菜單是用戶界面中最常見的元素之一,使用非常頻繁,在Android中,菜單被分為如下三種,選項菜單(OptionsMenu)、上下文菜單(ContextMenu)和子菜單(SubMenu),今天這講是OptionsMenu
一、概述
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu):使用此方法調用OptionsMenu 。
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item):選中菜單項後發生的動作。
public void onOptionsMenuClosed(Menu menu):菜單關閉後發生的動作。
public boolean onPrepareOptionsMenu(Menu menu):選項菜單顯示之前onPrepareOptionsMenu方法會被調用,你可以用此方法來根據打當時的情況調整菜單。
public boolean onMenuOpened(int featureId, Menu menu):單打開後發生的動作。
二、默認樣式
默認樣式是在屏幕底部彈出一個菜單,這個菜單我們就叫他選項菜單OptionsMenu,一般情況下,選項菜單最多顯示2排每排3個菜單項,這些菜單項有文字有圖標,也被稱作Icon Menus,如果多於6項,從第六項開始會被隱藏,在第六項會出現一個More裡,點擊More才出現第六項以及以後的菜單項,這些菜單項也被稱作Expanded Menus。下面介紹。
1.main.xml
<? xml version = " 1.0 " encoding = " utf-8 " ?>
< LinearLayout xmlns:android = " http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android "
android:orientation = " vertical " android:layout_width = " fill_parent "
android:layout_height = " fill_parent " >
< TextView android:layout_width = " wrap_content "
android:layout_height = " wrap_content " android:text = " 請點擊Menu鍵顯示選項菜單"
android:id = " @+id/ TextView02 " />
</ LinearLayout >
2。重載onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu)方法
重載onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu)方法,並在此方法中添加菜單項,最後返回true,如果false,菜單則不會顯示。
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu)
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
/*
*
* add()方法的四個參數,依次是:
*
* 1、組別,如果不分組的話就寫Menu.NONE,
*
* 2、Id,這個很重要,Android根據這個Id來確定不同的菜單
*
* 3、順序,那個菜單現在在前面由這個參數的大小決定
*
* 4、文本,菜單的顯示文本
*/
menu.add(Menu.NONE, Menu .FIRST + 1 , 5 , " 刪除" ).setIcon( android.R.drawable.ic_menu_delete);
// setIcon()方法為菜單設置圖標,這裡使用的是系統自帶的圖標,同學們留意一下,以
// android.R開頭的資源是系統提供的,我們自己提供的資源是以R開頭的
menu.add(Menu.NONE, Menu.FIRST + 2 , 2 , " 保存" ).setIcon( android.R. drawable.ic_menu_edit); menu.add(Menu.NONE, Menu.FIRST
+ 3 , 6 , " 幫助" ).setIcon( android.R.drawable.ic_menu_help); menu.add(Menu.NONE, Menu.FIRST
+ 4 , 1 , " 添加" ).setIcon( android.R.drawable.ic_menu_add); menu.add(Menu.NONE, Menu.FIRST
+ 5 , 4 , " 詳細" ).setIcon( android.R.drawable.ic_menu_info_details) ; menu.add(Menu.NONE, Menu.FIRST
+ 6 , 3 , " 發送" ).setIcon( android.R.drawable.ic_menu_send);
return true ; }
3。為菜單項註冊事件
使用onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item)方法為菜單項註冊事件
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item)@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case Menu.FIRST + 1 : Toast.makeText(
this , " 刪除菜單被點擊了" , Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
break ;
case Menu.FIRST + 2 : Toast.makeText(
this , " 保存菜單被點擊了" , Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
break ;
case Menu.FIRST + 3 : Toast.makeText(
this , " 幫助菜單被點擊了" , Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
break ;
case Menu.FIRST + 4 : Toast.makeText(
this , " 添加菜單被點擊了" , Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
break ;
case Menu. FIRST + 5 : Toast.makeText(
this , " 詳細菜單被點擊了" , Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
break ;
case Menu.FIRST + 6 : Toast.makeText(
this , " 發送菜單被點擊了" , Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
break ; }
return false ; }
4。其他按需要重載
完整代碼
DefaultMenupackage com.wjq.menu; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.widget.Toast;
public class DefaultMenu extends Activity {
/* * Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
} @Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
/*
*
* add()方法的四個參數,依次是:
*
* 1、組別,如果不分組的話就寫Menu.NONE,
*
* 2、Id,這個很重要,Android根據這個Id來確定不同的菜單
*
* 3、順序,那個菜單現在在前面由這個參數的大小決定
*
* 4、文本,菜單的顯示文本
*/
menu.add(Menu.NONE, Menu.FIRST + 1 , 5 , " 刪除" ). setIcon( android.R.drawable.ic_menu_delete);
// setIcon()方法為菜單設置圖標,這裡使用的是系統自帶的圖標,同學們留意一下,以
// android.R開頭的資源是系統提供的,我們自己提供的資源是以R開頭的
menu.add(Menu.NONE, Menu.FIRST + 2 , 2 , " 保存" ).setIcon( android.R.drawable.ic_menu_edit); menu.add(Menu.NONE , Menu.FIRST
+ 3 , 6 , " 幫助" ).setIcon( android.R.drawable.ic_menu_help); menu.add(Menu.NONE, Menu.FIRST
+ 4 , 1 , " 添加" ).setIcon( android. R.drawable.ic_menu_add); menu.add(Menu.NONE, Menu.FIRST
+ 5 , 4 , " 詳細" ).setIcon( android.R.drawable.ic_menu_info_details); menu.add(Menu.NONE, Menu.FIRST
+ 6 , 3 , " 發送" ).setIcon( android.R.drawable.ic_menu_send);
return true ; } @Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case Menu.FIRST + 1 : Toast.makeText(
this , " 刪除菜單被點擊了" , Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
break ;
case Menu.FIRST + 2 : Toast.makeText(
this , " 保存菜單被點擊了" , Toast.LENGTH_LONG ).show();
break ;
case Menu.FIRST + 3 : Toast.makeText(
this , " 幫助菜單被點擊了" , Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
break ;
case Menu.FIRST + 4 : Toast.makeText (
this , " 添加菜單被點擊了" , Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
break ;
case Menu.FIRST + 5 : Toast.makeText(
this , " 詳細菜單被點擊了" , Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show( );
break ;
case Menu.FIRST + 6 : Toast.makeText(
this , " 發送菜單被點擊了" , Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
break ; }
return false ; } @Override
public void onOptionsMenuClosed(Menu menu) {
Toast.makeText( this , " 選項菜單關閉了" , Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
} @Override
public boolean onPrepareOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
Toast.makeText( this ,
" 選項菜單顯示之前onPrepareOptionsMenu方法會被調用,你可以用此方法來根據打當時的情況調整菜單" ,
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
// 如果返回false,此方法就把用戶點擊menu的動作給消費了,onCreateOptionsMenu方法將不會被調用
return true ; } }
5.效果瀏覽
三、自定義樣式
1.gridview_menu.xml
<? xml version = " 1.0 " encoding = " utf-8 " ?>
< LinearLayout xmlns:android = " http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android "
android:orientation = " vertical "
android:layout_width = " fill_parent "
android:layout_height = " fill_parent "
>
< GridView
android:id = " @+id/gridview "
android:layout_width = " fill_parent "
android:layout_height = " fill_parent "
android:numColumns = " 4 "
android:verticalSpacing = " 10dip "
android:horizontalSpacing = " 10dip "
android:stretchMode = " columnWidth "
android:gravity = " center "
/>
</ LinearLayout >
首先自定義菜單界面,我是GridView來包含菜單項,4列3行
2.item_menu.xml
<? xml version = " 1.0 " encoding = " utf-8 " ?>
< RelativeLayout xmlns:android = " http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android "
android:id = " @+id/RelativeLayout_Item "
android:layout_width = " fill_parent " android:layout_height = " wrap_content "
android:paddingBottom = " 5dip " >
< ImageView android:id = " @+id/item_image "
android:layout_centerHorizontal = " true " android:layout_width = " wrap_content "
android:layout_height = " wrap_content " ></ ImageView >
< TextView android:layout_below = " @id/item_image " android:id = " @+id/item_text "
android:layout_centerHorizontal = " true " android:layout_width = " wrap_content "
android :layout_height = " wrap_content " android:text = " 選項" ></ TextView >
</ RelativeLayout >
菜單項的現實樣式,一個圖標和一個文字。
3.定義
代碼
private boolean isMore = false ; // menu菜單翻頁控制
AlertDialog menuDialog; // menu菜單Dialog
GridView menuGrid;
View menuView;
private final int ITEM_SEARCH = 0 ; // 搜索
private final int ITEM_FILE_MANAGER = 1 ; // 文件管理
private final int ITEM_DOWN_MANAGER = 2 ; // 下載管理
private final int ITEM_FULLSCREEN = 3 ; // 全屏
private final int ITEM_MORE = 11 ; // 菜單
/* *菜單圖片* */
int [] menu_image_array = { R.drawable.menu_search,
R .drawable.menu_filemanager, R.drawable.menu_downmanager,
R.drawable.menu_fullscreen, R.drawable.menu_inputurl,
R.drawable.menu_bookmark, R.drawable.menu_bookmark_sync_import,
R.drawable.menu_sharepage, R.drawable.menu_quit,
R.drawable .menu_nightmode, R.drawable.menu_refresh,
R.drawable.menu_more };
/* *菜單文字* */
String[] menu_name_array = { " 搜索" , " 文件管理" , " 下載管理" , " 全屏" , " 網址" , " 書籤" ,
" 加入書籤" , " 分享頁面" , " 退出" , " 夜間模式" , " 刷新" , " 更多" };
/* *菜單圖片2 * */
int [] menu_image_array2 = { R.drawable.menu_auto_landscape,
R.drawable.menu_penselectmodel, R.drawable.menu_page_attr,
R.drawable.menu_novel_mode, R.drawable.menu_page_updown,
R.drawable.menu_checkupdate, R.drawable.menu_checknet,
R.drawable.menu_refreshtimer, R. drawable.menu_syssettings,
R.drawable.menu_help, R.drawable.menu_about, R.drawable.menu_return };
/* *菜單文字2 * */
String[] menu_name_array2 = { " 自動橫屏" , " 筆選模式" , " 閱讀模式" , " 瀏覽模式" , " 快捷翻頁" ,
" 檢查更新" , " 檢查網絡" , " 定時刷新" , " 設置" , " 幫助" , " 關於" , " 返回" };
4.public boolean onMenuOpened(int featureId, Menu menu)
@Override
public boolean onMenuOpened( int featureId, Menu menu) {
if (menuDialog == null ) {
menuDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder( this ).setView(menuView).show();
} else {
menuDialog.show();
}
return false ; // 返回為true則顯示系統menu
}
如果第一次打開則設置視圖,否則直接顯示menuDialog視圖。
5.private SimpleAdapter getMenuAdapter(String[] menuNameArray,
private SimpleAdapter getMenuAdapter(String[] menuNameArray,
int [] imageResourceArray) {
ArrayList < HashMap < String, Object >> data = new ArrayList < HashMap < String, Object >> ();
for ( int i = 0 ; i < menuNameArray. length; i ++ ) {
HashMap < String, Object > map = new HashMap < String, Object > ();
map.put( " itemImage " , imageResourceArray );
map.put( " itemText " , menuNameArray );
data.add (map);
}
SimpleAdapter simperAdapter = new SimpleAdapter( this , data,
R.layout.item_menu, new String[] { " itemImage " , " itemText " },
new int [] { R.id.item_image, R.id. item_text });
return simperAdapter;
}
為菜單添加菜單項。
6.public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) @Overridepublic boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
menu.add( " menu " ); // 必須創建一項
return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
}
7.protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); menuView
= View.inflate( this , R.layout.gridview_menu, null ) ;
// 創建AlertDialog
menuDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder( this ).create();
menuDialog.setView(menuView);
menuDialog.setOnKeyListener( new OnKeyListener() {
public boolean onKey(DialogInterface dialog, int keyCode,
KeyEvent event ) {
if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_MENU) // 監聽按鍵
dialog.dismiss();
return false ;
}
}); menuGrid
= (GridView) menuView.findViewById(R.id.gridview);
menuGrid.setAdapter(getMenuAdapter(menu_name_array, menu_image_array ));
/* *監聽menu選項* */
menuGrid.setOnItemClickListener( new OnItemClickListener() {
public void onItemClick(AdapterView <?> arg0, View arg1, int arg2,
long arg3) {
switch (arg2) {
case ITEM_SEARCH: / / 搜索
break ;
case ITEM_FILE_MANAGER: // 文件管理
break ;
case ITEM_DOWN_MANAGER: // 下載管理
break ;
case ITEM_FULLSCREEN: // 全屏
break ;
case ITEM_MORE: // 翻頁
if (isMore) {
menuGrid.setAdapter(getMenuAdapter(menu_name_array2,
menu_image_array2));
isMore = false ;
} else { // 首頁
menuGrid.setAdapter(getMenuAdapter(menu_name_array,
menu_image_array));
isMore = true ;
}
menuGrid.invalidate(); // 更新menu
menuGrid.setSelection(ITEM_MORE);
break ;
} } }); }
完整代碼
package com.wjq.menu; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import android.app.Activity; import android.app.AlertDialog; import android.content.DialogInterface; import android.content.DialogInterface.OnKeyListener ; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.KeyEvent; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.View; import android.widget.AdapterView; import android.widget.GridView; import android.widget.SimpleAdapter; import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
public class CustomizeMenu extends Activity {
private boolean isMore = false ; // menu菜單翻頁控制
AlertDialog menuDialog; // menu菜單Dialog
GridView menuGrid;
View menuView;
private final int ITEM_SEARCH = 0 ; / / 搜索
private final int ITEM_FILE_MANAGER = 1 ; // 文件管理
private final int ITEM_DOWN_MANAGER = 2 ; // 下載管理
private final int ITEM_FULLSCREEN = 3 ; // 全屏
private final int ITEM_MORE = 11 ; // 菜單
/* *菜單圖片* */
int [] menu_image_array = { R.drawable.menu_search,
R.drawable.menu_filemanager, R.drawable.menu_downmanager,
R.drawable.menu_fullscreen, R.drawable.menu_inputurl,
R.drawable.menu_bookmark, R.drawable.menu_bookmark_sync_import,
R.drawable.menu_sharepage, R.drawable.menu_quit,
R.drawable.menu_nightmode, R.drawable.menu_refresh,
R.drawable.menu_more };
/* *菜單文字* */
String[] menu_name_array = { " 搜索" , " 文件管理" , " 下載管理" , " 全屏" , " 網址" , " 書籤" ,
" 加入書籤" , " 分享頁面" , " 退出" , " 夜間模式" , " 刷新" , " 更多" };
/* *菜單圖片2 * */
int [] menu_image_array2 = { R.drawable.menu_auto_landscape,
R.drawable.menu_penselectmodel, R.drawable.menu_page_attr,
R.drawable.menu_novel_mode, R.drawable.menu_page_updown,
R.drawable.menu_checkupdate , R.drawable.menu_checknet,
R.drawable.menu_refreshtimer, R.drawable.menu_syssettings,
R.drawable.menu_help, R.drawable.menu_about, R.drawable.menu_return };
/* *菜單文字2 * */
String[] menu_name_array2 = { " 自動橫屏" , " 筆選模式" , " 閱讀模式" , " 瀏覽模式" , " 快捷翻頁" ,
" 檢查更新" , " 檢查網絡" , " 定時刷新" , " 設置" , " 幫助" , " 關於" , " 返回" };
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); menuView
= View .inflate( this , R.layout.gridview_menu, null );
// 創建AlertDialog
menuDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder( this ).create();
menuDialog.setView(menuView);
menuDialog.setOnKeyListener( new OnKeyListener() {
public boolean onKey(DialogInterface dialog, int keyCode,
KeyEvent event ) {
if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_MENU) // 監聽按鍵
dialog.dismiss();
return false ;
}
}); menuGrid
= (GridView) menuView.findViewById(R.id .gridview);
menuGrid.setAdapter(getMenuAdapter(menu_name_array, menu_image_array));
/* *監聽menu選項* */
menuGrid.setOnItemClickListener( new OnItemClickListener() {
public void onItemClick(AdapterView <?> arg0, View arg1, int arg2,
long arg3) {
switch (arg2) {
case ITEM_SEARCH: // 搜索
break ;
case ITEM_FILE_MANAGER: // 文件管理
break ;
case ITEM_DOWN_MANAGER: // 下載管理
break ;
case ITEM_FULLSCREEN: // 全屏
break ;
case ITEM_MORE: // 翻頁
if (isMore) {
menuGrid.setAdapter(getMenuAdapter(menu_name_array2,
menu_image_array2));
isMore = false ;
} else { // 首頁
menuGrid.setAdapter(getMenuAdapter(menu_name_array,
menu_image_array));
isMore = true ;
}
menuGrid.invalidate(); // 更新menu
menuGrid.setSelection(ITEM_MORE);
break ;
} } }); } @Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
menu.add( " menu " ); // 必須創建一項
return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu );
}
private SimpleAdapter getMenuAdapter(String[] menuNameArray,
int [] imageResourceArray) {
ArrayList < HashMap < String, Object >> data = new ArrayList < HashMap < String, Object >> ();
for ( int i = 0 ; i < menuNameArray.length; i ++ ) {
HashMap < String, Object > map = new HashMap < String, Object > ();
map.put( " itemImage " , imageResourceArray );
map.put( " itemText " , menuNameArray );
data.add(map);
}
SimpleAdapter simperAdapter = new SimpleAdapter( this , data,
R.layout.item_menu, new String[] { " itemImage " , " itemText " },
new int [] { R.id.item_image, R .id.item_text });
return simperAdapter;
}
@Override
public boolean onMenuOpened( int featureId, Menu menu) {
if (menuDialog == null ) {
menuDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder( this ).setView(menuView).show() ;
} else {
menuDialog.show();
}
return false ; // 返回為true則顯示系統menu
} }
原代碼下載點擊這裡
效果瀏覽