HBase备份之导入导出

我们在上一篇文章《HBase复制》中讲述了如何建立主/从集群，实现数据的实时备份。但是，HBase复制只对设置好复制以后的数据生效，也即，配置好复制之后插入HBase主集群的数据才能同步复制到HBase从集群中，而对之前的历史数据，采用HBase复制这种办法是无能为力的。本文介绍如何使用HBase的导入导出功能来实现历史数据的备份。

1）将HBase表数据导出到hdfs的一个指定目录中，具体命令如下：

$ cd $HBASE_HOME/
$ bin/hbase org.apache.hadoop.hbase.mapreduce.Export test_table /data/test_table

其中，$HBASE_HOME为HBase主目录，test_table为要导出的表名，/data/test_table为hdfs中的目录地址。

执行结果太长，这里截取最后一部分，如下所示：

2014-08-11 16:49:44,484 INFO  [main] mapreduce.Job: Running job: job_1407491918245_0021
2014-08-11 16:49:51,658 INFO  [main] mapreduce.Job: Job job_1407491918245_0021 running in uber mode : false
2014-08-11 16:49:51,659 INFO  [main] mapreduce.Job:  map 0% reduce 0%
2014-08-11 16:49:57,706 INFO  [main] mapreduce.Job:  map 100% reduce 0%
2014-08-11 16:49:57,715 INFO  [main] mapreduce.Job: Job job_1407491918245_0021 completed successfully
2014-08-11 16:49:57,789 INFO  [main] mapreduce.Job: Counters: 37
	File System Counters
		FILE: Number of bytes read=0
		FILE: Number of bytes written=118223
		FILE: Number of read operations=0
		FILE: Number of large read operations=0
		FILE: Number of write operations=0
		HDFS: Number of bytes read=84
		HDFS: Number of bytes written=243
		HDFS: Number of read operations=4
		HDFS: Number of large read operations=0
		HDFS: Number of write operations=2
	Job Counters 
		Launched map tasks=1
		Rack-local map tasks=1
		Total time spent by all maps in occupied slots (ms)=9152
		Total time spent by all reduces in occupied slots (ms)=0
	Map-Reduce Framework
		Map input records=3
		Map output records=3
		Input split bytes=84
		Spilled Records=0
		Failed Shuffles=0
		Merged