ReetranLock

ReetranLock比synchronized更加灵活
synchronized 与wait，nodify，nodifyAll方法相结合实现通知等待
ReetranLock与Condition对象的await，signal，signalAll也可实现此功能，而且可以选择性的进行线程通知，唤醒指定的线程。
举例说明,实现生产者、消费者多对多打印

package lock;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

public class MyService {
	private ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
	private Condition condition = lock.newCondition();
	private boolean hasValue = false;
	
	public void set() {
		try {
			lock.lock();
			while (hasValue == true) {
				System.out.println("--");
				condition.await();
			}
			System.out.println("-");
			hasValue=true;
			condition.signalAll();
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
	
	public void get() {
		try {
			lock.lock();
			while (hasValue == false) {
				System.out.println("**");
				condition.await();
			}
			System.out.println("*");
			hasValue=false;
			condition.signalAll();
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			lock.unlock();
		}
	}
	
}

package lock;

public class Run {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		MyService service = new MyService();
	    ThreadAAA[] a = new ThreadAAA[10];
	    ThreadBBB[] b = new ThreadBBB[10];
	    for (int i=0;i<10;i++) {
	    	a[i] = new ThreadAAA(service);
	        b[i] = new ThreadBBB(service);
	        a[i].start();
	        b[i].start();
	    }
	}
	
}

class ThreadAAA extends Thread{
	private MyService service;
	
	public ThreadAAA (MyService service) {
		this.service = service;
	}
	
	public void run() {
		while (true) {
			service.set();
		}
	}
}

class ThreadBBB extends Thread{
	private MyService service;
	
	public ThreadBBB (MyService service) {
		this.service = service;
	}
	
	public void run() {
		while (true) {
			service.get();
		}
	}
}

公平锁与非公平锁
公平锁表示线程获取锁的顺序是按照线程加锁的顺序来的，先进先出
非公平锁是一种抢占机制，随机获得锁
设置
private ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock(true);
true为公平锁，false为非公平锁。、
优缺点：
非公平锁性能高于公平锁性能。首先，在恢复一个被挂起的线程与该线程真正运行之间存在着严重的延迟。而且，非公平锁能更充分的利用cpu的时间片，尽量的减少cpu空闲的状态时间。
使用场景
使用场景的话呢，其实还是和他们的属性一一相关，举个栗子：如果业务中线程占用(处理)时间要远长于线程等待，那用非公平锁其实效率并不明显，但是用公平锁会给业务增强很多的可控制性。

使用ReetranReadWriteLock实现读写锁，提高了ReetranLock 的效率，因为ReetranLock是排他锁
多个读是共享锁，写锁是排他锁
ReetranReadWriteLock lock = new ReetranReadWriteLock();

lock.readLock().lock() 获取读锁
lock.writeLock().lock() 获取写锁