1. switch中增加对String类型的支持。
Java代码
- public String generate(String name, String gender) {
- String title = "";
- switch (gender) {
- case "男":
- title = name + " 先生";
- break;
- case "女":
- title = name + " 女士";
- break;
- default:
- title = name;
- }
- return title;
public String generate(String name, Stringgender) {
String title = "";
switch (gender) {
case "男":
title = name + " 先生";
break;
case "女":
title = name + " 女士";
break;
default:
title = name;
}
return title;
}
编译器在编译时先做处理:
①case只有一种情况,直接转成if;
②如果只有一个case和default,则直接转换为if...else...;
③有多个case,先将String转换为hashCode,然后对应的进行处理,JavaCode在底层兼容Java7以前版本。
2. 数字字面量的改进
①增加二进制表示
Java7前支持十进制(123)、八进制(0123)、十六进制(0X12AB)
Java7增加二进制表示(0B11110001、0b11110001)
②数字中可添加分隔符
Java7中支持在数字量中间增加'_'作为分隔符,更直观,如(12_123_456),下划线只能在数字中间,编译时编译器自动删除数字中的下划线。
3. 异常处理
①Throwable类增加addSuppressed方法和getSuppressed方法,支持原始异常中加入被抑制的异常。
异常抑制:在try和finally中同时抛出异常时,finally中抛出的异常会在异常栈中向上传递,而try中产生的原始异常会消失。
在Java7之前的版本,可以将原始异常保存,在finally中产生异常时抛出原始异常:
Java代码
- public void read(String filename) throws BaseException {
- FileInputStream input = null;
- IOException readException = null;
- try {
- input = new FileInputStream(filename);
- } catch (IOException ex) {
- readException = ex; //保存原始异常
- } finally {
- if (input != null) {
- try {
- input.close();
- } catch (IOException ex) {
- if (readException == null) {
- readException = ex;
- }
- }
- }
- if (readException != null) {
- throw new BaseException(readException);
- }
- }
- }
public void read(String filename) throwsBaseException {
FileInputStream input = null;
IOException readException = null;
try {
input = newFileInputStream(filename);
} catch (IOException ex) {
readException = ex; //保存原始异常
} finally {
if (input != null) {
try {
input.close();
} catch (IOException ex) {
if (readException == null){
readException = ex;
}
}
}
if (readException != null) {
throw new BaseException(readException);
}
}
}
在Java7中的版本,可以使用addSuppressed方法记录被抑制的异常:
Java代码
- public void read(String filename) throws IOException {
- FileInputStream input = null;
- IOException readException = null;
- try {
- input = new FileInputStream(filename);
- } catch (IOException ex) {
- readException = ex;
- } finally {
- if (input != null) {
- try {
- input.close();
- } catch (IOException ex) {
- if (readException != null) { //此处的区别
- readException.addSuppressed(ex);
- }
- else {
- readException = ex;
- }
- }
- }
- if (readException != null) {
- throw readException;
- }
- }
- }
public void read(String filename) throwsIOException {
FileInputStream input = null;
IOException readException = null;
try {
input = newFileInputStream(filename);
} catch (IOException ex) {
readException = ex;
} finally {
if (input != null) {
try {
input.close();
} catch (IOException ex) {
if (readException != null){ //此处的区别
readException.addSuppressed(ex);
}
else {
readException = ex;
}
}
}
if (readException != null) {
throw readException;
}
}
}
②catch子句可以同时捕获多个异常
Java代码
- public void testSequence() {
- try {
- Integer.parseInt("Hello");
- }
- catch (NumberFormatException | RuntimeException e) { //使用'|'分割,多个类型,一个对象e
- }
- }
public void testSequence() {
try {
Integer.parseInt("Hello");
}
catch (NumberFormatException |RuntimeException e) { //使用'|'分割,多个类型,一个对象e
}
}
③try-with-resources语句
Java7之前需要在finally中关闭socket、文件、数据库连接等资源;
Java7中在try语句中申请资源,实现资源的自动释放(资源类必须实现java.lang.AutoCloseable接口,一般的文件、数据库连接等均已实现该接口,close方法将被自动调用)。
Java代码
- public void read(String filename) throws IOException {
- try (BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(filename))) {
- StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
- String line = null;
- while((line=reader.readLine())!=null){
- builder.append(line);
- builder.append(String.format("%n"));
- }
- return builder.toString();
- }
- }
public void read(String filename) throwsIOException {
try (BufferedReader reader = newBufferedReader(new FileReader(filename))) {
StringBuilder builder = newStringBuilder();
String line = null;
while((line=reader.readLine())!=null){
builder.append(line);
builder.append(String.format("%n"));
}
return builder.toString();
}
}
try子句中可以管理多个资源:
Java代码
- public void copyFile(String fromPath, String toPath) throws IOException {
- try ( InputStream input = new FileInputStream(fromPath);
- OutputStream output = new FileOutputStream(toPath) ) {
- byte[] buffer = new byte[8192];
- int len = -1;
- while( (len=input.read(buffer))!=-1 ) {
- output.write(buffer, 0, len);
- }
- }
- }
public void copyFile(String fromPath,String toPath) throws IOException {
try ( InputStream input = new FileInputStream(fromPath);
OutputStream output = new FileOutputStream(toPath) ) {
byte[] buffer = new byte[8192];
int len = -1;
while( (len=input.read(buffer))!=-1 ) {
output.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
}
}
4. 变长参数方法的优化
Java7之前版本中的变长参数方法:
Java代码
- public int sum(int... args) {
- int result = 0;
- for (int value : args) {
- result += value;
- }
- return result;
- }
public int sum(int... args) {
int result = 0;
for (int value : args) {
result += value;
}
return result;
}
当参数为不可具体化的类型时,如List,编译器将产生警告,需要使用@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")注解声明;Java7中使用@SafeVarargs注解抑制编译器警告。
Java代码
- @SafeVarargs
- public static <T> T useVarargs(T... args) {
- return args.length > 0 ? args[0] : null;
- }
@SafeVarargs
public static <T> T useVarargs(T...args) {
return args.length > 0 ? args[0] :null;
}
Java代码
- VarargsWarning.useVarargs(new ArrayList<String>());
VarargsWarning.useVarargs(newArrayList<String>());
本文转载自http://uuhorse.iteye.com/blog/1704118