设计模式之状态模式

状态模式(state)属于行为模式，在需要用到有限状态机或者是那种需要用到switch case的场合就可以考虑用状态模式，状态模式把多样的功能放在外部实现，外部的功能只需要知道它做完了下面要转到哪个状态，但是状态的转移是在调用功能状态的模块来实现的。
下面是状态模式的C++实现，代码可到本人github网页下载：设计模式例子

/*
 * Example of 'State' design pattern.
 * Copyright (C) 2016 Leo Wang 
 *
 * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
#include "stdio.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class CSubject
{
public:
    virtual void ToStateOne(){};
    virtual void ToStateTwo(){};
    virtual void Do(){};
};

class CState
{
public:
    virtual void Do(CSubject* cp_subject) {};
};

class CStateOne:public CState
{
public:
    void Do(CSubject* cp_subject)
    {
        cout<<"This is State One!"<<endl;
        cp_subject->ToStateTwo();   
    };
};

class CStateTwo:public CState
{
    void Do(CSubject* cp_subject)
    {
        cout<<"This is state Two!"<<endl;
        cp_subject->ToStateOne();
    };
};

class CConcreteSubject:public CSubject
{
private:
    CStateOne* cp_stateone;
    CStateTwo* cp_statetwo;
    CState* cp_state;

public:
    void Do()
    {
        cp_state->Do(this);
    };

public:
    void ToStateOne()
    {
        cp_state=cp_stateone;
    };

    void ToStateTwo()
    {
        cp_state=cp_statetwo;
    };

public:
    CConcreteSubject()
    {
        cp_stateone=new CStateOne();
        cp_statetwo=new CStateTwo();
        cp_state=cp_stateone;
    };

    ~CConcreteSubject()
    {
        delete [] cp_stateone;
        delete [] cp_statetwo;
    };
};

void main()
{
    CSubject* cp_subject=new CConcreteSubject();
    cp_subject->Do();
    cp_subject->Do();
    cp_subject->Do();
    cp_subject->Do();
};