前言
前面历经33篇内容的讲解,与ES的请求操作都是在Kibana平台上用Restful请求完成的,一直没发布Java或python的客户端代码,Restful才是运用、理解ES核心功能最直接的表达方式,但实际项目中肯定是以Java/python来完成ES请求的发起与数据处理的,前面理解了ES的核心功能,后面Java API的使用将会非常简单,剩余的未覆盖的功能API,自行查阅文档即可。
概要
本篇讲解Elasticsearch的客户端API开发的一些示例,以Java语言为主,介绍一些最常用,最核心的API。
代码示例
引入依赖
我们以maven项目为例,添加项目依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
<artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
<version>6.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
<artifactId>transport</artifactId>
<version>6.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
<version>2.12.1</version>
</dependency>
建立ES连接
- 创建Settings对象,指定集群名称
- 创建TransportClient对象,手动指定IP、端口即可
Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("cluster.name", "elasticsearch").build();
TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings).addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("localhost"), 9300));
如果集群的节点数比较多,为每个node分别指定IP、Port可行性不高,我们可以使用集群节点自动探查的功能,代码如下:
// 将client.transport.sniff设置为true即可打开集群节点自动探查功能
Settings settings = Settings.builder().put("client.transport.sniff", true)..put("cluster.name", "elasticsearch").build();
// 只需要指定一个node就行
TransportClient client = new PreBuiltTransportClient(settings);
transport.addTransportAddress(new TransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("192.168.17.137"), 9300));
基本CRUD
最基本的CRUD代码,可以当作入门demo来写:
/**
* 创建员工信息(创建一个document)
* @param client
*/
private static void createEmployee(TransportClient client) throws Exception {
IndexResponse response = client.prepareIndex("company", "employee", "1")
.setSource(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
.startObject()
.field("name", "jack")
.field("age", 27)
.field("position", "technique")
.field("country", "china")
.field("join_date", "2017-01-01")
.field("salary", 10000)
.endObject())
.get();
System.out.println(response.getResult());
}
/**
* 获取员工信息
* @param client
* @throws Exception
*/
private static void getEmployee(TransportClient client) throws Exception {
GetResponse response = client.prepareGet("company", "employee", "1").get();
System.out.println(response.getSourceAsString());
}
/**
* 修改员工信息
* @param client
* @throws Exception
*/
private static void updateEmployee(TransportClient client) throws Exception {
UpdateResponse response = client.prepareUpdate("company", "employee", "1")
.setDoc(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
.startObject()