可执行的jar文件

参考文档

https://skife.org/java/unix/2011/06/20/really_executable_jars.html

原理

• jar文件本质是属于zip格式压缩包
• zip包有个hack,可以在zip文件头部插入任意的文件行(前提没有zip文件格式关键字符)
• 利用 exec java -jar $0 "$@”

其中 $0标示执行文件名，也就是原来的jar包名称，$@表示所有参与原封不动透传给 jar -jar $0.

流程，先生成一个./waffles文件，里面内容为(下面为16进制ascii dumphex的结果)

0000000   #   !   /   b   i   n   /   s   h  \n  \n   e   x   e   c
0000010   j   a   v   a       -   X   m   x   1   G       -   j   a   r
0000020       "   $   0   "       "   $   @   "  \n  \n

记得末尾必须有换行。

然后把jar包字节追加在waffles文件末尾即可：

$ cat ./waffles-1.2.3.jar >> ./waffles
$ chmod +x ./waffles
$ ./waffles --some-flag=blue hello

maven的插件

https://github.com/brianm/really-executable-jars-maven-plugin

<!-- You need to build an exectuable uberjar, I like Shade for that -->
<plugin> <!-- 第一步，生成的jar包里面 MANIFEST.MF 指定main class--->
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId> 
    <version>2.0</version>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
                <goal>shade</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
                <transformers>
                    <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ServicesResourceTransformer"/>
                    <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">

                        <!-- note that the main class is set *here* -->

                        <mainClass>com.example.Main</mainClass>
                    </transformer>
                </transformers>
                <createDependencyReducedPom>false</createDependencyReducedPom>
                <filters>
                    <filter>
                        <artifact>*:*</artifact>
                        <excludes>
                            <exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
                            <exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
                            <exclude>META-INF/*.RSA</exclude>
                        </excludes>
                    </filter>
                </filters>
            </configuration>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

<!-- now make the jar chmod +x style executable -->
<plugin> <!-- 第二步，really-executable-jar-maven-plugin 生成可以直接执行的文件-->
  <groupId>org.skife.maven</groupId>
  <artifactId>really-executable-jar-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>1.4.1</version>
  <configuration>
    <!-- value of flags will be interpolated into the java invocation -->
    <!-- as "java $flags -jar ..." -->
    <flags>-Xmx1G</flags>

    <!-- (optional) name for binary executable, if not set will just -->
    <!-- make the regular jar artifact executable -->
    <programFile>nifty-executable</programFile>

    <!-- (optional) support other packaging formats than jar -->
    <!-- <allowOtherTypes>true</allowOtherTypes> -->

    <!-- (optional) name for a file that will define what script gets -->
    <!-- embedded into the executable jar.  This can be used to -->
    <!-- override the default startup script which is -->
    <!-- `#!/bin/sh -->
    <!--            -->
    <!-- exec java " + flags + " -jar "$0" "$@" -->
    <!-- <scriptFile>src/packaging/someScript.extension</scriptFile> -->
  </configuration>

  <executions>
    <execution>
      <phase>package</phase>
      <goals>
        <goal>really-executable-jar</goal>
      </goals>
    </execution>
  </executions>
</plugin>