传智Struts2笔记（15）Struts2+Spring2.5+Hibernate3.3整合开发

Struts2+Spring2.5+Hibernate3.3整合开发
下面给出整合开发时Struts 2、 Hibernate、Spring需要的JAR。
struts2-core-2.x.x.jar :Struts 2框架的核心类库
Xwork-core-2.x.x.jar :XWork类库，Struts 2在其上构建
ognl-2.6.x.jar :对象图导航语言（Object Graph Navigation Language），struts2框架通过其读写对象的属性
freemarker-2.3.x.jar :Struts 2的UI标签的模板使用FreeMarker编写
commons-fileupload-1.2.x.jar 文件上传组件，2.1.6版本后需要加入此文件
struts2-spring-plugin-2.x.x.jar ：用于struts2集成Spring的插件
hibernate核心安装包下的(下载路径：http://www.hibernate.org/，点击“Hibernate Core”右边的“Downloads”):
hibernate3.jar
lib/bytecode/cglib/hibernate-cglib-repack-2.1_3.jar
lib/required/*.jar
hibernate 注解安装包下的(下载路径：www.hibernate.org，点击“Hibernate Annotations”右边的“Downloads”):
hibernate-annotations.jar
lib/ejb3-persistence.jar、hibernate-commons-annotations.jar
Hibernate针对JPA的实现包(下载路径：www.hibernate.org，点击“Hibernate Entitymanager”右边的“Downloads”):
hibernate-entitymanager.jar
lib/test/log4j.jar、slf4j-log4j12.jar
Spring安装包下的
dist/spring.jar
lib/c3p0/c3p0-0.9.1.2.jar   lib/aspectj/aspectjweaver.jar、aspectjrt.jar    lib/cglib/cglib-nodep-2.1_3.jar
lib/j2ee/common-annotations.jar     lib/log4j/log4j-1.2.15.jar      lib/jakarta-commons/commons-logging.jar
MYSQL数据库驱动jar


Spring的配置模版：

Xml代码

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
3.        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
4.        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
5.        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
6.        xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
7.        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
8.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd   
9.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context   
10.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd   
11.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd   
12.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">  
13.   
14. </beans>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

</beans>

第一步在Spring中配置数据源：

Xml代码

1. <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close">  
2.     <property name="driverClass" value="org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver"/>  
3.     <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/itcast?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>  
4.     <property name="user" value="root"/>  
5.     <property name="password" value="123456"/>  
6.     <!--初始化时获取的连接数，取值应在minPoolSize与maxPoolSize之间。Default: 3 -->  
7.     <property name="initialPoolSize" value="1"/>  
8.     <!--连接池中保留的最小连接数。-->  
9.     <property name="minPoolSize" value="1"/>     
10.     <!--连接池中保留的最大连接数。Default: 15 -->  
11.     <property name="maxPoolSize" value="300"/>  
12.     <!--最大空闲时间,60秒内未使用则连接被丢弃。若为0则永不丢弃。Default: 0 -->  
13.     <property name="maxIdleTime" value="60"/>    
14.     <!--当连接池中的连接耗尽的时候c3p0一次同时获取的连接数。Default: 3 -->  
15.     <property name="acquireIncrement" value="5"/>    
16.     <!--每60秒检查所有连接池中的空闲连接。Default: 0 -->  
17.     <property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="60"/>  
18. </bean>  

<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close">
	<property name="driverClass" value="org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver"/>
	<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/itcast?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
	<property name="user" value="root"/>
	<property name="password" value="123456"/>
	<!--初始化时获取的连接数，取值应在minPoolSize与maxPoolSize之间。Default: 3 -->
	<property name="initialPoolSize" value="1"/>
	<!--连接池中保留的最小连接数。-->
	<property name="minPoolSize" value="1"/>	
	<!--连接池中保留的最大连接数。Default: 15 -->
	<property name="maxPoolSize" value="300"/>
	<!--最大空闲时间,60秒内未使用则连接被丢弃。若为0则永不丢弃。Default: 0 -->
	<property name="maxIdleTime" value="60"/>	
	<!--当连接池中的连接耗尽的时候c3p0一次同时获取的连接数。Default: 3 -->
	<property name="acquireIncrement" value="5"/>	
	<!--每60秒检查所有连接池中的空闲连接。Default: 0 -->
	<property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="60"/>
</bean>

第二步集成进hibernate ：

Xml代码

1. <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  
2.     <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>  
3.      <property name="mappingResources">  
4.             <list>  
5.               <value>cn/itcast/bean/buyer.hbm.xml</value>  
6.             </list>  
7.     </property>  
8.      <property name="hibernateProperties">  
9.          <value>  
10.               hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect   
11.               hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update  
12.               hibernate.show_sql=false  
13.               hibernate.format_sql=false  
14.           </value>  
15.      </property>  
16. </bean>  

<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
	<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
	 <property name="mappingResources">
		    <list>
		      <value>cn/itcast/bean/buyer.hbm.xml</value>
		    </list>
	</property>
	 <property name="hibernateProperties">
		 <value>
		      hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
		      hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
		      hibernate.show_sql=false
		      hibernate.format_sql=false
		  </value>
	 </property>
</bean>

第三步使用Spring容器管理事务服务：

Xml代码

1. <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
2.     <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>  
3. </bean>  
4.   
5. <!--使用基于注解方式配置事务 -->  
6. <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/>  

<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
	<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
</bean>

<!--使用基于注解方式配置事务 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/>

配置hibernate实体映射文件buyer.hbm.xml：

Xml代码

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC   
3.         "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"   
4.         "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">  
5. <hibernate-mapping package="cn.itcast.bean">  
6.     <class name=“Buyer" table=“buyer">  
7.        <id name="username" length="20"/>  
8.        <property name="password" length="20" not-null="true"/>  
9.       <property name="gender" not-null="true" length="5">  
10.             <type name="org.hibernate.type.EnumType">  
11.                 <param name="enumClass">cn.itcast.bean.Gender</param>  
12. <!-- 12为java.sql.Types.VARCHAR常量值，即保存枚举的字面值到数据库。如果不指定type参数，保存枚举的索引值(从0开始)到数据库-->  
13.                 <param name="type">12</param>  
14.             </type>  
15.         </property>  
16.     </class>  
17. </hibernate-mapping>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="cn.itcast.bean">
    <class name=“Buyer" table=“buyer">
       <id name="username" length="20"/>
       <property name="password" length="20" not-null="true"/>
      <property name="gender" not-null="true" length="5">
        	<type name="org.hibernate.type.EnumType">
        		<param name="enumClass">cn.itcast.bean.Gender</param>
<!-- 12为java.sql.Types.VARCHAR常量值，即保存枚举的字面值到数据库。如果不指定type参数，保存枚举的索引值(从0开始)到数据库-->
        		<param name="type">12</param>
        	</type>
        </property>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

在web容器中使用Listener实例化spring容器和配置struts2
!-- 指定spring的配置文件，默认从web根目录寻找配置文件，我们可以通过spring提供的classpath:前缀指定从类路径下寻找 -->

Xml代码

1. <context-param>  
2.    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
3.    <param-value>classpath:beans.xml</param-value>  
4. </context-param>  
5. <!-- 对Spring容器进行实例化 -->  
6. <listener>  
7.       <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  
8. </listener>  

<context-param>
   <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
   <param-value>classpath:beans.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 对Spring容器进行实例化 -->
<listener>
      <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

配置struts2
 

Xml代码

1. <filter>  
2.        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>  
3.        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>  
4.    </filter>  
5.    <filter-mapping>  
6.        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>  
7.        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
8.   </filter-mapping>  

 <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
   </filter-mapping>

struts2的配置文件模版struts.xml如下。常量struts.objectFactory=spring明确指出将由Spring负责创建Action实例。

Xml代码

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>  
2. <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC   
3.     "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"   
4.     "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">  
5. <struts>  
6. <!-- 默认的视图主题 -->  
7.     <constant name="struts.ui.theme" value="simple" />  
8.     <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />  
9.     <package name="person" namespace="/person" extends="struts-default">  
10.         <global-results>  
11.             <result name="message">/WEB-INF/page/message.jsp</result>  
12.         </global-results>  
13.         <action name="action_*" class="personList" method="{1}">  
14.             <result name="list">/WEB-INF/page/persons.jsp</result>          </action>  
15.      </package>  
16. </struts>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<!-- 默认的视图主题 -->
    <constant name="struts.ui.theme" value="simple" />
    <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />
 	<package name="person" namespace="/person" extends="struts-default">
 		<global-results>
 			<result name="message">/WEB-INF/page/message.jsp</result>
 		</global-results>
		<action name="action_*" class="personList" method="{1}">
			<result name="list">/WEB-INF/page/persons.jsp</result>			</action>
   	 </package>
</struts>

<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />
为了能从spring容器中寻找到Action bean，要求action配置的class属性值和spring中bean的名称相同。

使用spring解决struts2乱码问题。

Xml代码

1. <filter>  
2.     <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>  
3.     <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  
4.     <init-param>  
5.         <param-name>encoding</param-name>  
6.         <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>  
7.     </init-param>  
8. </filter>  
9. <filter-mapping>  
10.     <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>  
11.     <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
12. </filter-mapping>  

<filter>
	<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
	<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
	<init-param>
		<param-name>encoding</param-name>
		<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
	</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
	<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
	<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

使用spring解决hibernate因session关闭导致的延迟加载例外问题。

Xml代码

1. <filter>  
2.         <filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>  
3.         <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>  
4.        <init-param>  
5.    <!-- 指定org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean在spring配置文件中的名称,默认值为sessionFactory.如果LocalSessionFactoryBean在spring中的名称不是sessionFactory,该参数一定要指定,否则会出现找不到sessionFactory的例外 -->  
6.             <param-name>sessionFactoryBeanName</param-name>  
7.             <param-value>sessionFactory</param-value>  
8.       </init-param>  
9. </filter>  
10. <filter-mapping>  
11.         <filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>  
12.         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
13. </filter-mapping>  

<filter>
        <filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
       <init-param>
   <!-- 指定org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean在spring配置文件中的名称,默认值为sessionFactory.如果LocalSessionFactoryBean在spring中的名称不是sessionFactory,该参数一定要指定,否则会出现找不到sessionFactory的例外 -->
            <param-name>sessionFactoryBeanName</param-name>
            <param-value>sessionFactory</param-value>
      </init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

struts2的标签
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>

<s:form action="action_edit" method="post" namespace="/person">
<s:hidden name="person.id"/>
姓名:<s:textfield name="person.name"/><br>
<input type="submit" value="发送"/>
</s:form>

<s:iterator value="persons" >
<s:property value="id"/>, <s:property value="name"/>
<a href='<s:url action="action_editUI" namespace="/person"><s:param name="person.id" value="id"/></s:url>'>修改</a>
</s:iterator>