MySQL练习题+答案
50道经典SQL练习题答案
数据表介绍
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1.学⽣表 Student(SId,Sname,Sage,Ssex)
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SId 学⽣编号
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Sname 学⽣姓名
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Sage 出⽣年⽉
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Ssex 学⽣性别
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2.课程表 Course(CId,Cname,TId)
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CId 课程编号
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Cname 课程名称
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TId 教师编号
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3.教师表 Teacher(TId,Tname)
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TId 教师编号
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Tname 教师姓名
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4.成绩表 SC(SId,CId,score)
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SId 学⽣编号
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CId 课程编号
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score 分数
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建表语句
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学⽣表 Student
create table Student( SId varchar(10), Sname varchar(10), Sage datetime, Ssex varchar(10) ); -
课程表 Course
create table Course( CId varchar(10), Cname varchar(10), TId varchar(10) ); -
教师表 Teacher
create table Teacher( TId varchar(10), Tname varchar(10) ); -
成绩表 SC
create table SC( SId varchar(10), CId varchar(10), score decimal(18,1) );
插入数据
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学⽣表 Student
-- 学生表 Student insert into Student values('01' , '赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , '男'); insert into Student values('02' , '钱电' , '1990-12-21' , '男'); insert into Student values('03' , '孙风' , '1990-12-20' , '男'); insert into Student values('04' , '李云' , '1990-12-06' , '男'); insert into Student values('05' , '周梅' , '1991-12-01' , '女'); insert into Student values('06' , '吴兰' , '1992-01-01' , '女'); insert into Student values('07' , '郑竹' , '1989-01-01' , '女'); insert into Student values('09' , '张三' , '2017-12-20' , '女'); insert into Student values('10' , '李四' , '2017-12-25' , '女'); insert into Student values('11' , '李四' , '2012-06-06' , '女'); insert into Student values('12' , '赵六' , '2013-06-13' , '女'); insert into Student values('13' , '孙七' , '2014-06-01' , '女'); -
课程表 Course
-- 科⽬表 Course insert into Course values('01' , '语文' , '02'); insert into Course values('02' , '数学' , '01'); insert into Course values('03' , '英语' , '03'); -
教师表 Teacher
-- 教师表 Teacher insert into Teacher values('01' , '张三'); insert into Teacher values('02' , '李四'); insert into Teacher values('03' , '王五'); -
成绩表 SC
-- 成绩表 SC insert into SC values('01' , '01' , 80); insert into SC values('01' , '02' , 90); insert into SC values('01' , '03' , 99); insert into SC values('02' , '01' , 70); insert into SC values('02' , '02' , 60); insert into SC values('02' , '03' , 80); insert into SC values('03' , '01' , 80); insert into SC values('03' , '02' , 80); insert into SC values('03' , '03' , 80); insert into SC values('04' , '01' , 50); insert into SC values('04' , '02' , 30); insert into SC values('04' , '03' , 20); insert into SC values('05' , '01' , 76); insert into SC values('05' , '02' , 87); insert into SC values('06' , '01' , 31); insert into SC values('06' , '03' , 34); insert into SC values('07' , '02' , 89); insert into SC values('07' , '03' , 98);
练习题目
1.查询" 01 “课程⽐” 02 "课程成绩⾼的学⽣的信息及课程分数
select ttt1.SId
,ttt1.chinese_score
,ttt1.math_score
,ttt2.SName
from(
select tt1.SId
,ifnull(tt1.chinese_score,0) as chinese_score
,ifnull(tt1.math_score,0) as math_score
from
(
select t1.SId
,t1.score as chinese_score
,t2.score as math_score
from(
select SId
,CId
,score
from SC
where CId = '01'
) t1
left join (
select SId
,CId
,score
from SC
where CId = '02'
) t2
on t1.SId = t2.SId
union
select t2.SId
,t1.score as chinese_score
,t2.score as math_score
from(
select SId
,CId
,score
from SC
where CId = '01'
) t1
right join (
select SId
,CId
,score
from SC
where CId = '02'
) t2
on t1.SId = t2.SId
) tt1
where if(tt1.chinese_score is null,0,tt1.chinese_score) > ifnull(tt1.math_score,0)
) ttt1
left join Student ttt2
on ttt1.SId = ttt2.SId;
2.查询同时存在" 01 “课程和” 02 "课程的情况
select tt1.SId
,tt2.SName
,tt2.SAge
,tt2.SSex
from(
select t1.SId
from(
select SId
from SC
where CId = '01'
) t1
join (
select SId
from SC
where CId = '02'
) t2
on t1.SId = t2.SId
) tt1 left join Student tt2 on tt1.SId = tt2.SId;
3.查询存在" 01 “课程但可能不存在” 02 "课程的情况(不存在时显示为 null )
select t1.SId
,t2.SId
from(
select SId
from SC
where CId = '01'
) t1
left join (
select SId
from SC
where CId = '02'
) t2
on t1.SId = t2.SId;
4.查询不存在" 01 “课程但存在” 02 "课程的情况
select t1.SId
,t2.SId
from(
select SId
from SC
where CId = '01'
) t1
right join (
select SId
from SC
where CId = '02'
) t2
on t1.SId = t2.SId;
5.查询平均成绩⼤于等于 60 分的同学的学⽣编号和学⽣姓名和平均成绩
select t1.SId
,t2.SName
,t1.avg_score
from(
select SId
,avg(score) as avg_score
from SC
group by SId
having avg_score>=60
) t1 left join Student t2
on t1.SId = t2.SId;
6.查询在 SC 表存在成绩的学⽣信息
select SId
,SName
from Student
where SId in (
select distinct SId
from SC
);
7.查询所有同学的学⽣编号、学⽣姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩(没成绩的显示为 null )
select t1.SId
,t1.SName
,t2.ccnt
,t2.sum_score
from Student t1
left join (
select SId
,count(CId) ccnt
,sum(score) sum_score
from SC
group by SId
) t2 on t1.SId = t2.SId;
8.查询「李」姓⽼师的数量
select '姓李' as col1
,count(*) as cnt
from Teacher
where Tname like '李%';
9.查询学过「张三」⽼师授课的同学的信息
select t1.SId
,t2.SName
from (
select SId
from SC
where CId = (
select CId
from Course
where TId = (
select TId
from Teacher
where TName = '张三'
)
)
) t1 left join Student t2
on t1.SId = t2.SId;
select SId
,SName
from Student
where SId in (
select SId
from SC
where CId = (
select CId
from Course
where TId = (
select TId
from Teacher
where TName = '张三'
)
)
);
10.查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息
select SId
,SName
from Student
where SId not in (
select SId
from (
select SId
,count(CId) as cnt
from SC
group by SId
having cnt = (
select count(CId)
from Course
)
) t1
);
11.查询⾄少有⼀⻔课与学号为" 01 "的同学所学相同的同学的信息
select t1.SId
,t2.SName
from (
select distinct SId
from SC
where SId != '01'
and CId in (
select CId
from SC
where SId = '01'
)
) t1 left join Student t2
on t1.SId = t2.SId;
12.查询和" 01 "号的同学学习的课程 完全相同的其他同学的信息
select SId
,SName
from Student
where SId in (
select t1.SId
from (
select SId
,count(CId) as cnt
from SC
where SId != '01'
and CId in (
select CId
from SC
where SId = '01'
) group by SId
having cnt = (
select count(CId)
from SC
where SId = '01'
)
) t1 join (
select SId
,count(CId) as cnt
from SC
where SId != '01'
group by SId
) t2 on t1.SId = t2.SId and t1.cnt = t2.cnt
);
13.查询没学过"张三"⽼师讲授的任⼀⻔课程的学⽣姓名
select SId
,SName
from Student
where SId not in (
select distinct
SId
from SC
where CId in (
select CId
from Course
where TId in (
select TId
from Teacher
where TName = '张三'
)
)
);
14.查询两⻔及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号，姓名及其平均成绩
select t1.SId
,t2.SName
,t1.avg_score
from (
select SId
,count(CId) as cnt
,avg(score) as avg_score
from SC
where score <60
group by SId
having cnt >= 2
) t1 left join Student t2
on t1.SId = t2.SId;
15.检索" 01 "课程分数⼩于 60，按分数降序排列的学⽣信息
select t1.SId
,t2.SName
,t1.score
from (
select SId
,score
from SC
where CId = '01'
and score < 60
) t1 left join Student t2
on t1.SId = t2.SId
order by t1.score desc;
16.按平均成绩从⾼到低显示所有学⽣的所有课程的成绩以及平均成绩
select t1.SId
,t1.CId
,t1.score
,t2.avg_score
from SC t1
left join (
select SId
,round(avg(score),2) as avg_score
from SC
group by SId
) t2 on t1.SId = t2.SId
order by t2.avg_score desc;
17.查询各科成绩最⾼分、最低分和平均分： 以如下形式显示：课程 ID，课程 name，最⾼分，最低分，平均分，及格率，中等率，优良率，优秀率 及格为>=60，中等为：70-80，优良为：80-90，优秀为：>=90要求输出课程号和选修⼈数，查询结果按⼈数降序排列，若⼈数相同，按课程号升序排列
select t1.CId
,t1.max_score
,t1.min_score
,t1.avg_score
,t1.pass_percent
,t1.med_percent
,t1.good_percent
,t1.best_percent
from(
select CId
,max(score) as max_score
,min(score) as min_score
,avg(score) as avg_score
,concat(round(sum(if(score>=60,1,0)) * 100/count(SId),2),'%') as pass_percent
,concat(round(sum(if(score>=70 and score < 80,1,0)) * 100/count(SId),2),'%') as med_percent
,concat(round(sum(if(score>=80 and score < 90,1,0)) * 100/count(SId),2),'%') as good_percent
,concat(round(sum(if(score>=90 ,1,0)) * 100/count(SId),2),'%') as best_percent
,count(SId) as cnt
from SC
group by CId
) t1 left join Course t2
on t1.CId = t2.CId
order by t1.cnt desc,t1.CId;
18.按各科平均成绩进⾏排序，并显示排名， Score 重复时保留名次空缺
1 2 2 4 5 6
set @i := 0;
set @j := 0;
set @avg_score_front := 0;
set @avg_score_last := 0;
select tt1.CId
,tt1.avg_score
,tt1.dense_rk
from (
select t1.CId
,t1.avg_score
,@j := @j + 1
,@avg_score_front := t1.avg_score
,if(@avg_score_front = @avg_score_last,@i,@i := @j) as rk
,@avg_score_last := @avg_score_front
from
(
select CId
,round(avg(score),2) as avg_score
from SC
group by CId
order by avg_score desc
) t1
) tt1;
19.按各科平均成绩进⾏排序，并显示排名， Score 重复时不保留名次空缺
1 2 2 3 4 5 6
set @i := 0;
set @avg_score_front := 0;
set @avg_score_last := 0;
select tt1.CId
,tt1.avg_score
,tt1.dense_rk
from (
select t1.CId
,t1.avg_score
,@avg_score_front := t1.avg_score
,if(@avg_score_front = @avg_score_last,@i,@i := @i + 1) as dense_rk
,@avg_score_last := @avg_score_front
from
(
select CId
,round(avg(score),2) as avg_score
from SC
group by CId
order by avg_score desc
) t1
) tt1;
20.查询学⽣的总成绩，并进⾏排名，总分重复时保留名次空缺
set @i:=0;
set @j:=0;
set @sum_score_front:=0;
set @sum_score_back:=0;
select tt1.SId
,tt1.sum_score
,tt1.rk
from (
select t1.SId
,t1.sum_score
,@j := @j + 1
,@sum_score_front := t1.sum_score
,if(@sum_score_front=@sum_score_back,@i,@i:=@j) as rk
,@sum_score_back := @sum_score_front
from (
select SId
,sum(score) as sum_score
from SC
group by SId
order by sum_score desc
) t1
) tt1;
21.查询学⽣的总成绩，并进⾏排名，总分重复时不保留名次空缺
set @i:=0;
set @sum_score_front:=0;
set @sum_score_back:=0;
select tt1.SId
,tt1.sum_score
,tt1.rk
from (
select t1.SId
,t1.sum_score
,@sum_score_front := t1.sum_score
,if(@sum_score_front=@sum_score_back,@i,@i:=@i + 1) as rk
,@sum_score_back := @sum_score_front
from (
select SId
,sum(score) as sum_score
from SC
group by SId
order by sum_score desc
) t1
) tt1;
22.统计各科成绩各分数段⼈数：课程编号，课程名称，[100-85]，[85-70]，[70-60]，[60-0]及所占百分⽐
select t1.CId
,t2.CName
,t1.85to100_cnt
,t1.85to100_cnt_percent
,t1.70to85_cnt
,t1.70to85_cnt_percent
,t1.60to70_cnt
,t1.60to70_cnt_percent
,t1.0to60_cnt
,t1.0to60_cnt_percent
from(
select CId
,sum(if(score>=85 and score<=100,1,0)) as 85to100_cnt
,round(sum(if(score>=85 and score<=100,1,0))/count(SId),2) as 85to100_cnt_percent
,sum(if(score>=70 and score<=85,1,0)) as 70to85_cnt
,round(sum(if(score>=70 and score<=85,1,0))/count(SId),2) as 70to85_cnt_percent
,sum(if(score>=60 and score<=70,1,0)) as 60to70_cnt
,round(sum(if(score>=60 and score<=70,1,0))/count(SId),2) as 60to70_cnt_percent
,sum(if(score>=0 and score<=60,1,0)) as 0to60_cnt
,round(sum(if(score>=0 and score<=60,1,0))/count(SId),2) as 0to60_cnt_percent
from SC
group by CId
)t1 left join Course t2
on t1.CId = t2.CId;
23.查询各科成绩前三名的记录
-- 组内TopN
24.查询每⻔课程被选修的学⽣数
select CId
,count(SId) as cnt
from SC
group by CId;
25.查询出只选修两⻔课程的学⽣学号和姓名
select SId
,SName
from Student
where SId in (
select t1.SId
from (
select SId
,count(CId) as cnt
from SC
group by SId
having cnt = 2
) t1
);
26.查询男⽣、⼥⽣⼈数
select SSex
,count(SId) as cnt
from Student
group by SSex;
27.查询名字中含有「⻛」字的学⽣信息
-- like
select SId
,SName
from Student
where SName like '%风%';
-- re
select SId
,SName
from Student
where SName rlike '.*风.*';
28.查询同名同性学⽣名单，并统计同名⼈数
select SName
,count(SId) as cnt
from Student
group by SName
having cnt>1;
29.查询 1990 年出⽣的学⽣名单
select SId
,SName
,SAge
from Student
where year(SAge) = '1990';
30.查询每⻔课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩降序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程编号升序排列
select CId
,round(avg(score),2) as avg_score
from SC
group by CId
order by avg_score desc,CId;
31.查询平均成绩⼤于等于 85 的所有学⽣的学号、姓名和平均成绩
select t1.SId
,t2.SName
,t1.avg_score
from (
select SId
,round(avg(score),2) as avg_score
from SC
group by SId
having avg_score>=85
) t1 left join Student t2
on t1.SId = t2.SId;
32.查询课程名称为「数学」，且分数低于 60 的学⽣姓名和分数
select t1.SId
,t2.SName
,t1.score
from (
select SId
,score
from SC
where CId in (
select CId
from Course
where CName = '数学'
)
) t1 left join Student t2
on t1.SId = t2.SId;
33.查询所有学⽣的课程及分数情况（存在学⽣没成绩，没选课的情况）
select t1.SId
,t1.SName
,t2.CId
,t3.CName
,t2.score
from Student t1
left join SC t2
on t1.SId = t2.SId
left join Course t3
on t2.CId = t3.CId
order by SId;
34.查询任何⼀⻔课程成绩在 70 分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数
-- 只要由一门科目超过70分，其他没有超过70的科目也需要展示
select t1.SId
,t1.SName
,t3.CName
,t2.score
from(
select SId
,SName
from Student
where SId in (
select distinct
SId
from SC
where score > 70
)
) t1 left join SC t2
on t1.SId = t2.SId
left join Course t3
on t2.CId = t3.CId
order by SId;
35.查询不及格的课程
select distinct
CId
from SC
where score < 60;
36.查询课程编号为 01 且课程成绩在 80 分以上的学⽣的学号和姓名
select SId
,SName
from Student
where SId in (
select SId
from SC
where CId = '01' and score > 80
);
37.求每⻔课程的学⽣⼈数
select CId
,count(SId) as cnt
from SC
group by CId;
38.成绩不重复，查询选修「张三」⽼师所授课程的学⽣中，成绩最⾼的学⽣信息及其成绩
set @i := 0;
set @score_front := 0;
set @score_back := 0;
select tt1.SId
,tt1.score
,tt2.SName
from (
select t1.SId
,t1.score
,@score_front := t1.score
,if(@score_front = @score_back,@i,@i := @i+1) as rk
,@score_back := @score_front
from (
select SId
,score
from SC
where CId in (
select CId
from Course
where TId in (
select TId
from Teacher
where TName = '张三'
)
) order by score desc
) t1
) tt1 join Student tt2
on tt1.SId = tt2.SId and tt1.rk = 1;
39.成绩有重复的情况下，查询选修「张三」⽼师所授课程的学⽣中，成绩最⾼的学⽣信息及其成绩
set @i := 0;
set @score_front := 0;
set @score_back := 0;
select tt1.SId
,tt1.score
,tt2.SName
from (
select t1.SId
,t1.score
,@score_front := t1.score
,if(@score_front = @score_back,@i,@i := @i+1) as rk
,@score_back := @score_front
from (
select SId
,score
from SC
where CId in (
select CId
from Course
where TId in (
select TId
from Teacher
where TName = '张三'
)
) order by score desc
) t1
) tt1 join Student tt2
on tt1.SId = tt2.SId and tt1.rk = 1;
40.查询每个学生不同课程成绩相同的学⽣的学⽣编号、课程编号、学⽣成绩
select t2.SId
,t1.CId
,t2.score
from SC t1
join (
select SId
,score
,count(CId) as cnt
from SC
group by SId,score
having cnt > 1
) t2 on t1.SId = t2.SId and t1.score = t2.score;
41.查询每⻔课程成绩最好的前两名
-- 组内求排名 TopN
42.统计每⻔课程的学⽣选修⼈数（超过 5 ⼈的课程才统计）
select CId
,count(SId) as cnt
from SC
group by CId
having cnt > 5;
43.检索⾄少选修两⻔课程的学⽣学号
select SId
from SC
group by SId
having count(CId) > 2;
44.查询选修了全部课程的学⽣信息
select SId
,SName
from Student
where SId in (
select SId
from SC
group by SId
having count(CId) = (
select count(*)
from Course
)
);
45.查询各学⽣的年龄，只按年份来算
select SId
,SName
,year(current_timestamp()) - year(SAge) as age
from Student;
46.按照出⽣⽇期来算，当前⽉⽇ < 出⽣年⽉的⽉⽇则年龄减⼀
select SId
,SName
,if(now_date>born_date,age,age-1) as new_age
,age
from (
select SId
,SName
,year(current_timestamp()) - year(SAge) as age
,date_format(current_timestamp(),"%m%d") as now_date
,date_format(SAge,"%m%d") as born_date
from Student
) t1;
47.查询本周过⽣⽇的学⽣
select SId
,SName
,SAge
from Student
where week(SAge) = week(current_timestamp());
48.查询下周过⽣⽇的学⽣
select SId
,SName
,SAge
from Student
where week(SAge) = week(DATE_ADD(current_timestamp(),INTERVAL 7 day));
49.查询本⽉过⽣⽇的学⽣
select SId
,SName
,SAge
from Student
where month(SAge) = month(current_timestamp());
50.查询下⽉过⽣⽇的学⽣
select SId
,SName
,SAge
from Student
where month(SAge) = month(DATE_ADD(current_timestamp(),INTERVAL 1 mon));
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