怎样使用Gson 解析 (deserialize) json字符串

转自：http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/17bd8e521f1cf385ab2bb819.html

Gson是谷歌推出的解析json数据以及将对象转换成json数据的一个开源框架. 现在json因其易读性和高效率而被广泛的使用着. 

相对于java以及其它json的解析框架,Gson非常的好用.

简单来讲就是根据json的数据结构定义出相应的javabean --->"new"出Gson的实例gson---->gson.fromJson(jsonString,JavaBean.class) 即可.

下面给出一个实例来说明.

工具/原料

• Gson

步骤1:目标:将从webservice传回的json

1. 1

   {

       "status": 0,

       "result": {

           "location": {

               "lng": 103.98964143811,

               "lat": 30.586643130352

           },

           "formatted_address": "四川省成都市双流县北一街154",

           "business": "簇桥,金花桥",

           "addressComponent": {

               "city": "成都市",

               "district": "双流县",

               "province": "四川省",

               "street": "北一街",

               "street_number": "154"

           },

           "cityCode": 75

       }

   }

2. 2

   先普及下json数据格式定义: json数据只有两种格式.

   一种是对象: 一个大括号包裹的内容就是一个对象.里面是无数个逗号相间隔的键值对

   { "firstName": "Brett", "lastName":"McLaughlin", "email": "aaaa" }

   一种是数组:一个方括号包裹的内容就是一个数组,里面是无数个逗号相间隔的json对象

   如:

   {

       "people": [

           {

               "firstName": "Brett",

               "lastName": "McLaughlin",

               "email": "aaaa"

           },

           {

               "firstName": "Jason",

               "lastName": "Hunter",

               "email": "bbbb"

           },

           {

               "firstName": "Elliotte",

               "lastName": "Harold",

               "email": "cccc"

           }

       ]

   }

   END

步骤2 定义json数据格式对应的javaBean

1. public class Result {

   private Integer status;

   private ResultDetail result;

   public Result() {

   }

   public Result(Integer status, ResultDetail result) {

   super();

   this.status = status;

   this.result = result;

   }

   public ResultDetail getResult() {

   return this.result;

   }

   public Integer getStatus() {

   return this.status;

   }

   public void setResult( ResultDetail result ) {

   this.result = result;

   }

   public void setStatus( Integer status ) {

   this.status = status;

   }

   @Override

   public String toString() {

   return "Result [status=" + this.status + ", result=" + this.result

   + "]";

   }

   }

2. public class ResultDetail {

   Location location;

   String formatted_address;

   AddressComponent addressComponent;

   String business;

   String cityCode;

   public ResultDetail() {

   super();

   // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

   }

   public ResultDetail(Location location, String formatted_address,

   AddressComponent addressComponent, String business, String cityCode) {

   super();

   this.location = location;

   this.formatted_address = formatted_address;

   this.addressComponent = addressComponent;

   this.business = business;

   this.cityCode = cityCode;

   }

   public AddressComponent getAddressComponent() {

   return this.addressComponent;

   }

   public String getBusiness() {

   return this.business;

   }

   public String getCityCode() {

   return this.cityCode;

   }

   public String getFormatted_address() {

   return this.formatted_address;

   }

   public Location getLocation() {

   return this.location;

   }

   public void setAddressComponent( AddressComponent addressComponent ) {

   this.addressComponent = addressComponent;

   }

   public void setBusiness( String business ) {

   this.business = business;

   }

   public void setCityCode( String cityCode ) {

   this.cityCode = cityCode;

   }

   public void setFormatted_address( String formatted_address ) {

   this.formatted_address = formatted_address;

   }

   public void setLocation( Location location ) {

   this.location = location;

   }

   }

3. public class Location {

   String lng;

   String lat;

   public Location() {

   }

   public Location(String lng, String lat) {

   this.lng = lng;

   this.lat = lat;

   }

   public String getLat() {

   return this.lat;

   }

   public String getLng() {

   return this.lng;

   }

   public void setLat( String lat ) {

   this.lat = lat;

   }

   public void setLng( String lng ) {

   this.lng = lng;

   }

   @Override

   public String toString() {

   return "Location [lng=" + this.lng + ", lat=" + this.lat + "]";

   }

   }

4. public class AddressComponent {

   String city;

   String district;

   String province;

   String street;

   String street_number;

   public AddressComponent() {

   super();

   // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

   }

   public AddressComponent(String city, String district, String province,

   String street, String street_number) {

   super();

   this.city = city;

   this.district = district;

   this.province = province;

   this.street = street;

   this.street_number = street_number;

   }

   public String getCity() {

   return this.city;

   }

   public String getDistrict() {

   return this.district;

   }

   public String getProvince() {

   return this.province;

   }

   public String getStreet() {

   return this.street;

   }

   public String getStreet_number() {

   return this.street_number;

   }

   public void setCity( String city ) {

   this.city = city;

   }

   public void setDistrict( String district ) {

   this.district = district;

   }

   public void setProvince( String province ) {

   this.province = province;

   }

   public void setStreet( String street ) {

   this.street = street;

   }

   public void setStreet_number( String street_number ) {

   this.street_number = street_number;

   }

   @Override

   public String toString() {

   return "AddressComponent [city=" + this.city + ", district="

   + this.district + ", province=" + this.province + ", street="

   + this.street + ", street_number=" + this.street_number + "]";

   }

   }

5. 测试:

   jsonString ( 目标json数据,已经在最上面写好的)

   System.out.println( "jsonString:" + jsonString );

   Gson gson = new Gson();

   Result fromJson = gson.fromJson( jsonString.toString() ,

   Result.class );

   System.out.println( "******************************************" );

   System.out.println( fromJson );

6. 结果:

   jsonString:{"status":0,"result":{"location":{"lng":103.98964143811,"lat":30.586643130352},"formatted_address":"四川省成都市双流县北一街154","business":"簇桥,金花桥","addressComponent":{"city":"成都市","district":"双流县","province":"四川省","street":"北一街","street_number":"154"},"cityCode":75}}

   *******************************************

   Result [status=0, result=ResultDetail [location=Location [lng=103.98964143811, lat=30.586643130352], formatted_address=四川省成都市双流县北一街154, addressComponent=AddressComponent [city=成都市, district=双流县, province=四川省, street=北一街, street_number=154], business=簇桥,金花桥, cityCode=75]]

7. 7

   可见,jsonString已经成功的被转换成了对应的javaBean