/:#> cat t.C
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <iostream>
class A {
public:
A():a(1) {}
public:
int a;
};
class B : public A {
public:
B():b(2) {}
virtual ~B() {}
public:
int b;
};
int main(int argc, char * argv[])
{
B *o = new B();
char * p = (char *)o;
A *a = (A*)p;
B *b = (B*)p; // correct
//B *b = (B*)a; // incorrect
A *c = (A *)b;
printf("o/t=0x%x/n",o);
printf("p/t=0x%x/n",p);
printf("a/t=0x%x,a.a=%d/n",a,a->a);
printf("b/t=0x%x,b.b=%d/n",b,b->b);
printf("c/t=0x%x,c.a=%d/n",c,c->a);
}
class A 没有虚函数, 而class B有虚函数。
所以class B的头字节 和 class A的头字节是差一个虚函数表指针偏移, &A = &B + 4 (假定字长是4)。