目录
4.1、函数对象
1、函数对象在使用的时候,可以像普通函数那样调用,可以有参数,可以有返回值
2、函数对象超出了普通函数的概念,可以拥有自己的状态
3、函数对象可以作为参数进行传递
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class MyAdd
{
public:
int operator()(int v1, int v2)
{
return v1 + v2;
}
};
void test01()
{
//1、函数对象在使用的时候,可以像普通函数那样调用,可以有参数,可以有返回值
MyAdd myAdd;
cout << myAdd(10, 10) << endl;
}
//2、函数对象超出了普通函数的概念,可以拥有自己的状态
class MyPrint
{
public:
MyPrint()
{
this->count = 0;
}
void operator()(string test)
{
cout << test << endl;
this->count++;
}
int count;
};
void test02()
{
MyPrint myPrint;
myPrint("hello world");
cout << "myPrint调用的次数为:" << myPrint.count << endl;
}
//3、函数对象可以作为参数进行传递
void doPrint(MyPrint& mp, string test)
{
mp(test);
}
void test03()
{
MyPrint myPrint;
doPrint(myPrint, "hello c++");
}
int main()
{
test03();
test02();
test01();
system("pause");
}
4.2.1-4.2.2、一元谓词
仿函数 返回值类型是bool数据类型,称为谓词
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
//仿函数 返回值类型是bool数据类型,称为谓词
//一元谓词
class GreaterFive
{
public:
bool operator()(int val)
{
return val > 5;
}
};
void test01()
{
vector<int>v;
for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++)
{
v.push_back(i);
}
//查找有没有大于5
//GreatFive()是匿名的函数对象
vector<int>::iterator it = find_if(v.begin(), v.end(), GreaterFive());
if (it == v.end())
{
cout << "未找到" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "找到了" << "位置为:"<<*it<<endl;
}
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
}
4.2.3、二元谓词
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
class MyCompare
{
public:
bool operator()(int val1, int val2)
{
return val1 > val2;
}
};
void test01()
{
vector<int>v;
v.push_back(10);
v.push_back(30);
v.push_back(20);
v.push_back(40);
v.push_back(50);
sort(v.begin(), v.end());
for (vector<int>::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++)
{
cout << *it << endl;
}
cout << endl;
//使用函数对象 改变排序策略 变为排序规则为从大到小
sort(v.begin(), v.end(),MyCompare());
for (vector<int>::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++)
{
cout << *it << endl;
}
cout << endl;
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
}
4.3.1、算数仿函数
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include<functional>
using namespace std;
//内建函数对象 算数仿函数
//negate 一元仿函数 取反仿函数
void test01()
{
negate<int>n;
cout << n(50) << endl;
}
void test02()
{
plus<int>p;
cout << p(10, 10);
}
int main()
{
test02();
test01();
system("pause");
}
4.3.3、关系仿函数
#include<functional>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
#include<functional>
using namespace std;
class MyCompare
{
public:
bool operator()(int val1,int val2)
{
return val1 > val2;
}
};
void test01()
{
vector<int>v;
v.push_back(10);
v.push_back(20);
v.push_back(30);
v.push_back(40);
v.push_back(50);
for (vector<int>::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++)
{
cout << *it <<" ";
}
cout << endl;
//降序
sort(v.begin(), v.end(), MyCompare());
sort(v.begin(), v.end(), greater<int>());
for (vector<int>::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++)
{
cout << *it << " ";
}
cout << endl;
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
}
4.3.4逻辑仿函数
#include <iostream>
#include<vector>
#include <string>
#include<algorithm>
#include<functional>
using namespace std;
void test01()
{
vector<bool>v;
v.push_back(true);
v.push_back(false);
v.push_back(true);
v.push_back(false);
for (vector<bool>::iterator it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); it++)
{
cout << *it << " ";
}
cout << endl;
//利用逻辑非 将容器v搬运到容器v2中 ,并执行取反操作
vector<bool>v2;
v2.resize(v.size());
transform(v.begin(), v.end(), v2.begin(), logical_not<bool>());
for (vector<bool>::iterator it = v2.begin(); it != v2.end(); it++)
{
cout << *it << " ";
}
cout << endl;
}
int main()
{
test01();
system("pause");
}