1 查看网络接口状态
dalek@ubuntu:~/work/epoll$ ifconfig -a
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0c:29:9c:84:70
inet addr:192.168.199.129 Bcast:192.168.199.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe9c:8470/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:63549 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:45550 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:73181163 (73.1 MB) TX bytes:4798893 (4.7 MB)
Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2000
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:337 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:337 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:32304 (32.3 KB) TX bytes:32304 (32.3 KB)
dalek@ubuntu:~/work/epoll$
dalek@ubuntu:~/work/epoll$ ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0c:29:9c:84:70
inet addr:192.168.199.129 Bcast:192.168.199.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe9c:8470/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:75948 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:70280 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:74003524 (74.0 MB) TX bytes:9106557 (9.1 MB)
Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2000
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:337 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:337 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:32304 (32.3 KB) TX bytes:32304 (32.3 KB)
dalek@ubuntu:~/work/epoll$
指定网络接口
dalek@ubuntu:~/work/epoll$ ifconfig eth0
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0c:29:9c:84:70
inet addr:192.168.199.129 Bcast:192.168.199.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe9c:8470/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:76182 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:70731 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:74019448 (74.0 MB) TX bytes:9184779 (9.1 MB)
Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2000
dalek@ubuntu:~/work/epoll$
2 配置网络接口
ifconfig 可以用来配置网络接口的IP地址、掩码、网关、物理地址等;值得一说的是用ifconfig 为网卡指定IP地址,这只是用来调试网络用的,并不会更改系统关于网卡的配置文件。如果您想把网络接口的IP地址固定下来,目前有三个方法:一是通过各个发行和版本专用的工具来修改IP地址;二是直接修改网络接口的配置文件;三是修改特定的文件,加入ifconfig 指令来指定网卡的IP地址,比如在redhat或Fedora中,把ifconfig 的语名写入/etc/rc.d/rc.local文件中;
ifconfig 配置网络端口的方法:
ifconfig 工具配置网络接口的方法是通过指令的参数来达到目的的,我们只说最常用的参数;
ifconfig 网络端口 IP地址 hw MAC地址 netmask 掩码地址 broadcast 广播地址 [up/down]
* 实例一:
比如我们用ifconfig 来调试 eth0网卡的地址
[root@linuxchao ~]#ifconfig eth0 down
[root@linuxchao ~]#ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.99 broadcast 192.168.1.255 netmask 255.255.255.0
[root@linuxchao ~]#ifconfig eth0 up
[root@linuxchao ~]#ifconfig eth0
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:03:0D:27:86:41
inet addr:192.168.1.99 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::203:dff:fe27:8641/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:618 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:676 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:491238 (479.7 KiB) TX bytes:86286 (84.2 KiB)
Interrupt:5 Base address:0x8c00
注解: 上面的例子我们解说一下;
第一行:ifconfig eth0 down 表示如果eth0是激活的,就把它DOWN掉。此命令等同于 ifdown eth0;
第二行:用ifconfig 来配置 eth0的IP地址、广播地址和网络掩码;
第三行:用ifconfig eth0 up 来激活eth0 ; 此命令等同于 ifup eth0
第四行:用 ifconfig eth0 来查看 eth0的状态;
当然您也可以用直接在指令IP地址、网络掩码、广播地址的同时,激活网卡;要加up参数;比如下面的例子;
[root@linuxchao ~]#ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.99 broadcast 192.168.1.255 netmask 255.255.255.0 up