C# 反射机制

一：反射的定义

　　审查元数据并收集关于它的类型信息的能力。元数据（编译以后的最基本数据单元）就是一大堆的表，当编译程序集或者模块时，编译器会创建一个类定义表，一个字段定义表，和一个方法定义表等。

　　System.reflection命名空间包含的几个类，允许你反射（解析）这些元数据表的代码

　　System.Reflection.Assembly 
　　System.Reflection.MemberInfo
　　System.Reflection.EventInfo
　　System.Reflection.FieldInfo
　　System.Reflection.MethodBase
　　System.Reflection.ConstructorInfo
　　System.Reflection.MethodInfo
　　System.Reflection.PropertyInfo
　　System.Type   

　　层次模型：

　　

 

二：获取类型信息：　

 1         class MyClass
 2         {
 3             public string m;
 4             public void test() { }
 5             public int MyProperty { get; set; }
 6         }
 7 
 8         //获取类型信息
 9         protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
10         {
11             Type type = typeof(MyClass);
12             Response.Write("类型名:" + type.Name);
13             Response.Write("<br/>");
14             Response.Write("类全名：" + type.FullName);
15             Response.Write("<br/>");
16             Response.Write("命名空间名:" + type.Namespace);
17             Response.Write("<br/>");
18             Response.Write("程序集名：" + type.Assembly);
19             Response.Write("<br/>");
20             Response.Write("模块名:" + type.Module);
21             Response.Write("<br/>");
22             Response.Write("基类名：" + type.BaseType);
23             Response.Write("<br/>");
24             Response.Write("是否类：" + type.IsClass);
25             Response.Write("<br/>");
26             Response.Write("类的公共成员：");
27             Response.Write("<br/>");
28             MemberInfo[] memberInfos = type.GetMembers();//得到所有公共成员
29             foreach (var item in memberInfos)
30             {
31                 Response.Write(string.Format("{0}:{1}", item.MemberType, item));
32                 Response.Write("<br/>");
33             }
34         }

三：获取程序集信息

protected  void  Button2_Click( object  sender, EventArgs e) {      //获取当前执行代码的程序集      Assembly assem = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();        Response.Write( "程序集全名:" +assem.FullName);      Response.Write( "<br/>" );      Response.Write( "程序集的版本：" +assem.GetName().Version);      Response.Write( "<br/>" );      Response.Write( "程序集初始位置:" +assem.CodeBase);      Response.Write( "<br/>" );      Response.Write( "程序集位置：" +assem.Location);      Response.Write( "<br/>" );      Response.Write( "程序集入口：" +assem.EntryPoint);      Response.Write( "<br/>" );        Type[] types = assem.GetTypes();      Response.Write( "程序集下包含的类型:" );      foreach  ( var  item in  types)      {          Response.Write( "<br/>" );          Response.Write( "类：" +item.Name);      } }<br>

 四：反射调用方法

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

protected  void  Page_Load( object  sender, EventArgs e)   {         System.Reflection.Assembly ass = Assembly.LoadFrom(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory+ "bin\\WebApplication1.dll" );  //加载DLL       System.Type t = ass.GetType( "WebApplication1.MainPage" ); //获得类型           string  name= typeof (MainPage).AssemblyQualifiedName;       System.Type t1 = Type.GetType(name); System.Type t2 =  typeof (MainPage);         object  o = System.Activator.CreateInstance(t); //创建实例         System.Reflection.MethodInfo mi = t.GetMethod( "RunJs1" ); //获得方法         mi.Invoke(o,  new  object [] {  this .Page,  "alert('测试反射机制')"  }); //调用方法           System.Reflection.MethodInfo mi1 = t.GetMethod( "RunJs" );       mi1.Invoke(t,  new  object [] {  this .Page,  "alert('测试反射机制1')"  }); //调用方法   }<br>

 五：反射调用用户/自定义控件

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

protected  override  void  OnInit(EventArgs e)          {                //生成控件                CreateControl();              base .OnInit(e);          }            private  void  CreateControl()          {              Table tb =  new  Table();              TableRow dr =  new  TableRow();              TableCell cell =  new  TableCell();              Control c = <span style= "color: #ff0000;" >LoadControl( "WebUserControl1.ascx" ); </span>            cell.Controls.Add(c);              dr.Cells.Add(cell);              tb.Rows.Add(dr);              this .PlaceHolder1.Controls.Add(tb);          }            protected  void  Button1_Click( object  sender, EventArgs e)          {              foreach  (TableRow tr  in  PlaceHolder1.Controls[0].Controls)              {                  foreach  (TableCell tc  in  tr.Controls)                  {                      foreach  (Control ctl  in  tc.Controls)                      {                          if  (ctl  is  UserControl)                          {                              Type type = ctl.GetType();                              System.Reflection.MethodInfo methodInfo = type.GetMethod( "GetResult" );                              string  selectedValue =  string .Concat(methodInfo.Invoke(ctl,  new  object [] { }));                                Response.Write(selectedValue);                              break ;                          }                      }                  }              }          }<br>

六：反射实现工厂模式

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41

public  partial  class  反射 : System.Web.UI.Page      {          protected  void  Page_Load( object  sender, EventArgs e)          {              string  typeName =  typeof (TestClass).AssemblyQualifiedName;              ITestInterface iface = RawGenericFactory.Create<ITestInterface>(typeName);              string  result = iface.doSomething();              Response.Write(result);          }      }        public  static  class  RawGenericFactory      {          public  static  T Create<T>( string  typeName)          {              //Activator.CreateInstance 反射 根据程序集创建借口或者类              //Type.GetType() 根据名称获得程序集信息              //typeof(ConcertProduct).AssemblyQualifiedName              //_iproduct.GetType().AssemblyQualifiedName              return  (T)Activator.CreateInstance(Type.GetType(typeName));          }      }        public  interface  ITestInterface      {          string  doSomething();      }        public  class  TestClass : ITestInterface      {          public  int  Id {  get ;  set ; }          public  override  string  ToString()          {              return  Id.ToString();          }            public  string  doSomething()          {              return  "ok" ;          }      }<br>

 七：自定义ORM框架

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159

[Orm.Table( "TestORM" )]          public  class  TestORM          {                [Orm.Colum( "Id" ,DbType.Int32)]              public  int  Id {  get ;  set ; }              [Orm.Colum( "UserName" , DbType.String)]              public  string  UserName {  get ;  set ; }              [Orm.Colum( "Password" , DbType.String)]              public  string  Password {  get ;  set ; }              [Orm.Colum( "CreatedTime" , DbType.DateTime)]              public  DateTime CreatedTime {  get ;  set ; }          }              protected  void  Button3_Click( object  sender, EventArgs e)          {              TestORM t =  new  TestORM()              {                  Id=1,                  UserName= "binfire" ,                  Password= "xxx" ,                  CreatedTime=DateTime.Now              };              Orm.OrmHelp h= new  Orm.OrmHelp();              h.Insert(t);          }   namespace  Orm {      [AttributeUsageAttribute(AttributeTargets.Class, Inherited =  false , AllowMultiple =  false )]      public  class  TableAttribute : Attribute      {          //保存表名的字段          private  string  _tableName;            public  TableAttribute()          {          }            public  TableAttribute( string  tableName)          {              this ._tableName = tableName;          }            ///            /// 映射的表名(表的全名:模式名.表名)          ///          public  string  TableName          {              set              {                  this ._tableName = value;              }              get              {                  return  this ._tableName;              }          }      }        [AttributeUsageAttribute(AttributeTargets.Property, Inherited =  false , AllowMultiple =  false )]      public  class  ColumAttribute : Attribute      {          private  string  _columName;            private  DbType _dbType;              public  ColumAttribute()          {          }            public  ColumAttribute( string  columName)              :  this ()          {              this ._columName = columName;          }            public  ColumAttribute( string  columName, DbType dbType)              :  this (columName)          {              this ._dbType = dbType;          }            //列名          public  virtual  string  ColumName          {              set              {                  this ._columName = value;              }              get              {                  return  this ._columName;              }          }            //描述一些特殊的数据库类型          public  DbType DbType          {              get  {  return  _dbType; }              set  { _dbType = value; }          }        }        public  class  OrmHelp      {          public  void  Insert( object  table)          {              Type type = table.GetType();              //定义一个字典来存放表中字段和值的对应序列              Dictionary< string , string > columValue =  new  Dictionary< string , string >();              StringBuilder SqlStr =  new  StringBuilder();              SqlStr.Append( "insert into " );              //得到表名子              TableAttribute temp = (TableAttribute)type.GetCustomAttributes( typeof (TableAttribute),  false ).First();              SqlStr.Append(temp.TableName);              SqlStr.Append( "(" );              PropertyInfo[] Propertys = type.GetProperties();              foreach  ( var  item  in  Propertys)              {                  object [] attributes = item.GetCustomAttributes( false );                  foreach  ( var  item1  in  attributes)                  {                      //获得相应属性的值                      string  value = table.GetType().InvokeMember(item.Name, System.Reflection.BindingFlags.GetProperty,  null , table,  null ).ToString();                      ColumAttribute colum = item1  as  ColumAttribute;                      if  (colum !=  null )                      {                          columValue.Add(colum.ColumName, value);                      }                  }              }              //拼插入操作字符串              foreach  ( var  item  in  columValue)              {                  SqlStr.Append(item.Key);                  SqlStr.Append( "," );                }              SqlStr.Remove(SqlStr.Length - 1, 1);              SqlStr.Append( ") values('" );              foreach  ( var  item  in  columValue)              {                  SqlStr.Append(item.Value);                  SqlStr.Append( "','" );                  }              SqlStr.Remove(SqlStr.Length - 2, 2);              SqlStr.Append( ")" );                HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(SqlStr.ToString());            }      } }