Android常用异常及解决方案
1、什么是异常?
异常是指在程序运行中所出现的错误,这些错误会干扰到指令的正常执行,从而造成程序异常退出,这些异常出现的场景比如有:文件找不到,网络连接失败,非法参数等.
2、异常来源
就Java语言来说,所有的异常都继承自Throwable
3、Android常见异常分类
1-编译时错误
(eg:ClassNotFoundException/layout中找不到ID等)
2-运行是错误
(eg:数组越界/类型转换异常等)
4、全局异常捕获
public class CrashHandler implements Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler {
private static CrashHandler mInstance;
private Context mContext;
private Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler mDefaultHandler;
//存储设备信息和异常信息
private Map<String, String> mInfo = new HashMap<>();
//文件日期格式
private SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
private CrashHandler() {
}
/**
* 单例模式
*
* @return
*/
public static CrashHandler getmInstance() {
if (mInstance == null) {
synchronized (CrashHandler.class) {
if (mInstance == null) {
mInstance = new CrashHandler();
}
}
}
return mInstance;
}
/**
* 初始化
*
* @param context
*/
public void init(Context context) {
this.mContext = context.getApplicationContext();
mDefaultHandler = Thread.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler();
Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(this);
}
@Override
public void uncaughtException(Thread t, Throwable e) {
Log.e("hpc", "错误信息");
//1'收集错误信息
//2'保存错误信息
//3'上传服务器
if (!handleException(e)) {
//未处理,调用系统默认的处理器处理
if (mDefaultHandler != null) {
mDefaultHandler.uncaughtException(t, e);
}
} else {
//已经人为处理
Intent intent = new Intent(mContext.getApplicationContext(), MainActivity.class);
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
PendingIntent restartIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(
mContext.getApplicationContext(), 0, intent, 0);
//退出程序
AlarmManager mgr = (AlarmManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.ALARM_SERVICE);
mgr.set(AlarmManager.RTC, System.currentTimeMillis() + 1000,
restartIntent); // 1秒钟后重启应用*/
android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());
}
}
/**
* 是否人为处理异常
*
* @return true已经处理 false未处理
*/
private boolean handleException(Throwable e) {
if (e == null) {
return false;
} else {
//收集错误信息
collectErrorInfo();
//保存错误信息
saveErrorInfo(e);
return true;
}
}
private void saveErrorInfo(Throwable e) {
StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : mInfo.entrySet()) {
String keyName = entry.getKey();
String value = entry.getValue();
stringBuffer.append(keyName + "=" + value + "\n");
}
StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
e.printStackTrace(new PrintWriter(sw, true));
String strs = sw.toString();
stringBuffer.append(strs);
long curTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
String time = dateFormat.format(new Date());
String fileName = "crash-" + time + "-" + curTime + ".log";
//判断有没有sd卡
if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + File.separator;
File dir = new File(path);
if (!dir.exists()) {
dir.mkdirs();
}
FileOutputStream fos = null;
try {
fos = new FileOutputStream(path + fileName);
fos.write(stringBuffer.toString().getBytes());
} catch (FileNotFoundException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
fos.close();
Log.e("hpc", dir.getAbsolutePath());
} catch (IOException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
private void collectErrorInfo() {
PackageManager pm = mContext.getPackageManager();
try {
PackageInfo packageInfo = pm.getPackageInfo(mContext.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
if (packageInfo != null) {
String versionName = TextUtils.isEmpty(packageInfo.versionName) ? "未设置版本名称" : packageInfo.versionName;
String versionCode = packageInfo.versionCode + "";
mInfo.put("versionName", versionName);
mInfo.put("versionCode", versionCode);
Field fields[] = Build.class.getFields();
if (fields != null && fields.length > 0) {
for (Field field : fields) {
field.setAccessible(true);
mInfo.put(field.getName(), field.get(null).toString());
}
}
}
} catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private String mStr;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
private void initContent() {
System.out.println("" + (1 / 0));
}
public void error() {
initContent();
}
}
public class CustomApplication extends Application {
private CrashHandler crashHandler;
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
crashHandler = CrashHandler.getmInstance();
crashHandler.init(this);
}
}