有时候项目不止只有一个数据库,可能需要有多个,根据需要切换
准备
1,新建一个springBoot项目,用idea新建很方便,不多说,pom文件的包引入
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.4.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.mysql.study</groupId>
<artifactId>test</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>test</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<lombok.version>1.18.6</lombok.version>
<mybatis.version>1.3.2</mybatis.version>
<lombox.version>1.18.6</lombox.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加springboot 测试坐标 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加mybatis依赖坐标 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加mysql驱动器坐标 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加druid数据源坐标 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.1.10</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加AOP坐标 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2,准备两个数据库
开始
1,配置文件:
spring:
datasource:
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
druid:
a-master: # 主数据源
driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
username: root
password: 123456
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/my_test?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
b-master: # 从数据源
driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
username: root
password: 123456
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/my_test1?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
mybatis:
mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
2,准备数据源配置
我们不使用默认的,要自己写个数据源配置,DynamicDataSource继承AbstractRoutingDataSource
AbstractRoutingDataSource是spring-jdbc包提供的一个了AbstractDataSource的抽象类,它实现了DataSource接口的用于获取数据库连接的方法。
AbstractRoutingDataSource的内部维护了一个名为targetDataSources的Map,并提供的setter方法用于设置数据源关键字与数据源的关系,实现类被要求实现其determineCurrentLookupKey()方法,由此方法的返回值决定具体从哪个数据源中获取连接。
package com.mysql.study.test.dataSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.AbstractRoutingDataSource;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.Map;
public class DynamicDataSource extends AbstractRoutingDataSource {
private static final ThreadLocal<String> contextHolder = new ThreadLocal<>();
public DynamicDataSource(DataSource defaultSource, Map<Object,Object> targetSource) {
super.setDefaultTargetDataSource(defaultSource);
super.setTargetDataSources(targetSource);
super.afterPropertiesSet();
}
@Override
protected Object determineCurrentLookupKey() {
return getDataSource();
}
public static void setDataSource(String dataSource) {
contextHolder.set(dataSource);
}
public static String getDataSource() {
return contextHolder.get();
}
public static void clearDataSource() {
contextHolder.remove();
}
}
注入数据源到spring的ioc容器中去,交给spring管理,很简单,写个配置类
package com.mysql.study.test.dataSource;
import com.alibaba.druid.spring.boot.autoconfigure.DruidDataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.beans.ConstructorProperties;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
@Component
@Configuration
public class DynamicDataSourceConfig {
//配置数据源bean,有几个配几个
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.druid.a-master")
public DataSource aMasterDataSource() {
return DruidDataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}
@Bean
@ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource.druid.b-master")
public DataSource bMasterDataSource() {
return DruidDataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}
//Primary注解作用是自动装配时当出现多个Bean候选者时,被注解为@Primary的Bean将作为首选者,否则将抛出异常
//这里注意方法中的入参名要跟上面的bean要一致,不然找不到,会报错,加个Qualifier注解
@Bean
@Primary
public DynamicDataSource dataSource(@Qualifier("aMasterDataSource") DataSource aMasterDataSource, @Qualifier("bMasterDataSource") DataSource bMasterDataSource) {
Map<Object,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("a-master",aMasterDataSource);
map.put("b-master",bMasterDataSource);
return new DynamicDataSource(aMasterDataSource,map);
}
}
写个注解,在mapper方法上使用就可以动态切换
package com.mysql.study.test.aspect;
import java.lang.annotation.*;
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface DataSource {
String name() default "";
}
package com.mysql.study.test.aspect;
import com.mysql.study.test.dataSource.DynamicDataSource;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.xml.crypto.Data;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
@Aspect
@Component
public class DataSourceAspect {
@Pointcut("@annotation(com.mysql.study.test.aspect.DataSource)")
public void dataSourcePointCut() {
}
@Around("dataSourcePointCut()")
public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint point) throws Throwable {
MethodSignature signature = (MethodSignature) point.getSignature();
Method method = signature.getMethod();
DataSource dataSource = method.getAnnotation(DataSource.class);
if (dataSource == null) {
DynamicDataSource.setDataSource("a-master");
} else {
DynamicDataSource.setDataSource(dataSource.name());
}
try {
return point.proceed();
} finally {
DynamicDataSource.clearDataSource();
}
}
}
然后我们在mapper上使用注解
package com.mysql.study.test.mapper;
import com.mysql.study.test.entity.User;
import com.mysql.study.test.aspect.DataSource;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserMapper {
List<User> getList1();
@DataSource( name = "b-master")
List<User> getList();
}
第一个方法没使用注解,就默认使用主数据源,第二个使用了就会使用从数据源
启动类加下注解
package com.mysql.study.test;
import com.alibaba.druid.spring.boot.autoconfigure.DruidDataSourceAutoConfigure;
import com.mysql.study.test.dataSource.DynamicDataSource;
import com.mysql.study.test.dataSource.DynamicDataSourceConfig;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
//取消自动加载的数据源
@SpringBootApplication(exclude = DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class)
//指定扫描包
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.mysql.study.test.mapper")
//导入自定义的配置类
@Import(DynamicDataSourceConfig.class)
public class TestApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(TestApplication.class, args);
}
}
写个controller测试下
package com.mysql.study.test.controller;
import com.mysql.study.test.entity.User;
import com.mysql.study.test.mapper.UserMapper;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.List;
@RestController
@RequestMapping
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@GetMapping("/{name}/list")
public List<User> list(@PathVariable("name") String name) {
if (name.equals("master")) {
return userMapper.getList1();
} else {
return userMapper.getList();
}
}
}
启动项目,因为这个是get方法,所以简单的用浏览器请求就行,或者用postman或者其他工具请求,根据入参的不同调用的方法不同,