Cupboard() in main
Bowl(3)
Cupboard()
f1(2)
Creating new Cupboard() in main
Bowl(3)
Cupboard()
f1(2)
f2(1)
f3(1)
解释:
程序先从含有main()函数的类中执行,不过不是先进入main()函数,而是先进行静态成员变量的初始化。
执行到每个类的时候,先将类的静态成员变量进行初始化,然后再进行非静态成员变量的初始化,最后才是执行构造函数。
所以,先执行static Table table = new Table();输出结果:
Bowl(1)
Bowl(2)
Table()
f1(1)
然后再执行static Cupboard cupboard = new Cupboard();输出结果为:
Bowl(4)
Bowl(5)
Bowl(3)
Cupboard()
f1(2)
最后才进入main()函数内部,执行到第一个new Cupboard()时,由于类的静态成员只初始化一次,所以会跳过静态成员变量,输出结果:
Creating new Cupboard() in main
Bowl(3)
Cupboard()
f1(2)
然后输出:
Creating new Cupboard() in main
执行到第二个new Cupboard()时,同理:
Bowl(3)
Cupboard()
f1(2)
然后执行main函数的最后两条语句,输出结果为:
f2(1)
f3(1)
这就共同构成了最后的结果。
最后,感谢热情奉上题目的王二同学 ^ ^