使用Busybox-1.13.4制作cramfs文件系统详解

1、先准备好工具： （1）Busybox-1.13.4下载地址：http://busybox.net/downloads/busybox-1.13.4.tar.bz2 （2）cramfs-1.1工具下载地址： http://download.sunplusedu.com/download/cramfs-1.1.tar.gz 或则去官网http://sourceforge.net/projects/cramfs/ 2、解压cramfs工具（这里我放在了根目录下）： 2、编译cramfs； 3、cramfs工具制作好了，接下来我们解压Busybox。 4、对Busybox进行配置，运行make menuconfig命令 # make menuconfig 这里咱们只配置一下静态就可以了。 然后保存，退出。 5、然后执行命令：make install 注：编译“networking/interface.c”文件时可能会出现以下错误： CC networking/interface.o networking/interface.c:818: error: 'ARPHRD_INFINIBAND' undeclared here (not in a function) make[1]: *** [networking/interface.o] Error 1 make: *** [networking] Error 2 通过查看内核源代码目录中的“include/linux/ifarp.h”文件可得知“ARPHRDINFINIBAND”的值为“32”，然后修改“networking/interface.c”文件，在其中添加： #define ARPHRD_INFINIBAND 32 /* InfiniBand */ 5、最后看到下面结果就Ok啦！ 6、建立文件系统所需的目录和文件。 $ mkdir bin dev etc home lib mnt proc sbin sys tmp var usr 并且拷贝_install下面的四个文件到该目录下。 7、以root身份建立节点文件/dev/console, /dev/null mknod -m 600 dev/console c 5 1 mknod -m 666 dev/null c 1 3 8. 建立配置文件如下： [etc]# vi profile #!/bin/sh #/etc/profile:system-wide .profile file for the Bourne shells echo echo -n "Processing /etc/profile......" # Set search library path export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/lib:/usr/lib # set user path export PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin #Set PS1 USER = "`id -un`" LOGNAME=$USER PS1='[\u@\h\W]\$' //这里很好玩的你可以把\u换乘你的用户名比如，@后面也可以跟上计算机名 PATH=$PATH echo "Done!" [etc]# vi init.d/rcS #!/bin/sh # set hostname, needed host file in /etc directory #./etc/host #hostname `cat /etc/host` # mount all filesystem defined in "fstab" echo "#mount all......." #/bin/mount -a #/bin/chmod 0666 /dev/null echo "# starting mdev...." #/bin/echo /sbin/mdev > /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug mdev -s /bin/sh [etc]# ls fstab host inittab passwd shadow group init.d/ mdev.conf profile [etc]# vi fstab proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 none /tmp ramfs defaults 0 0 none /var ramfs defaults 0 0 mdev /dev ramfs defaults 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 [etc]# vi inittab ::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS ::respawn:-/bin/sh ::ctrlaltdel:/bin/umount -a -r ::shutdown:/bin umount -a -r ::shutdown:/sbin/swapoff -a [etc]# vi ../usr/etc/init #!/bin/sh ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.111 up ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1 9．建立文件/etc/mdev.conf，内容为空 [etc]# vi mdev.conf 10．复制主机/etc/下面的文件passwd, group, shadow文件到etc目录（这一步也可以不做） [etc]# cp /etc/group . [etc]# cp /etc/passwd . [etc]# cp /etc/shadow . ok，所需要的文件都已经建立ok了 [etc]# ls fstab group host init.d inittab mdev.conf passwd profile shadow 启动后： u-boot(armzone)=> bootm ## Booting image at 30008000 ... Image Name: linux-2.6.25 Created: 2009-05-26 7:42:53 UTC Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 1628180 Bytes = 1.6 MB Load Address: 30008000 Entry Point: 30008040 Verifying Checksum ... OK XIP Kernel Image ... OK boot linux Starting kernel ... Uncompressing Linux.......................................................................................................... done, booting the kernel. Linux version 2.6.25.8 (root@localhost.localdomain) (gcc version 3.4.1) #8 Tue May 26 15:40:29 CST 2009 CPU: ARM920T [41129200] revision 0 (ARMv4T), cr=00007177 Machine: SMDK2410 Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback CPU S3C2410A (id 0x32410002) S3C2410: core 202.800 MHz, memory 101.400 MHz, peripheral 50.700 MHz S3C24XX Clocks, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics CLOCK: Slow mode (1.500 MHz), fast, MPLL on, UPLL on CPU0: D VIVT write-back cache CPU0: I cache: 16384 bytes, associativity 64, 32 byte lines, 8 sets CPU0: D cache: 16384 bytes, associativity 64, 32 byte lines, 8 sets Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 16256 Kernel command line: noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock2 init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0,115200 mem=64M irq: clearing pending ext status 00000200 irq: clearing subpending status 00000002 PID hash table entries: 256 (order: 8, 1024 bytes) timer tcon=00500000, tcnt a509, tcfg 00000200,00000000, usec 00001e4c Console: colour dummy device 80x30 console [ttySAC0] enabled Dentry cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) Inode-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) Memory: 64MB = 64MB total Memory: 61440KB available (3004K code, 304K data, 140K init) Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok net_namespace: 152 bytes NET: Registered protocol family 16 S3C2410 Power Management, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics S3C2410: Initialising architecture S3C24XX DMA Driver, (c) 2003-2004,2006 Simtec Electronics DMA channel 0 at c4800000, irq 33 DMA channel 1 at c4800040, irq 34 DMA channel 2 at c4800080, irq 35 DMA channel 3 at c48000c0, irq 36 usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs usbcore: registered new interface driver hub usbcore: registered new device driver usb NET: Registered protocol family 2 IP route cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) TCP established hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) TCP bind hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) TCP: Hash tables configured (established 2048 bind 2048) TCP reno registered NetWinder Floating Point Emulator V0.97 (double precision) JFFS2 version 2.2. (NAND) © 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc. yaffs May 25 2009 19:50:02 Installing. io scheduler noop registered io scheduler anticipatory registered (default) io scheduler deadline registered io scheduler cfq registered s3c2410-lcd s3c2410-lcd: no platform data for lcd, cannot attach s3c2410-lcd: probe of s3c2410-lcd failed with error -22 lp: driver loaded but no devices found ppdev: user-space parallel port driver Serial: 8250/16550 driver $Revision: 1.90 $ 4 ports, IRQ sharing enabled s3c2410-uart.0: s3c2410_serial0 at MMIO 0x50000000 (irq = 70) is a S3C2410 s3c2410-uart.1: s3c2410_serial1 at MMIO 0x50004000 (irq = 73) is a S3C2410 s3c2410-uart.2: s3c2410_serial2 at MMIO 0x50008000 (irq = 76) is a S3C2410 brd: module loaded loop: module loaded dm9000 Ethernet Driver, V1.30 Uniform Multi-Platform E-IDE driver ide: Assuming 50MHz system bus speed for PIO modes; override with idebus=xx BAST NOR-Flash Driver, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics S3C24XX NAND Driver, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics s3c2410-nand s3c2410-nand: Tacls=3, 29ns Twrph0=7 69ns, Twrph1=3 29ns NAND device: Manufacturer ID: 0xec, Chip ID: 0x76 (Samsung NAND 64MiB 3,3V 8-bit) NAND_ECC_NONE selected by board driver. This is not recommended !! Scanning device for bad blocks Bad eraseblock 2401 at 0x02584000 Creating 4 MTD partitions on "NAND 64MiB 3,3V 8-bit": 0x00000000-0x00100000 : "Boot" 0x00100000-0x00300000 : "kernel" 0x00300000-0x02c00000 : "root" 0x02c00000-0x04000000 : "usr" usbmon: debugfs is not available s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: S3C24XX OHCI s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1 s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: irq 42, io mem 0x49000000 usb usb1: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found hub 1-0:1.0: 2 ports detected mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice S3C24XX RTC, (c) 2004,2006 Simtec Electronics s3c2410-i2c s3c2410-i2c: slave address 0x10 s3c2410-i2c s3c2410-i2c: bus frequency set to 99 KHz s3c2410-i2c s3c2410-i2c: i2c-0: S3C I2C adapter S3C2410 Watchdog Timer, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics s3c2410-wdt s3c2410-wdt: watchdog inactive, reset disabled, irq enabled TCP cubic registered NET: Registered protocol family 1 RPC: Registered udp transport module. RPC: Registered tcp transport module. drivers/rtc/hctosys.c: unable to open rtc device (rtc0) VFS: Mounted root (cramfs filesystem) readonly. Freeing init memory: 140K ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^ Welcome to CRAMFS root filesystem! ^ ^ CWT ^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^09-5-21^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ hostname: can't open '/etc/host': No such file or directory ln: /dev/tty1: File exists #mount all....... mount: mounting none on /dev/pts failed: No such file or directory mount: mounting tmpfs on /dev/shm failed: No such file or directory Please press Enter to activate this console.