在hibernate的使用中，大家多数时间都在讨论一级缓存和二级缓存，而往往忽略了查询缓存。其实hibernate的查询缓存在使用过程中也起着同样重要的作用。hibernate的查询缓存是主要是针对普通属性结果集的缓存， 而对于实体对象的结果集只缓存id。在一级缓存,二级缓存和查询缓存都打开的情况下作查询操作时这样的：查询普通属性，会先到查询缓存中取，如果没有，则查询数据库；查询实体，会先到查询缓存中取id，如果有，则根据id到缓存(一级/二级)中取实体，如果缓存中取不到实体，再查询数据库。
和一级/二级缓存不同，查询缓存的生命周期 ，是不确定的，当前关联的表发生改变时，查询缓存的生命周期结束。
查询缓存的配置和使用也是很简单的：
1>查询缓存的启用不但要在配置文件中进行配置
<property name="hibernate.cache.use_query_cache">true</property>
2>还要在程序中显示的进行启用
query.setCacheable(true);
1>查询缓存的启用不但要在配置文件中进行配置
<property name="hibernate.cache.use_query_cache">true</property>
2>还要在程序中显示的进行启用
query.setCacheable(true);
1.实体类：
Student.jsva
public
class Student {
private Integer id;
private String name;
//一系列的setter.getter方法
}
private Integer id;
private String name;
//一系列的setter.getter方法
}
2.映射文件
Student.hbm.xml
<
class
name
="com.sxt.hibernate.cache.entity.Student"
table
="sxt_hibernate_student"
>
<!-- 指定本类的对象使用二级缓存(这也可以放在hibernate.cfg.xml中统一指定) -->
<!--
<cache usage="read-only"/>
-->
< id name ="id" length ="4" >
< generator class ="native" > </ generator >
</ id >
< property name ="name" length ="10" > </ property >
</ class >
<!-- 指定本类的对象使用二级缓存(这也可以放在hibernate.cfg.xml中统一指定) -->
<!--
<cache usage="read-only"/>
-->
< id name ="id" length ="4" >
< generator class ="native" > </ generator >
</ id >
< property name ="name" length ="10" > </ property >
</ class >
3.hibernate配置文件：
hibernate.cfg.xml
<
hibernate-configuration
>
< session-factory >
< property name ="hibernate.connection.url" >jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:ORCL10 </ property >
< property name ="hibernate.connection.driver_class" >oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver </ property >
< property name ="hibernate.connection.username" >scott </ property >
< property name ="hibernate.connection.password" >yf123 </ property >
< property name ="hibernate.dialect" >org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle9Dialect </ property >
< property name ="hibernate.show_sql" >true </ property >
<!-- 开启二级缓存,其实hibernate默认就是开启的,这里显示的指定一下 -->
< property name ="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache" >true </ property >
<!-- 指定二级缓存产品的提供商 -->
< property name ="hibernate.cache.provider_class" >org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider </ property >
<!-- 启用查询缓存 -->
< property name ="hibernate.cache.use_query_cache" >true </ property >
< mapping resource ="com/sxt/hibernate/cache/entity/Student.hbm.xml" />
<!-- 指定那些类使用二级缓存 -->
< class-cache usage ="read-only" class ="com.sxt.hibernate.cache.entity.Student" />
</ session-factory >
</ hibernate-configuration >
< session-factory >
< property name ="hibernate.connection.url" >jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:ORCL10 </ property >
< property name ="hibernate.connection.driver_class" >oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver </ property >
< property name ="hibernate.connection.username" >scott </ property >
< property name ="hibernate.connection.password" >yf123 </ property >
< property name ="hibernate.dialect" >org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle9Dialect </ property >
< property name ="hibernate.show_sql" >true </ property >
<!-- 开启二级缓存,其实hibernate默认就是开启的,这里显示的指定一下 -->
< property name ="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache" >true </ property >
<!-- 指定二级缓存产品的提供商 -->
< property name ="hibernate.cache.provider_class" >org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider </ property >
<!-- 启用查询缓存 -->
< property name ="hibernate.cache.use_query_cache" >true </ property >
< mapping resource ="com/sxt/hibernate/cache/entity/Student.hbm.xml" />
<!-- 指定那些类使用二级缓存 -->
< class-cache usage ="read-only" class ="com.sxt.hibernate.cache.entity.Student" />
</ session-factory >
</ hibernate-configuration >
4.测试方法：
public
static
void main(String[] args) {
Session session = null;
Transaction t = null;
* //**
* 开启查询缓存,关闭二级缓存, 开启一个session,分别调用query.list
*/
//如果不用查询缓存的话,那两个都发出查询语句,这也是默认的情况.
/*
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s.name from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
query.setCacheable(true);
List<String> names = query.list();
for (Iterator<String> it = names.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
String name = it.next();
System.out.println(name);
}
System.out.println("================================");
query = session.createQuery("select s.name from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
query.setCacheable(true);
//没有发出查询语句,因为这里使用的查询缓存
names = query.list();
for (Iterator<String> it = names.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
String name = it.next();
System.out.println(name);
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
}*/
/* @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static void main(String[] args) {
Session session = null;
Transaction t = null;
*//**
* 开启查询缓存,关闭二级缓存, 开启两个session,分别调用query.list
*//*
//如果不用查询缓存的话,那两个都发出查询语句,这也是默认的情况.
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s.name from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
//query.setCacheable(true);
List<String> names = query.list();
for (Iterator<String> it = names.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
String name = it.next();
System.out.println(name);
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
System.out.println("================================");
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s.name from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
//query.setCacheable(true);
//不会发出查询语句,因为查询缓存和session无关.
List<String> names = query.list();
for (Iterator<String> it = names.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
String name = it.next();
System.out.println(name);
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
}*/
/* @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static void main(String[] args) {
Session session = null;
Transaction t = null;
*//**
* 开启查询缓存,关闭二级缓存, 开启两个session,分别调用query.iterate
*//*
//如果不用查询缓存的话,那两个都发出查询语句,这也是默认的情况.
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s.name from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
query.setCacheable(true);
for (Iterator<String> it = query.iterate(); it.hasNext();) {
String name = it.next();
System.out.println(name);
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
System.out.println("================================");
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s.name from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
query.setCacheable(true);
//会发出查询语句,因为query.iterate不使用查询缓存
for (Iterator<String> it = query.iterate(); it.hasNext();) {
String name = it.next();
System.out.println(name);
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
}*/
/* @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static void main(String[] args) {
Session session = null;
Transaction t = null;
*//**
* 关闭查询缓存,关闭二级缓存, 开启两个session,分别调用query.list查询实体对象
*//*
//如果不用查询缓存的话,那两个都发出查询语句,这也是默认的情况.
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
//query.setCacheable(true);
List<Student> students = query.list();
for (Iterator<Student> it = students.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
Student s = it.next();
System.out.println(s.getName());
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
System.out.println("================================");
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
//query.setCacheable(true);
//会发出查询语句,因为list默认每次都会发出sql语句
List<Student> students = query.list();
for (Iterator<Student> it = students.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
Student s = it.next();
System.out.println(s.getName());
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
}*/
/* @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static void main(String[] args) {
Session session = null;
Transaction t = null;
*//**
* 开启查询缓存,关闭二级缓存, 开启两个session,分别调用query.list查询实体对象
*//*
//如果不用查询缓存的话,那两个都发出查询语句,这也是默认的情况.
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
query.setCacheable(true);
List<Student> students = query.list();
for (Iterator<Student> it = students.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
Student s = it.next();
System.out.println(s.getName());
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
System.out.println("================================");
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
query.setCacheable(true);
//会发出根据id查询实体的n条查询语句,因为这种情况下,查询过程是这样的：
// 在第一次执行list时,会把查询对象的id缓存到查询缓存里
// 第二次执行list时, 会遍历查询缓存里的id到缓存里去找实体对象,由于这里没找到实体对象,
//所以就发出n条查询语句到数据库中查询.
List<Student> students = query.list();
for (Iterator<Student> it = students.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
Student s = it.next();
System.out.println(s.getName());
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
}*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static void main(String[] args) {
Session session = null;
Transaction t = null;
/**
* 开启查询缓存,开启二级缓存, 开启两个session,分别调用query.list查询实体对象
*/
//如果不用查询缓存的话,那两个都发出查询语句,这也是默认的情况.
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
query.setCacheable(true);
List<Student> students = query.list();
for (Iterator<Student> it = students.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
Student s = it.next();
System.out.println(s.getName());
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
System.out.println("================================");
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
query.setCacheable(true);
//不会发出查询语句,因为这种情况下,查询过程是这样的：
// 在第一次执行list时,会把查询对象的id缓存到查询缓存里
// 第二次执行list时, 会遍历查询缓存里的id到缓存里去找实体对象,由于这里开启了二级缓存,可以找到目标实体对象,
//所以就不会再发出n条查询语句.
List<Student> students = query.list();
for (Iterator<Student> it = students.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
Student s = it.next();
System.out.println(s.getName());
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
}
Session session = null;
Transaction t = null;
* //**
* 开启查询缓存,关闭二级缓存, 开启一个session,分别调用query.list
*/
//如果不用查询缓存的话,那两个都发出查询语句,这也是默认的情况.
/*
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s.name from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
query.setCacheable(true);
List<String> names = query.list();
for (Iterator<String> it = names.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
String name = it.next();
System.out.println(name);
}
System.out.println("================================");
query = session.createQuery("select s.name from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
query.setCacheable(true);
//没有发出查询语句,因为这里使用的查询缓存
names = query.list();
for (Iterator<String> it = names.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
String name = it.next();
System.out.println(name);
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
}*/
/* @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static void main(String[] args) {
Session session = null;
Transaction t = null;
*//**
* 开启查询缓存,关闭二级缓存, 开启两个session,分别调用query.list
*//*
//如果不用查询缓存的话,那两个都发出查询语句,这也是默认的情况.
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s.name from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
//query.setCacheable(true);
List<String> names = query.list();
for (Iterator<String> it = names.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
String name = it.next();
System.out.println(name);
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
System.out.println("================================");
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s.name from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
//query.setCacheable(true);
//不会发出查询语句,因为查询缓存和session无关.
List<String> names = query.list();
for (Iterator<String> it = names.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
String name = it.next();
System.out.println(name);
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
}*/
/* @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static void main(String[] args) {
Session session = null;
Transaction t = null;
*//**
* 开启查询缓存,关闭二级缓存, 开启两个session,分别调用query.iterate
*//*
//如果不用查询缓存的话,那两个都发出查询语句,这也是默认的情况.
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s.name from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
query.setCacheable(true);
for (Iterator<String> it = query.iterate(); it.hasNext();) {
String name = it.next();
System.out.println(name);
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
System.out.println("================================");
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s.name from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
query.setCacheable(true);
//会发出查询语句,因为query.iterate不使用查询缓存
for (Iterator<String> it = query.iterate(); it.hasNext();) {
String name = it.next();
System.out.println(name);
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
}*/
/* @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static void main(String[] args) {
Session session = null;
Transaction t = null;
*//**
* 关闭查询缓存,关闭二级缓存, 开启两个session,分别调用query.list查询实体对象
*//*
//如果不用查询缓存的话,那两个都发出查询语句,这也是默认的情况.
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
//query.setCacheable(true);
List<Student> students = query.list();
for (Iterator<Student> it = students.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
Student s = it.next();
System.out.println(s.getName());
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
System.out.println("================================");
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
//query.setCacheable(true);
//会发出查询语句,因为list默认每次都会发出sql语句
List<Student> students = query.list();
for (Iterator<Student> it = students.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
Student s = it.next();
System.out.println(s.getName());
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
}*/
/* @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static void main(String[] args) {
Session session = null;
Transaction t = null;
*//**
* 开启查询缓存,关闭二级缓存, 开启两个session,分别调用query.list查询实体对象
*//*
//如果不用查询缓存的话,那两个都发出查询语句,这也是默认的情况.
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
query.setCacheable(true);
List<Student> students = query.list();
for (Iterator<Student> it = students.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
Student s = it.next();
System.out.println(s.getName());
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
System.out.println("================================");
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
query.setCacheable(true);
//会发出根据id查询实体的n条查询语句,因为这种情况下,查询过程是这样的：
// 在第一次执行list时,会把查询对象的id缓存到查询缓存里
// 第二次执行list时, 会遍历查询缓存里的id到缓存里去找实体对象,由于这里没找到实体对象,
//所以就发出n条查询语句到数据库中查询.
List<Student> students = query.list();
for (Iterator<Student> it = students.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
Student s = it.next();
System.out.println(s.getName());
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
}*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static void main(String[] args) {
Session session = null;
Transaction t = null;
/**
* 开启查询缓存,开启二级缓存, 开启两个session,分别调用query.list查询实体对象
*/
//如果不用查询缓存的话,那两个都发出查询语句,这也是默认的情况.
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
query.setCacheable(true);
List<Student> students = query.list();
for (Iterator<Student> it = students.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
Student s = it.next();
System.out.println(s.getName());
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
System.out.println("================================");
try {
session = HibernateUtils.getSession();
t = session.beginTransaction();
Query query = session.createQuery("select s from Student s");
//启用查询缓存
query.setCacheable(true);
//不会发出查询语句,因为这种情况下,查询过程是这样的：
// 在第一次执行list时,会把查询对象的id缓存到查询缓存里
// 第二次执行list时, 会遍历查询缓存里的id到缓存里去找实体对象,由于这里开启了二级缓存,可以找到目标实体对象,
//所以就不会再发出n条查询语句.
List<Student> students = query.list();
for (Iterator<Student> it = students.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
Student s = it.next();
System.out.println(s.getName());
}
t.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
t.rollback();
} finally {
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session);
}
}
本文出自 “夜狼” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://yangfei520.blog.51cto.com/1041581/287380
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