Suppose you have N integers from 1 to N. We define a beautiful arrangement as an array that is constructed by these N numbers successfully if one of the following is true for the ith position (1 ≤ i ≤ N) in this array:
- The number at the ith position is divisible by i.
- i is divisible by the number at the ith position.
Now given N, how many beautiful arrangements can you construct?
Example 1:
Input: 2 Output: 2 Explanation:
The first beautiful arrangement is [1, 2]:
Number at the 1st position (i=1) is 1, and 1 is divisible by i (i=1).
Number at the 2nd position (i=2) is 2, and 2 is divisible by i (i=2).
The second beautiful arrangement is [2, 1]:
Number at the 1st position (i=1) is 2, and 2 is divisible by i (i=1).
Number at the 2nd position (i=2) is 1, and i (i=2) is divisible by 1.
Note:
- N is a positive integer and will not exceed 15.
public class Beautiful_Arrangement_526 {
int count=0;
public void getNextPosition(int thisNum,int N,int[] nums,int leftNums){
if(thisNum>N){
return;
}
for(int i=1;i<=N;i++){
if(nums[i]==0&&(i%thisNum==0||thisNum%i==0)){
nums[i]=thisNum;
leftNums--;
if(leftNums==0){
count++;
}
getNextPosition(thisNum+1, N, nums,leftNums);
nums[i]=0;
leftNums++;
}
}
}
public int countArrangement(int N) {
if(N==1)
return 1;
for(int i=1;i<=N;i++){
int[] nums=new int[N+1];
nums[i]=1;
getNextPosition(2,N,nums,N-1);
}
return count;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Beautiful_Arrangement_526 b=new Beautiful_Arrangement_526();
System.out.println(b.countArrangement(5));
}
}
大神的解法跟我差不多,但是很明显人家就用的DFS的思想,不像我是瞎编出来的。
public class Solution {
public int countArrangement(int N) {
dfs(N, N, new boolean[N + 1]);
return count;
}
int count = 0;
void dfs(int N, int k, boolean[] visited) {
if (k == 0) {
count++;
return;
}
for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++) {
if (visited[i] || k % i != 0 && i % k != 0) {
continue;
}
visited[i] = true;
dfs(N, k - 1, visited);
visited[i] = false;
}
}
}
而且人家是从后往前遍历,显然后面数字大,所要试的格子数会减少,这样也能增快速度。
The back tracking start from the back so that each search won't go too deep before it fails because smaller numbers have higher chance to be divisible among themselves. Also I don't use "visited" boolean array but use swap of an array of 1~N to avoid duplication.