一个在linux下生成bmp程序

分享代码：

很多人都搞不定内存对齐的问题，最近帮老焦他们写测试程序，用到一个BMP GENERATOR，写了个比较简单的版本，仅针对24位真彩，现把代码公布

                #include <iostream>

                using namespace std;
                typedef long BOOL;
                typedef long LONG;
                typedef unsigned char BYTE;
                typedef unsigned long DWORD;
                typedef unsigned short WORD;
                typedef struct {
                        WORD    bfType;//2
                        DWORD   bfSize;//4
                        WORD    bfReserved1;//2
                        WORD    bfReserved2;//2
                        DWORD   bfOffBits;//4
                }__attribute__((packed))FileHead;
                typedef struct{
                        DWORD      biSize;//4
                        LONG       biWidth;//4
                        LONG       biHeight;//4
                        WORD       biPlanes;//2
                        WORD       biBitCount;//2
                        DWORD      biCompress;//4
                        DWORD      biSizeImage;//4
                        LONG       biXPelsPerMeter;//4
                        LONG       biYPelsPerMeter;//4
                        DWORD      biClrUsed;//4
                        DWORD      biClrImportant;//4
                }__attribute__((packed))Infohead;
                /*typedef   struct
                {
                    unsigned   char     rgbBlue;   
                    unsigned   char     rgbGreen;
                    unsigned   char     rgbRed;  
                    unsigned   char     rgbReserved;
                }RGBQuad;//it may be useless*/
                typedef struct
                {
                    BYTE b;
                    BYTE g;
                    BYTE r;
                }RGB_data;//RGB TYPE
                int bmp_generator(char * filename,int width,int

height,unsigned char *data)
                {
                    FileHead bmp_head;
                    Infohead bmp_info;
                    int size = width*height*3;
                    //Test data
                /*    RGB_Test bmp_data[width][height];
                    int i,j;
                    for (i=0;i<width;i++)
                        for (j=0;j<height;j++)
                        {
                                bmp_data[i][j].g=bmp_data[i][j].b=0;
                            bmp_data[i][j].r=0xff;
                        }
                */    
                    bmp_head.bfType=0x4d42;
                    bmp_head.bfSize=size+sizeof(FileHead)+sizeof

(Infohead);//24+head+info no quad    
                    bmp_head.bfReserved1=bmp_head.bfReserved2=0;
                    bmp_head.bfOffBits=bmp_head.bfSize-size;
                    //finish the initial of head
                    bmp_info.biSize=40;
                    bmp_info.biWidth=width;
                    bmp_info.biHeight=height;
                    bmp_info.biPlanes=1;
                    bmp_info.biBitCount = 24;
                    bmp_info.biCompress=0;
                    bmp_info.biSizeImage=size;
                    bmp_info.biXPelsPerMeter=0;
                    bmp_info.biYPelsPerMeter=0;
                    bmp_info.biClrUsed=0;
                    bmp_info.biClrImportant=0;
                    //finish the initial of infohead;
                    //copy the data
                    
                //    fstream file3(filename);
                    FILE *fp;
                    if(!(fp=fopen(filename,"wb"))) return 0;
                    //zhunan 2.6.00:58
                    fwrite(&bmp_head,1,sizeof(FileHead),fp);
                    fwrite(&bmp_info,1,sizeof(Infohead),fp);
                    fwrite(data,1,size,fp);
                    fclose(fp);
                    
                    return 1;
                        

                }

                int main(int argc,char **argv)
                {
                    int i,j;
                    RGB_data buffer[512][512];
                //    cout<<"usage:bmp_generator width height"<<endl;
                    cout<<"programmed by zhunan"<<endl;
                    cout<<"API Guide:"<<endl;
                    cout<<"bmp_generator(char * filename,int width,int

height,unsigned char * data);"<<endl;
                    memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
                    //please edit width and height here
                    //zhunan testdata
                    //hard coding
                    for (i=0;i<256;i++)
                        for (j=0;j<256;j++)
                        {
                        //          buffer[i][j].g=buffer[i]

[j].b=0x00;
                            buffer[i][j].r=0xff;
                        }
                    bmp_generator("/home/zhunan/1234.bmp",512,512,

(BYTE*)buffer);    
                    return 1;

                }

         

               结束语：

__attribute__((packed))的用法相当重要，它能够使结构体产生内存缩进，就是后一个定义的内存紧接着前面占用的内存。相当于内存即定义变量字节的总和。这在bmp后面写文件的时候极其重要。

        24位bmp基本格式字节结构：14+40+320*240*3；

        8位bmp基本格式字节分布结构：14+40+320*240*1；

        如果想得到8位灰度值bmp图片：

        8位bmp灰度值基本格式字节分布结构：14+40+320*240*1+data（调色板+映射）；

             还在研究中···