CentOS7.8安装Oracle12.2.0.1

一、准备环境

1. 安装支持包

设置本地yum源，参考

https://blog.csdn.net/highning/article/details/105990128

yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33*.i686 elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc*.i686 glibc glibc-devel glibc-devel*.i686 ksh libgcc*.i686 libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++*.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel*.i686 libaio libaio*.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel*.i686 make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC*.i686 unixODBC-devel unixODBC-devel*.i686 libXp

2. 关闭防火墙，关闭selinux

永久关闭防火墙

[root@CentOS ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.

关闭selinux

vi /etc/selinux/config

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted

3. 修改内核参数

在/etc/sysctl.conf中添加如下内容

vim /etc/sysctl.conf

kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmmax = 4294967296
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744

执行sysctl -p使其立即生效

[root@CentOS ~]# sysctl -p
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmmax = 4294967296
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744

注释:
一般情况下可以设置Shmmax最大共享内存为物理内存的一半，如果物理内存是 2G，则可以设置最大共享内存为 1073741824，
如上；如物理内存是 1G，则可以设置最大共享内存为 512 * 1024 * 1024 = 536870912；以此类推。）
建议永久地增加 shmmax 设置。
sem 4个参数依次为SEMMSL(每个用户拥有信号量最大数)；SEMMNS(系统信号量最大数)；SEMOPM(每次semopm系统调用操作数)；
SEMMNI(系统辛苦量集数最大数).
最大共享内存Shmmax，官方文档建议是内存的1/2

3. 创建oracle用户

设置ORACLE用户密码

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
groupadd oper
groupadd backupdba
groupadd kmdba
groupadd dgdba
groupadd racdba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper,backupdba,kmdba,dgdba,racdba oracle
passwd oracle

4. 创建ORACLE安装目录

mkdir -p /u01/oracle/
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
chmod -R 775 /u01

5. 为ORACLE用户创建环境变量

登录oracle用户，

[root@CentOS ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@CentOS ~]$ vi .bash_profile