机房收费系统登录-三层架构

    通过查资料，敲例子，对三层也有了一定的理解，下面是我通过对三层的学习之后，敲的一段机房收费系统中登录界面的例子。希望大家多多提出宝贵意见！

   

界面：

   实体类-Model（和数据库表对应）

Public Class User
    Private name As String
    Private password As String
    Private Userid As String
    Private level As String
    Private account As String
'以下为可读写属性
    Public Property user_name() As String
        Get
            Return name
        End Get
        Set(ByVal value As String)
            name = value
        End Set
    End Property
    Public Property user_id() As String
        Get
            Return Userid
        End Get
        Set(ByVal value As String)
            Userid = value
        End Set
    End Property
    Public Property user_pwd() As String
        Get
            Return password
        End Get
        Set(ByVal value As String)
            password = value
        End Set
    End Property
    Public Property user_level() As String
        Get
            Return level
        End Get
        Set(ByVal value As String)
            level = value
        End Set
    End Property
    Public Property user_account() As String
        Get
            Return account
        End Get
        Set(ByVal value As String)
            account = value
        End Set
    End Property
End Class

UI层-表现层 （界面的操作）

Public Class Form1

    Private Sub butCancel_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles butCancel.Click
        End
    End Sub

    Private Sub butOK_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles butOK.Click
'定义一个实体类对象，将文本框中的内容赋给实体类对象
        Dim thisUser As Model.User = New Model.User
        thisUser.user_id = txtUserID.Text.ToString()
        thisUser.user_pwd = txtUserPWD.Text.ToString()
'定义一个业务逻辑层对象，根据业务逻辑层返回的结果，通知用户信息
        Dim uB As BLL.UserBLL = New BLL.UserBLL
        If uB.query_user(thisUser) Then
            MsgBox(True)
        Else
            MsgBox(False)
        End If
    End Sub
End Class

BLL层-业务逻辑层  （将数据层的数据返回，传递数据）

Public Class UserBLL
'定义一个D层的对象
    Dim db As DAL.UserDB = New DAL.UserDB
'此函数的作用是返回D层的执行结果
    Public Function query_user(ByVal model As Model.User) As Boolean
        Return db.Query_User(model)
    End Function
End Class

DAL层-数据访问层 （数据库连接，查询语句）

Imports System.Data.SqlClient

Public Class UserDB
'数据库连接语句
    Dim str As String = "Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=Charge;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=sa;Password=123456"
    Dim conn As SqlClient.SqlConnection

    Public Sub New()             '构造函数 建立连接，打开数据库
        conn = New SqlClient.SqlConnection
        conn.ConnectionString = str
        conn.Open()
    End Sub
'查询数据库中的用户是否存在
    Public Function Query_User(ByVal tstUser As Model.User) As Boolean
             '数据库查询语句
        Dim sqlstr As String
        sqlstr = "Select * From user_info Where user_id='" & tstUser.user_id & "' And user_PWD = '" & tstUser.user_pwd & "'"
           '查询
        Dim sqlcmd As SqlClient.SqlCommand = New SqlClient.SqlCommand(sqlstr, conn)

        Dim myReader As SqlDataReader '定义一个reader用来读数据
        myReader = sqlcmd.ExecuteReader() '运行你的查询，结果到myReader
        If myReader.Read() Then '如果查到了数据
            Return True
        Else
            Return False
        End If

    End Function
End Class

   总结：

       学习了三层架构，将一个系统分成DAL,BLL,UI层，实现了客户端和数据库之间的解耦，当我需要改动某一项功能时，只需改动本层的结构，这样大大的提高了系统的可维护性和可扩展性。

       当然与我们之前用vb做的机房收费系统的登陆功能相比，当时不管是操作数据库的还是响应用户的需求等，所有的实现均在放在一起实现，分不清层次，用到什么就打开什么，对于系统的可理解性和维护性都不符合编码要求。

       三层的使用，使得系统有一定的层次，方便理解，当需求改动时不需要大范围的修改，而且系统也易于扩展。