编写使用中断的按键驱动程序

编写使用中断的按键驱动程序

从头写按键驱动，特别是如何使用中断，是休眠-唤醒，POLL机制，异步通知，定时器，中断的线程化处理。

编程思路

1.编写设备树提供硬件信息；查看原理图确定按键使用的引脚，再在设备树中添加节点，在节点里指定中断信息。

gpio_keys_100ask {
compatible = "100ask,gpio_key";
gpios = <&gpio5 1 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH
&gpio4 14 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;
pinctrl-names = "default";
pinctrl-0 = <&key1_pinctrl
&key2_pinctrl>;


key1_100ask: key1_100ask {        /*!< Function assigned for the core: Cortex-A7[ca7] */
            fsl,pins = <
                MX6ULL_PAD_SNVS_TAMPER1__GPIO5_IO01        0x000110A0
            >;
        };
};

key2_100ask: key2_100ask {                /*!< Function assigned for the core: Cortex-A7[ca7] */
            fsl,pins = <
                MX6UL_PAD_NAND_CE1_B__GPIO4_IO14           0x000010B0
            >;
        };

上面指定引脚信息

gpio_key_drv.c

#include <linux/module.h>

#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/major.h>
#include <linux/mutex.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h>
#include <linux/stat.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/tty.h>
#include <linux/kmod.h>
#include <linux/gfp.h>
#include <linux/gpio/consumer.h>
#include <linux/platform_device.h>
#include <linux/of_gpio.h>
#include <linux/of_irq.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/irq.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>


struct gpio_key{
	int gpio;
	struct gpio_desc *gpiod;
	int flag;
	int irq;
} ;

static struct gpio_key *gpio_keys_100ask;

static irqreturn_t gpio_key_isr(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
	struct gpio_key *gpio_key = dev_id;
	int val;
	val = gpiod_get_value(gpio_key->gpiod);
	

	printk("key %d %d\n", gpio_key->gpio, val);
	
	return IRQ_HANDLED;
}

/* 1. 从platform_device获得GPIO
 * 2. gpio=>irq
 * 3. request_irq
 */
static int gpio_key_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
	int err;
	struct device_node *node = pdev->dev.of_node;
	int count;
	int i;
	enum of_gpio_flags flag;
	unsigned flags = GPIOF_IN;
		
	printk("%s %s line %d\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);

	count = of_gpio_count(node);
	if (!count)
	{
		printk("%s %s line %d, there isn't any gpio available\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
		return -1;
	}

	gpio_keys_100ask = kzalloc(sizeof(struct gpio_key) * count, GFP_KERNEL);
	for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
	{
		gpio_keys_100ask[i].gpio = of_get_gpio_flags(node, i, &flag);
		if (gpio_keys_100ask[i].gpio < 0)
		{
			printk("%s %s line %d, of_get_gpio_flags fail\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
			return -1;
		}
		gpio_keys_100ask[i].gpiod = gpio_to_desc(gpio_keys_100ask[i].gpio);
		gpio_keys_100ask[i].flag = flag & OF_GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW;

		if (flag & OF_GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW)
			flags |= GPIOF_ACTIVE_LOW;

		err = devm_gpio_request_one(&pdev->dev, gpio_keys_100ask[i].gpio, flags, NULL);

		
		gpio_keys_100ask[i].irq  = gpio_to_irq(gpio_keys_100ask[i].gpio);
	}

	for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
	{
		err = request_irq(gpio_keys_100ask[i].irq, gpio_key_isr, IRQF_TRIGGER_RISING | IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, "100ask_gpio_key", &gpio_keys_100ask[i]);
	}
        
    return 0;
    
}

static int gpio_key_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
	//int err;
	struct device_node *node = pdev->dev.of_node;
	int count;
	int i;

	count = of_gpio_count(node);
	for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
	{
		free_irq(gpio_keys_100ask[i].irq, &gpio_keys_100ask[i]);
	}
	kfree(gpio_keys_100ask);
    return 0;
}


static const struct of_device_id ask100_keys[] = {
    { .compatible = "100ask,gpio_key" },
    { },
};

/* 1. 定义platform_driver */
static struct platform_driver gpio_keys_driver = {
    .probe      = gpio_key_probe,
    .remove     = gpio_key_remove,
    .driver     = {
        .name   = "100ask_gpio_key",
        .of_match_table = ask100_keys,
    },
};

/* 2. 在入口函数注册platform_driver */
static int __init gpio_key_init(void)
{
    int err;
    
	printk("%s %s line %d\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
	
    err = platform_driver_register(&gpio_keys_driver); 
	
	return err;
}

/* 3. 有入口函数就应该有出口函数：卸载驱动程序时，就会去调用这个出口函数
 *     卸载platform_driver
 */
static void __exit gpio_key_exit(void)
{
	printk("%s %s line %d\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);

    platform_driver_unregister(&gpio_keys_driver);
}


/* 7. 其他完善：提供设备信息，自动创建设备节点                                     */

module_init(gpio_key_init);
module_exit(gpio_key_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

首先编写入口函数gpio_key_init（）并在里面进行设备注册。出口函数在卸载驱动程序。在入口函数会注册platform_driver 名为gpio_keys_driver结构体，并声明probe和remove，driver函数在driver函数里面指明那个设备名。在probe函数里面*
1.从platform_device获得GPIO
2.gpio=>irq
3.request_irq
1.从设备树获得GPIO

count = of_gpio_count(node);
for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
 gpio_keys_100ask[i].gpio = of_get_gpio_flags(node, i, &flag);

2.从GPIO获得中断号

gpio_keys_100ask[i].irq = gpio_to_irq(gpio_keys_100ask[i].gpio);

3.申请中断

err = request_irq(gpio_keys_100ask[i].irq, gpio_key_isr, \
IRQF_TRIGGER_RISING | IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, "100ask_gpio_key", &gpio_keys_100ask
[i]);

4.中断函数

static irqreturn_t gpio_key_isr(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
struct gpio_key *gpio_key = dev_id;
int val;
val = gpiod_get_value(gpio_key->gpiod);
printk("key %d %d\n", gpio_key->gpio, val);
return IRQ_HANDLED;
}