UDP协议-CSDN博客

//#pragma once

//UDP协议
//https://blog.csdn.net/xxbsky520/article/details/6161217

#include <winsock2.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "WS2_32")//https://www.cnblogs.com/wyj553/archive/2009/04/16/1437512.html
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;


int main()
{
	SOCKET sock;   //socket套接字
	char szMsg[] = "this is a UDP test package";//被发送的字段

	//1.启动SOCKET库，版本为2.0
	WORD wVersionRequested;
	WSADATA wsaData;
	int err;
	wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(2, 0);
	err = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
	if (0 != err) //检查Socket初始化是否成功
	{
		cout << "Socket2.0初始化失败，Exit!";
		return 0;
	}

	//检查Socket库的版本是否为2.0
	if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 2 || HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 0)
	{
		WSACleanup();
		return 0;
	}

	//2.创建socket，
	sock = socket(
		AF_INET,           //internetwork: UDP, TCP, etc
		SOCK_DGRAM,        //SOCK_DGRAM说明是UDP类型
		0                  //protocol
	);

	if (INVALID_SOCKET == sock) {
		cout << "Socket 创建失败，Exit!";
		return 0;
	}

	//3.设置该套接字为广播类型，
	bool opt = true;
	setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, reinterpret_cast<char FAR *>(&opt), sizeof(opt));

	//4.设置发往的地址
	sockaddr_in addrto;            //发往的地址 
	memset(&addrto, 0, sizeof(addrto));
	addrto.sin_family = AF_INET;               //地址类型为internetwork
	addrto.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_BROADCAST; //设置ip为广播地址
	addrto.sin_port = htons(7861);             //端口号为7861

	int nlen = sizeof(addrto);
	unsigned int uIndex = 1;
	while (uIndex < 10)//true
	{
		Sleep(1000); //程序休眠一秒

	    //向广播地址发送消息
		/*7.12           sendto函数
		在Socket中有两套发送和接收函数，一是sendto和recvfrom；二是send和recv。前一套在函数参数中要指明地址；而后一套需要先将套接字和一个地址绑定，然后直接发送和接收，不需绑定地址。
		sendto的定义如下：
		int PASCAL FAR sendto(SOCKET s, const char FAR * buf, int len, int flags, const struct sockaddr FAR *to, int tolen);
		第一个参数就是套接字；
		第二个参数是要传送的数据指针；
		第三个参数是要传送的数据长度（字节数）；
		第四个参数是传送方式的标识，如果不需要特殊要求则可以设置为0，其它值请参考MSDN；
		第五个参数是目标地址，注意这里使用的是sockaddr的指针；
		第六个参数是地址的长度；
		返回值为整型，如果成功，则返回发送的字节数，失败则返回SOCKET_ERROR。*/

		if (sendto(sock, szMsg, strlen(szMsg), 0, (sockaddr*)&addrto, nlen)
			== SOCKET_ERROR)
			cout << WSAGetLastError() << endl;
		else
			cout << uIndex++ << ":an UDP package is sended." << endl;
	}

	if (!closesocket(sock)) //关闭套接字
	{
		WSAGetLastError();
		return 0;
	}
	if (!WSACleanup())       //关闭Socket库
	{
		WSAGetLastError();
		return 0;
	}
	return 0;
}

VS2017下成功运行

参考：

https://blog.csdn.net/xxbsky520/article/details/6161217

https://www.cnblogs.com/wyj553/archive/2009/04/16/1437512.html

下面是完整例子

服务端：

#include <winsock2.h>
#include <iostream>
#pragma comment(lib, "WS2_32")

using namespace std;

int main()
{
	//1.启动SOCKET库，版本为2.0
	WORD wVersionRequested;
	WSADATA wsaData;
	int err;
	wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(2, 0);
	err = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
	if (err != 0)
	{
		cout << "Socket2.0初始化失败，Exit!";
		return 0;
	}
	if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 2 || HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 0)
	{
		WSACleanup();
		return 0;
	}

	//2.创建套接字
	SOCKET sock;
	sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
	if (sock == INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		cout << "Socket 创建失败，Exit!";
		return 0;
	}

	//3.绑定
	SOCKADDR_IN myaddr; //sockaddr_in相当于sockaddr结构
	memset(&myaddr, 0, sizeof(myaddr));//初始化  清零 
	myaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;//只能为这个值
	//如果绑定地址不是本机地址或者ADDR_ANY，则recvfrom函数不会正确接收，而是立刻返回
	myaddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);//将u_long型转换为网络字节序列
	//端口号必须和客户发往的端口号一致
	myaddr.sin_port = htons(7861);//将u_short型转换为网络字节序列
	bind(sock, (SOCKADDR*)&myaddr, sizeof(myaddr));//绑定套接字

	//4.等待并接受数据
	SOCKADDR_IN addrClient;
	int len = sizeof(SOCKADDR);
	char buf[256] = "";
	long number = 0;
	while (true) {
		Sleep(1000);
		number++;
		//recv(sock, buf, sizeof(buf), 0);
		recvfrom(sock, buf,256,0,(SOCKADDR*)&addrClient, &len);
		cout << number << ":" << buf << endl;
		memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));

		if (number > 5)break;
	}

	//??这两个条件?
	//if (!closesocket(sock))
	//{
	//	WSAGetLastError();
	//	return 0;
	//}
	//if (!WSACleanup())
	//{
	//	WSAGetLastError();
	//	return 0;
	//}

	cout << "服务器关闭" << endl;
	closesocket(sock);
	WSACleanup();
	return 0;
}

客户端：

#include <winsock2.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "WS2_32")
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
	//1.启动SOCKET库，版本为2.0
	WORD wVersionRequested;
	WSADATA wsaData;
	int err;
	wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(2, 0);
	err = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
	if (err != 0)
	{
		cout << "Socket2.0初始化失败，Exit!";
		return 0;
	}
	if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 2 || HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 0)
	{
		WSACleanup();
		return 0;
	}

	//2.创建socket，
	SOCKET sock;                   //socket
	sock = socket(
		AF_INET,           //internetwork: UDP, TCP, etc
		SOCK_DGRAM,        //SOCK_DGRAM说明是UDP类型
		0                  //protocol
	);

	if (sock == INVALID_SOCKET) {
		cout << "Socket 创建失败，Exit!";
		return 0;
	}

	//3.设置发往的地址
	SOCKADDR_IN addrto;            //发往的地址	
	memset(&addrto, 0, sizeof(addrto));
	addrto.sin_family = AF_INET;

	// https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/1709ad8041dca64634c4f006.html
	//去掉SDL检查。设置项目属性，将c/c++->SDL检查设置为“否”即可跳过检查，使用旧的函数可编译成功。
	addrto.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1"); //旧函数，不设置sdl检查会报错

	//端口号必须和服务器绑定的端口号一致
	addrto.sin_port = htons(7861);

	//4.发送消息
	int nlen = sizeof(addrto);
	unsigned int uIndex = 1;
	char szMsg[] = "this is a UDP test package";//被发送的字段
	while (true)
	{
		Sleep(1000);
		if (sendto(sock, szMsg, strlen(szMsg), 0, (SOCKADDR*)&addrto, nlen)
			== SOCKET_ERROR)
			cout << WSAGetLastError() << endl;
		else
			cout << uIndex++ << ":an UDP package is sended." << endl;

		if (uIndex > 10)break;
	}

	//if (!closesocket(sock))
	//{
	//	WSAGetLastError();
	//	return 0;
	//}
	//if (!WSACleanup())
	//{
	//	WSAGetLastError();
	//	return 0;
	//}


	cout << "客户端关闭" << endl;
	closesocket(sock);
	WSACleanup();
	return 0;
}

UDP协议

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