Netty入门应用

这是一个简单的时间服务器，当客户端发来请求的时候，返回当前的时间

public class TimeServer {

    public void bind(int port) throws Exception {
        // 配置服务端的NIO线程组
        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
            serverBootstrap
                    .group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024)
                    .childHandler(new ChildChannelHandler());
            // 绑定端口，同步等待成功
            ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(port).sync();

            // 等待服务端监听端口关闭
            channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            // 优雅退出，释放线程池资源
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }

    private class ChildChannelHandler extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
        @Override
        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) {
            socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(new TimeServerHandler());
        }

    }

    /**
     * @param args
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        int port = 8080;
        if (args != null && args.length > 0) {
            try {
                port = Integer.valueOf(args[0]);
            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                // 采用默认值
            }
        }
        new TimeServer().bind(port);
    }
}

public class TimeServerHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
        ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf) msg;
        byte[] req = new byte[buf.readableBytes()];
        buf.readBytes(req);
        String body = new String(req, "UTF-8");
        System.out.println("The time server receive order : " + body);
        String currentTime = "QUERY TIME ORDER".equalsIgnoreCase(body)
                ? new java.util.Date(System.currentTimeMillis()).toString() : "BAD ORDER";
        ByteBuf resp = Unpooled.copiedBuffer(currentTime.getBytes());
        ctx.write(resp);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
        ctx.flush();
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
        ctx.close();
    }
}

代码主要框架是这样的

1. 配置服务端的两个线程组bossGroup workerGroup

2. 通过一系列链式调用，构造serverBootstrap

ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
            serverBootstrap
                    .group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 1024)
                    .childHandler(new ChildChannelHandler());

3. 设置handler

4. 绑定端口，启动服务

 

下面看下TimeServerHandler，主要是覆盖了channelRead方法，表示当服务器接受到信息的时候，将执行的代码

public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
        ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf) msg;
        byte[] req = new byte[buf.readableBytes()];
        buf.readBytes(req);
        String body = new String(req, "UTF-8");
        System.out.println("The time server receive order : " + body);
        String currentTime = "QUERY TIME ORDER".equalsIgnoreCase(body)
                ? new java.util.Date(System.currentTimeMillis()).toString() : "BAD ORDER";
        ByteBuf resp = Unpooled.copiedBuffer(currentTime.getBytes());
        ctx.write(resp);
    }

ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf) msg; 将消息对象转换成ByteBuf,ByteBuff类似JDK中的java.nio.ByteBuffer对象，不过更强大

buf.readableBytes() 返回可读取的字节数目

buf.readBytes(req) 读取内容到req中

这个时候我们就拿到了客户端请求的信息并保存到了req数组中了

 

 

下面是Client端代码

public class TimeClient {

    public void connect(int port, String host) throws Exception {
        // 配置客户端NIO线程组
        EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
            bootstrap.group(group)
                    .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
                    .option(ChannelOption.TCP_NODELAY, true)
                    .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        public void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) {
                            socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(new TimeClientHandler());
                        }
                    });

            // 发起异步连接操作
            ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.connect(host, port).sync();

            // 当代客户端链路关闭
            channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } finally {
            // 优雅退出，释放NIO线程组
            group.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param args
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        int port = 8080;
        if (args != null && args.length > 0) {
            try {
                port = Integer.valueOf(args[0]);
            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                // 采用默认值
            }
        }
        new TimeClient().connect(port, "127.0.0.1");
    }
}

public class TimeClientHandler extends ChannelHandlerAdapter {

    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(TimeClientHandler.class.getName());

    private final ByteBuf firstMessage;

    /**
     * Creates a client-side handler.
     */
    public TimeClientHandler() {
        byte[] req = "QUERY TIME ORDER".getBytes();
        firstMessage = Unpooled.buffer(req.length);
        firstMessage.writeBytes(req);

    }

    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
        ctx.writeAndFlush(firstMessage);
    }

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
        ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf) msg;
        byte[] req = new byte[buf.readableBytes()];
        buf.readBytes(req);
        String body = new String(req, "UTF-8");
        System.out.println("Now is : " + body);
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
        // 释放资源
        logger.warning("Unexpected exception from downstream : " + cause.getMessage());
        ctx.close();
    }
}

除了编写代码来实现客户端之外，我们还可以使用linux的telnet命令

telnet localhsot 8080

 

服务端将接受到客户端的信息并且打印出来