Latin labyrinths, Celtic knots: modernism and the dead in Irish and Latin American literature【翻译】

Abstract
The Irish throughout their tumultuous history immigrated not only to North America but
across Latin America, particularly to Cuba, Puerto Rico, Colombia, Chile, Argentina, and
Mexico. Ireland and many of these Latin American countries share a close yet under-examined
relationship, inasmuch as they are predominantly Catholic, post-colonial, hybrid populations
with fraught immigrant experiences abroad and long histories of resisting Anglo-centric
imperialism at home. More particularly, the peoples of these nations engage intimately with the
dead (as shown, for example, by the Mexican Day of the Dead and Celtic roots of Halloween),
and the dead appear frequently in literature from these countries that takes up issues of
colonialism and anti-colonial struggles. The dead can function as repositories for forgotten
history and allies in counter-imperial struggle; these roles become particularly important in the
20th century, wherein the forces of economic modernization have rushed to erase the memories
of the dead. From the speech of the dead in the prose works of Juan Rulfo, Máirtín Ó Cadhain,
Samuel Beckett, and Carlos Fuentes, to the anticolonial poetics of William Butler Yeats and Julia
de Burgos, this thesis examines how these two regions have, both in parallel and in concert,
utilized the dead to bolster various nationalistic projects. This dissertation also explores patterns
of Irish/Latin American literary citation and influence, tracing, for example, how Jorge Luis
Borges’s responded to James Joyce, or how a scene from Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels is
re-enacted in the novels of Flann O’Brien and Gabriel García Márquez. This project contributes
to comparative approaches to Irish literary and modernist studies, improves our nascent
understanding of how the Irish and Latin Americans have interacted throughout their overlapping
histories, and expands our comprehension of how the dead have been and continue to be utilized
across the developing world to resist economic neo-colonialism.
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Public Abstract
The Irish have a long and often overlooked history in Latin America and appear with
surprising frequency in certain texts of Latin American literature. A common element shared by
the literature of these two archives is a direct engagement with the presence and memory of the
dead. This thesis examines how the dead have been presented in some of the major works of
Irish and Latin American literature in the 20th century. These invocations of the dead become a
touchstone for myriad transatlantic discussions on topics such as of literary influence between
Ireland and Latin America, modernism, decolonialism, antistatism, the intersection between
ecocriticism and postcolonialism, and resistance against economic neocolonialism.
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Table of Contents
Introduction ......................................................................................................................................v
Chapter 1. The Mexican Day of the Dead and Celtic Halloween:
The Speech of the Dead from Rulfo and Ó Cadhain to Beckett and Fuentes ..................................1
Chapter 2. “Upon all the living and the dead”: Joyce, Borges, and
Their Infinite Ghosts ......................................................................................................................48
Chapter 3. The Swift and the Dead: The Gulliver’s Travels Séance
in Modern Ireland and South America...........................................................................................88
Chapter 4. “The Waters and the Wild”: W.B. Yeats, Julia de Burgos,
and Romantic Resurrection ..........................................................................................................126
Revenants of the Disinherited: A Conclusion ..............................................................................160
Works Cited .................................................................................................................................166

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