uabntu安装opencv

1. 安装前置依赖

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt install build-essential cmake git pkg-config
sudo apt install libjpeg-dev libtiff-dev libpng-dev  # Image libraries
sudo apt install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev  # Video libraries
sudo apt install libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev  # Video codecs
sudo apt install libgtk-3-dev  # GUI support
sudo apt install libatlas-base-dev gfortran  # Optimization libraries
sudo apt install libhdf5-dev libhdf5-serial-dev libhdf5-103  # HDF5 support
sudo apt install libprotobuf-dev protobuf-compiler  # Protocol Buffers
sudo apt install libgoogle-glog-dev libgflags-dev  # Logging libraries
sudo apt install libgphoto2-dev libeigen3-dev libhdf5-dev doxygen  # Misc dependencies

2. 下载 OpenCV 源码

cd ~
git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git
git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib.git

3. Configure 和 Build OpenCV

cd ~/opencv
mkdir build
cd build

Run cmake with necessary flags to configure the build. Replace <path_to_opencv_contrib> with the actual path to your opencv_contrib/modules directory:

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
      -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
      -D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=ON \
      -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON \
      -D WITH_CUDA=OFF \
      -D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=ON \
      -D WITH_GTK=ON \
      -D WITH_FFMPEG=ON \
      -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=/home/mps/opencv_contrib/modules \ 
      -D BUILD_JAVA=OFF \
      -D BUILD_opencv_python2=OFF \
      -D BUILD_opencv_python3=OFF \
      -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF ..

4. 编译和安装

编译

make -j$(nproc)

安装

sudo make install
sudo ldconfig

5. 验证安装结果

pkg-config --modversion opencv4

mps@ubuntu:~/opencv/build$ pkg-config --modversion opencv4
4.10.0

6. 设置环境变量

添加环境变量到~/.bashrc 或者 ~/.bash_profile:

export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig:$PKG_CONFIG_PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

source ~/.bashrc   # or source ~/.bash_profile

7. 测试安装结果

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>

int main() {
    cv::Mat img = cv::imread("path_to_your_image.jpg");
    if (img.empty()) {
        std::cerr << "Failed to load image" << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }
    cv::imshow("Image", img);
    cv::waitKey(0);
    return 0;
}

编译使用：

g++ your_program.cpp -o your_program `pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv4`

执行：

./your_program