付费计量系统通用过程

        See also Clause 4 for a discussion on general concepts and Clause 6 on the generic payment metering system application process. A process definition describes the flow of data elements or of a sequence of events, each being defined and distinguishable within the system. As a particular instance of a process progresses along it’s life cycle, it changes (transitions) from
one state to the next state, each state having clearly defined entry and exit criteria. A process
will have one or more start and end states with one or more specified intermediate states.
Each state entry or exit or transition is triggered by defined conditions and will employ the
services of functions or will invoke other processes to operate on or to move data elements
within the system. These functions may be embodied in several different, but mutually
associated devices that are deployed within the system. A process may thus employ the
services of several functions, several other processes, involve several different system users
and devices and operate on several data elements during the life cycle of a particular process
instance. A process may be defined in terms of a state diagram, a flow diagram or by means
of a pseudo code such as ASN. Certain processes may be automated, which will execute
without the intervention of a system user, while manual processes require the participation of
a user.
        关于一般概念的讨论参见条目4，关于通用付费仪表系统应用过程的讨论参见条目6。
一个过程定义描述的是数据单元或一个事件序列的流程，每一个在系统中都是被定义了的并且
是可区别的。作为一个发展过程的特定情况，在它的生命周期中，它从一个状态转变到下一个
状态，每一个状态都清楚地定义了入口和出口标准。一个过程会有一个或多个初态和末态，每
个初态和末态中间有一个或多个指定的中间态。每个状态的入口或出口或转变由事先定义的条
件触发，并且使用服务功能或调用其他的过程来操作或移动系统内的数据单元。这些功能被包
含在几个不同的但互相关联的系统配置的设备中。一个过程也许会使用几个功能的服务或几个
其它的过程，包括几个不同的系统使用者和设备，并且在一个特定过程的生命周期中，它也许
会在在几个数据单元上进行操作。过程也许根据状态表，流程图或者通过一个伪代码如ASN来
定义。某些过程是自动的，它的执行不需要系统用户的干涉，而手动过程则要求用户的参与。

        Processes are classified according to the generic model shown in Figure 3 and Clause 6.
It should be noted that although each process class indicates the singular in the generic
sense, actual system implementations typically have several instances of processes that
belong to the same class.With reference to Clause 6 and Figure 3, the generic process classes are defined as follows.
        过程根据在图3和条目6中显示的通用模型进行分类。值得注意的是，虽然每个过程类在普通意义上显示单一，但实际系统的实现通常都有属于同类的几个事例过程。参考条目6和图3，普通
处理类如下定义。