C# LINQ使用方法

LINQ 代表语言集成查询（language Integrated Query）可与数组、集合、XML、ADO.NET dataset使用

一、补充Lambda：“=>”运算符右边的表达式对运算符左边指定的参数执行操作，表达式的结果成为“=>”运算符的结果并返回。

1.Lambda表达式：

delegate int Incr(int v);

delegate bool IsEven(int v);

Incr incr = count => count + 2;

int x = incr(3); //输出5

IsEven isEven = n => n % 2 == 0;

isEven(2); //如果n为偶数返回true，为奇数返回false

2.Lambda语句：主题包括在大括号中，可以使用循环、if语句、声明变量

delegate int IntOp(int end);

delegate string StrMod(string s);

IntOp intOp = n => {

int r = 2;

for(int i =1; i <= n; i++)

r = i * r;

return r;

}；

int x = intOp(2); // 返回4

StrMod strModReplace = s => {

return s.Replace(' ', '-');

}；

string y = strModReplace("This is a test.");

二、LINQ 普通查询：

int[] nums = {1,2,3,6,7,16,-3,-6};

var posNums = from n in nums

where n > 0 && n < 10

select n;

foreach(int i in posNums) Console.write(i + " ");//输出1,2，3,6,7

三、LINQ orderby查询：

var posNums = from n in nums

orderby n desc

select n;

foreach(int i in posNums) Console.write(i + " ");//输出16,7......-6

四、LINQ select深入：

public string Name{get;set;}

public string Address{get;set;}

public EmailAddress(string n ,string a)

{

Name = n;

Address = a;

}

EmailAddress[] addrs = {

new EmailAddress("liu","liu.com"),

new EmailAddress("zhang","zhang.com"),

new EmailAddress("wang","wang.com")

}

var eAddrs = from entry in addrs

select entry.Address;

foreach(string s in eAddrs) Console.write(s + " ");//输出liu.com zhang.comwang.com

五、LINQ from嵌套：

class ChrPair{

public char First;

public char Second;

public ChrPair(char c,char c2)

{

First = c;

Second = c2;

}

}

char[] chrs = {'A','B','C'};

char[] chrs2 = {'X','Y','Z'};

var pairs = from ch1 in chrs

from ch2 in chrs2

select new ChrPair(ch1,ch2);

foreach(var p in pairs) Console.write("{0}{1}",p.First,P.Second + "-");

输出:AX-AY-AZ-BX-BY-BZ-CX-CY-CZ

六、LINQ group by:

LINQ join:

class Item{

public string Name{get;set;}

public bool ItemNumber{get;set;}

public Item(string n ,bool b){

Name = n;

ItemNumber = b;

}

}

class Item2{

public string Name2{get;set;}

public bool ItemNumber2{get;set;}

public Item2(string n ,bool b){

Name2 = n;

ItemNumber2 = b;

}

}

class Temp{

public string Name{get;set;}

public bool InStock{get;set;}

public Temp(string n ,bool b){

Name = n;

InStock = b;

}

}

Item[] items = {

new Item("a",true),

new Item("b",false),

new Item("c",false)

}

Item2[] items2 = {

new Item("e",true),

new Item("f",false),

new Item("g",true)

}

var list = from item in items

join entry in items2

on item.ItemNumber equals entry.ItemNumber

select new Temp(item.Name,entry.InStock);

foreach(Temp t in list)

{

Console.write("{0}\t{1}",t.Name,t.InStock);

}

输出：a true

b,false

七、LINQ 匿名类型：没有名称的类，用于创建select子句返回的对象

class Item{

public string Name{get;set;}

public bool ItemNumber{get;set;}

public Item(string n ,bool b){

Name = n;

ItemNumber = b;

}

}

class Item2{

public string Name2{get;set;}

public bool ItemNumber2{get;set;}

public Item2(string n ,bool b){

Name2 = n;

ItemNumber2 = b;

}

}

/*class Temp{

public string Name{get;set;}

public bool InStock{get;set;}

public Temp(string n ,bool b){

Name = n;

InStock = b;

}

}*/

Item[] items = {

new Item("a",true),

new Item("b",false),

new Item("c",false)

}

Item2[] items2 = {

new Item("e",true),

new Item("f",false),

new Item("g",true)

}

var list = from item in items

join entry in items2

on item.ItemNumber equals entry.ItemNumber

select new (Name = item.Name,InStock = entry.InStock); //匿名类

foreach(Temp t in list)

{

Console.write("{0}\t{1}",t.Name,t.InStock);

}

输出：a true

b,false

八、LINQ Lambda表达式：

int[] nums = {1,2,3,6,7,16,-3,-6};

var posNums = nums.Where(n => n > 0).Select( r => r);

foreach(int i in posNums) Console.write(i + " ");//输出1,2，3,6,7

//var posNums = nums.Where(n => n > 0).Select( r => r);这行代码创建了一个名为posNames的查询，改查询通过使用Where（）方法（用于筛选值）和Select（）方法（用于选择值）创建nums数组中的正数值。可以对nums数组调用Where（）方法是应为所有数组都实现了IEnumerable<T>接口，IEnumerable<T>接口支持查询扩展方法。