VirtualBox在linux平台下 安装增强功能

This is guide, howto install Oracle VirtualBox Guest Additions on Fedora, CentOS and Red Hat (RHEL). This guide should work with Fedora 16, Fedora 15, Fedora 14, Fedora 13, Fedora 12, CentOS 6/5.7, Red Hat (RHEL) 6.1/6/5.7.

VirtualBox Guest Additions is special software that can be installed inside Linux virtual machines to improve performance and make integration much more seamless. Among the features provided by these VirtualBox Guest Additions are mouse pointer integration and arbitrary screen solutions (e.g. by resizing the guest window).

Install VirtualBox Guest Additions on Fedora, CentOS and Red Hat (RHEL)

命令行说明
不同平台的命令不同，注意区别

1. Change root user

//首先更改为root用户

su -
## OR ##
sudo -i

2. Mount VirtualBox Guest Additions

Click Devices > Install Guest Additions… on VirtualBox

Mount VirtualBox Guest Additions device

一般已经自动挂载，可省略

mkdir /media/VirtualBoxGuestAdditions
mount -r /dev/cdrom /media/VirtualBoxGuestAdditions

3. Make sure that you are running latest kernel

Update virtual machine kernel and reboot

升级后重启，升级文件大概49M

yum update kernel*
reboot

4. Install following packages

安装必要软件

yum install gcc kernel-devel kernel-headers

5. Add KERN_DIR environment variable

不同平台采用不同的命令

## Current running kernel on Fedora ##
KERN_DIR=/usr/src/kernels/`uname -r`
 
## Current running kernel on CentOS and Red Hat (RHEL) ##
KERN_DIR=/usr/src/kernels/`uname -r`-`uname -m`
 
## Fedora example ##
KERN_DIR=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.33.5-124.fc13.i686    提示：此处2.6.33.....最好用TAB键补全
 
## CentOS and Red Hat (RHEL) example ##
KERN_DIR=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-194.11.1.el5-x86_64
 
## Export KERN_DIR ##
export KERN_DIR

6. Install Guest Additions

cd /media/VirtualBoxGuestAdditions
 
# 32-bit and 64-bit systems run following
./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run

Output looks like following:

[root@fedora VBoxGuestAdditions]# ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run
Verifying archive integrity... All good.
Uncompressing VirtualBox 4.1.6 Guest Additions for Linux.........
VirtualBox Guest Additions installer
Removing installed version 4.1.6 of VirtualBox Guest Additions...
Removing existing VirtualBox DKMS kernel modules           [  OK  ]
Removing existing VirtualBox non-DKMS kernel modules       [  OK  ]
Building the VirtualBox Guest Additions kernel modules
Building the main Guest Additions module                   [  OK  ]
Building the shared folder support module                  [  OK  ]
Building the OpenGL support module                         [  OK  ]
Doing non-kernel setup of the Guest Additions              [  OK  ]
You should restart your guest to make sure the new modules are actually used

Installing the Window System drivers
Installing X.Org Server 1.11 modules                       [  OK  ]
Setting up the Window System to use the Guest Additions    [  OK  ]
You may need to restart the hal service and the Window System (or just restart
the guest system) to enable the Guest Additions.

Installing graphics libraries and desktop services componen[  OK  ]

7. Reboot guest system

reboot

Then VirtualBox Guest Additions install is ready.

完成！