转载:https://blog.csdn.net/nk_tf
1、new Thread的弊端
执行一个异步任务你还只是如下new Thread吗?
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}).start();
弊端:
a、每次new Thread新建对象性能差
b、线程缺乏统一管理,可能无限制新建线程,相互之间竞争,及可能占用过多系统导致死机
c、缺乏更多功能,如定时执行,定期执行,线程中断;
2、Java线程池
1)newCachedThreadPool:创建一个可缓存线程池,如果线程池长度超过处理需要,可灵活回收空闲
线程,若无可回收,则新建线程。
ExecutorService cachedThreadPool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
final int index = i;
try {
Thread.sleep(index * 1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
cachedThreadPool.execute(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(index);
}
});
}
2)newFixedThreadPool:创建一个定长线程池,可控制线程最大并发数,超出的线程会在队列中等待
ExecutorService fixedThreadPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
final int index = i;
fixedThreadPool.execute(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
System.out.println(index);
Thread.sleep(2000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
3)newScheduledThreadPool:创建一个定长线程池,制定定时及周期性任务执行,延迟执行实例代码如下:
ScheduledExecutorService scheduledThreadPool = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(5);
scheduledThreadPool.schedule(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("delay 3 seconds");
}
}, 3, TimeUnit.SECONDS); //表示延迟3秒执行
定期执行实例代码如下:
scheduledThreadPool.scheduleAtFixedRate(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("delay 1 seconds, and excute every 3 seconds");
}
}, 1, 3, TimeUnit.SECONDS); //表示延迟1秒后每3秒执行一次。
4)newSingleThreadExecutor:创建一个单线程化的线程池,他只会用唯一的工作线程来执行任务,保证所有任务
按照指定顺序(FIFO,LIFO,优先级)执行。
ExecutorService singleThreadExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
final int index = i;
singleThreadExecutor.execute(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
System.out.println(index);
Thread.sleep(2000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}