J2EE的MVC模式

最新推荐文章于 2020-07-13 15:24:27 发布

阿Biang

最新推荐文章于 2020-07-13 15:24:27 发布

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分类专栏： Java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/bianghoo/article/details/9792079

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在J2EE设计模式一书中的第三章看到了MVC模式，并给出了Email注册的例子来详细阐释但没有详细代码，就动手写了一下以期更好地理解MVC模式，顺便复习下零星学的jsp.

文献：J2EE设计模式 William Crawford JonathanKaplan。CH3表达层

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaBeans

工程位置：Lomboz /MVCBean_v0.1

在mysql中新建了数据库maildata，该数据库中建了表mail.

maildata.sql:

create database maildata;

use maildata;

create table mail(
        id int primary key auto_increment,
	first varchar(255),
	last varchar(255),
	email text
);
insert into article values(null,'Biang','Hoo','cbw3029798@126.com');

描述：模拟一个邮箱的注册过程

客户端：

client的登录界面subscribe.html:

<html>
	<head>
		<title>Subscribe</title>
	</head>
	<body>
		<hr>
		<br>
		<form align=center action="/ListController" method="get">
			First Name:<input type="text"name="first"><br>
			Last Name:<input type="text"name="last"><br>
			Email Address:<input type="text"name="email"><br>
			<input type="submit" name="提交"></input>
		</form>
	</body>
</html>

服务器端的用户接口MVC

MVC将用户接口问题分割成三个截然不同的部分：模型，视图和控制器。模型存储应用的状态，视图解释模型中的数据并将它展示给用户，最后控制器处理用户的输入，然后或者更新模型或者显示新的视图

Controller:控制器的工作包括：1.读取请求，

2。协调到模型的访问，

3存储用于视图的模型信息，

4将控制转给视图。

一般为servlet，控制业务逻辑：在本例中为ListController并体现了上述四点功能

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import bean.MailingBeanFactory;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
 * @author Bangwen Chen	
 *
 * 2013-8-5
 */
public class ListController extends HttpServlet {
	
	public static final String FIRST_PARM = "first";
	public static final String LAST_PARM = "last";
	public static final String EMAIL_PARM = "email";
	public static final String MAILINGBEAN_ATTR = "mailingbean";
	
	
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		
			String first = req.getParameter(FIRST_PARM);//读取请求
			String last = req.getParameter(LAST_PARM);
			String email = req.getParameter(EMAIL_PARM);
			MailingBeanFactory mb = MailingBeanFactory.newInstance();//协调到模型的访问
	
			mb.setFirst(first);
			mb.setLast(last);
			mb.setEmail(email);
			
			req.setAttribute(MAILINGBEAN_ATTR,mb);//存储用于视图的模型信息

			
			boolean result = mb.doSubscribe();
			String nextPage = "/success.jsp";
			if(!result){
				nextPage="/failure.jsp";
			}
			RequestDispatcher dispatcher = getServletContext().getRequestDispatcher(nextPage);//将控制转给视图
			dispatcher.forward(req,resp);
	}
	
	
}

Model:模型，模型的设计是以数据为中心的，在J2EE的世界里，模型通常是JavaBean或EJB，

JavaBean是java中可以重复使用的组建，实际上，他们就是一些把许多对象放到一个对象（就是Bean）的类。他们是序列化的，即可以直接被IO操作，必须有不带参数的构造函数，并且可以通过getter和setter方法来访问属性。JavaBean 不要写成裸体类，而是应该包含在包中。它的优点有：1，write once,run anywhere 2,暴露给其他应用的属性，事件和方法是可控的。。。等等

在本例中为MailingBeanFactory，负责与数据库的连接及操作，为了方便对数据库进行操作还使用了以前封装过DB类用于数据库的连接，代码如下：

package bean;
import java.sql.*;

/**
 * @author Bangwen Chen	
 *
 * 2013-7-15
 */
public class DB {
	public static Connection getConn(){
		Connection conn =null;
		try{
			Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");//MySQL
			conn=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost/maildata?user=root&password=admin411");
			//Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");//ORACLE
			//conn=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@GG:1521:orcl","scott","admin411");
			
		}catch(ClassNotFoundException e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}catch(SQLException e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return conn;
	}
	public static Statement getStmt(Connection conn){
		Statement stmt=null;
		try{
			if(conn!=null){
				stmt = conn.createStatement();
			}
		}catch(SQLException e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return stmt;
	}
	public static PreparedStatement getPreStmt(Connection conn,String sql){
		PreparedStatement preStmt=null;
		try{
			if(conn!=null){
				preStmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			}
		}catch(SQLException e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return preStmt;
	}
	public static ResultSet getRS(Statement stmt,String sql){
		ResultSet rs =null;
		try{
			if(stmt != null){
				rs=stmt.executeQuery(sql);
			}
		}catch(SQLException e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return rs;
	}
	public static void closeConn(Connection conn) {
		try {
			if(conn != null) {
				conn.close();
				conn = null;
			}
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	public static void closeStmt(Statement stmt) {
		try {
			if(stmt != null) {
				stmt.close();
				stmt = null;
			}
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	public static void closePreStmt(PreparedStatement preStmt) {
		try {
			if(preStmt != null) {
				preStmt.close();
				preStmt = null;
			}
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	public static void closeRs(ResultSet rs) {
		try {
			if(rs != null) {
				rs.close();
				rs = null;
			}
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

接口MailingBean

package bean;

public interface MailingBean {

	/**
	 * @author Bangwen Chen	
	 *
	 * 2013-8-5
	 */
	//first name
	public String getFirst();
	public void setFirst(String first);
	//last name
	public String getLast();
	public void setLast(String last);
	//email
	public String getEmail();
	public void setEmail(String email);
	//
	public boolean doSubscribe();
	
	public String getErrorString();
}

实现类MailingBeanFactory

package bean;

import java.sql.*;
/**
 * @author Bangwen Chen	
 *
 * 2013-8-5
 */public class MailingBeanFactory implements MailingBean{/** * @author Bangwen Chen * * 2013-8-5 */String first ="first";String last = "last";String email ="biang@126.com";Connection
 conn = null;PreparedStatement preStmt = null;public MailingBeanFactory(){ conn=DB.getConn();//Statement stmt=DB.getStmt(conn);String sql="insert into mail values(?,?,?,null)"; preStmt =DB.getPreStmt(conn, sql); } public static MailingBeanFactory newInstance(){
 return new MailingBeanFactory(); } public String getFirst(){return first;}public void setFirst(String first){this.first = first;try{preStmt.setString(1, first);}catch(SQLException e){e.printStackTrace();}}//last namepublic String getLast(){return last;}public
 void setLast(String last){this.last=last;try{preStmt.setString(2, last);}catch(SQLException e){e.printStackTrace();}}//emailpublic String getEmail(){return email;}public void setEmail(String email){this.email = email;try{preStmt.setString(3, email);}catch(SQLException
 e){e.printStackTrace();}}//public boolean doSubscribe(){boolean subscribe = true;try{preStmt.addBatch();preStmt.executeBatch();}catch(SQLException e){e.printStackTrace();subscribe = false;}finally{DB.closePreStmt(preStmt);DB.closeConn(conn);}return subscribe=true;}public
 String getErrorString(){return " ";}}

View：jsp，更新用户视图本例中实现了success.jsp failure.jsp。

success.jsp

<%@ page import="bean.*"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<jsp:useBean id="mailingbean" scope="request" class="bean.MailingBeanFactory" >
</jsp:useBean>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Subscription Results</title>
</head>
<body>
<br><br>
Dear <jsp:getProperty name="mailingbean" property="first"/>,
<br><br>
Congratulations!! the address
<jsp:getProperty name="mailingbean" property="email"/>
has subscribed successfully!!
</body>
</html>

failure.jsp

<%@ page import=bean.*%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <jsp:useBean id="mailingbean" scope="request" class="bean.MailingBeanFactory" />
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Subscription Results</title>
</head>
<body>
<br><br>
Dear <jsp:getProperty name="mailingbean" property="first"/>,
<br><br>
I am sorry to tell you that the address
<jsp:getProperty name="mailingbean" property="email"/>
 could not be added to the list !!

the problem was:

		I'm too lazy to write the code,so I just omit it......
</body>
</html>

tomcat中的部署：

webapps下新建了mail目录【WEB-INF(lib,classes),web,xml】

整个流程：客户端访问subscribe.html;并填写注册信息然后发送给控制器（ListController），控制器读取用户请求，更新模型（MialingBeanFactory）存储状态，并取得用于视图的模型信息，然后根据模型的更新结果将控制转给视图，视图将对应的页面（注册成功/失败）返回给用户。。

阿Biang

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J2EE的MVC模式

在J2EE设计模式一书中的第三章看到了MVC模式，并给出了Email注册的例子来详细阐释但没有详细代码，就动手写了一下以期更好地理解MVC模式，顺便复习下零星学的jsp.文献：J2EE设计模式 William Crawford JonathanKaplan。CH3表达层 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaBeans工程位置：Lomboz /MVC
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